EP0197747A2
Expired / Lapsed
EP
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Graphite or glassy carbon electrode with modified surface
Assignee: Medisense Inc
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Filing: 1986-04-01
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2006-04-01
Abstract
Abstract An electrode has a graphite or glassy carbon surface at least part of which is an edge-plane graphite surface or glassy carbon surface to which Cr(III) complexes are attached by surface C-0 groups. The graphite can be polished pyrolytic graphite. The complex coverage can be 5-20%. The complex may comprise proteins, enzyme substrates, specific binding agents, intermediate metabolites or the like, e.g. the protein plastocyanin, so that direct unmediated electrochemistry is possible at the electrode.
Inventors
- 👤 Frazer Andrew Armstrong
- 👤 Brian Nigel Oliver
- 👤 Hugh Allen Oliver Hill
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 23:54
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/26; G01N27/28; G01N27/30; G01N27/308; G01N27/327; G01N27/3275; G01N27/3277
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
47 words
An electrode for use in bioelectrochemistry and having a graphite or glassy carbon surface characterised in that at least part of the graphite or glassy carbon surface is an edge-plane graphitic surface or glassy carbon surface to which Cr (III) complexes are attached by surface C-0 groups.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
47 words
An electrode for use in bioelectrochemistry and having a graphite or glassy carbon surface characterised in that at least part of the graphite or glassy carbon surface is an edge-plane graphitic surface or glassy carbon surface to which Cr (III) complexes are attached by surface C-0 groups.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
An electrode as claimed in claim 1 characterised in that the graphitic or glassy carbon surface is a polished pyrolytic graphite surface.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
13 . An electrode as claimed in claim 1 or 2 characterised by having a surface coverage of said complex of from 5% to 20%.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
47 words
An electrode as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3 characterised in that at least some-of the ligands not bound to the graphite or glassy carbon by the surface C-0 groups comprise a physiologically or biochemically active species which is thereby directly electrically linked to the electrode.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
An electrode as claimed in claim 4 characterised in that the said ligand species is chosen from proteins, enzyme substrates, specific binding agents and intermediate metabolites.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
An electrode as claimed in claim 5 characterised in that the protein is plastocyanin.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
49 words
An electrode as claimed in any one preceding claim characterised in that the complex has the general formula: where -0 generally denotes the graphite surface functionalities used, together with any coordinated H 2 0, and where X + Yn(0) equals six to represent the coordination number of the complex.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
92 words
A method of producing an electrode as claimed in any one preceding claim characterised in that the edge-plane graphite surface or glassy carbon surface is contacted with the complex Cr(NH 3 ) +++ 6 in concentrated aqueous ammonia; the complex ion is electrochemically converted to a Cr(NH 3 ) ++ 6 species labile to substitution of ligands, whereby at least bonding to the C-0 surface groups takes place; and the chromium (II) complex thereby bound is electrochemically converted to the substitution-inert Cr(III) complex to provide stable direct electrochemical measurement at the electrode.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The use of the electrode as claimed in claim 4 for direct investigation of the electrochemistry of a physiologically or biochemically active species.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
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