Silane microemulsions

Claim 2

A clear composition which is a microemulsion, micellar solution, or a liquid crystal containing solution, the composition comprising: (a) a silane represented by the formulae i) X 4-n Si(RNH a Rʹ b Y c ) n where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y denotes an acid anion; n is 1, 2 or 3: R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Rʹ denotes alkyl radicals with 1 to 22 carbon atoms, saturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen, or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen; a is 0, 1 or 2; b is 0, 1, 2, or 3: c is 0 or 1; the sum of a + b is 2 or 3 and when the sum of a + b is 3, c is 1, otherwise c is 0; ii) X 4-n Si(RPRʺ₃Y) n where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, Rʺ denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a phenyl radical, and n is 1, 2, or 3; or iii) X₃SiR‴ where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R‴ denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical; and (b) a cosurfactant compound which has an HLB factor of at least 1, and which combined with said silane forms a clear mixture at room temperature when mixed with water.

Claim 3

The composition of claim 1 further comprising (c) sufficient water to form, when combined and thoroughly mixed with said silane and said cosurfactant, a clear mixture.

Claim 4

The composition of claim 1 where the silane is chosen from the group consisting of (CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₂C₁₈H₃₇Cl⁻, (CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₂C₁₈H₃₇ Br⁻, (CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(C₁₀H₂₁)₂CH₃ Cl⁻, (CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(C₁₀H₂₁)₂CH₃ Br⁻, and (CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₃Cl⁻.

Claim 5

The composition of claim 1 wherein said silane is chosen from the group consisting of (CH₃O)₃SiCH₃, (CH₃O)₃SiCH₂CH₂CH₃, (CH₃O)₃SiCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃, and (CH₃O)₃SiC₆H₅.

Claim 6

The composition of claim 1 wherein said silane is chosen from the group consisting of (CH₃O)₃SiCH₂CH₂CH₂P⁺(C₆H₅)₃Cl⁻, (CH₃O)₃SiCH₂CH₂CH₂P⁺(C₆H₅)₃Br⁻, (CH₃O)₃SiCH₂CH₂CH₂P⁺(CH₃)₃Cl⁻, and (CH₃O)₃SiCH₂CH₂CH₂P⁺(C₆H₁₃)₃Cl⁻.

Claim 7

The composition of claim 1 wherein said silane is chosen form the group consisting of (CH₃)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₂C₁₂H₂₅Cl⁻, (CH₃)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(C₁₀H₂₁)₂CH₃Cl⁻, and (CH₃)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₂C₁₈H₃₇Cl⁻.

Claim 8

The composition of claim 1 wherein said silane is (CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃NH(CH₂)₂NHCH₂C₆H₄CHCH₂·HCl.

Claim 9

The composition of claim 1 wherein said silane is chosen from the group consisting of (CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N(CH₃)₂, (CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N(CH₂CH₃)₂, (CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N(CH₂CH₂CH₃)₂, (CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₄N(CH₃)₂, and (CH₃O)₃SiCH₂CH(CH₃)CH₂N(CH₃)₂.

Claim 10

A clear, stable oil-in-water type micellar solution made by diluting the composition of claim 1 with sufficient water to form a clear oil-in-water type micellar solution.

Claim 11

A clear, stable water-in-oil type micellar solution made by diluting the composition of claim 1 with sufficient water to form a clear water-in-oil type micellar solution.

Claim 12

The clear mixture of claim 1 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is propylene glycol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 13

The clear mixture of claim 1 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is ethylene glycol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 14

The clear mixture of claim 1 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is glycerol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 15

The clear mixture of claim 1 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is pentanol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 16

The clear mixture of claim 1 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is a polyoxyethylene glycol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 17

The clear mixture of claim 1 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is decanol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 18

The clear mixture of claim 1 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldidecylmethyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is propylene glycol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 19

The clear mixture of claim 1 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldidecylmethyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is ethylene glycol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 20

The clear mixture of claim 1 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldidecylmethyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is pentanol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 21

The clear mixture of claim 1 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldidecylmethyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is a polyoxyethylene glycol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 22

The clear mixture of claim 1 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldidecylmethyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is decanol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 23

A clear stable oil-in-water microemulsion comprising (a) a silane represented by the formulae: i) X 4-n Si(RNH a Rʹ b Y c ) n where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms: Y denotes an acid anion; n is 1, 2 or 3: R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms: Rʹ denotes alkyl radicals with 1 to 12 carbon atoms; saturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen, or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen: a is 0, 1 or 2; b is 0, 1, 2, or 3; c is 0 or 1; the sum of a + b is 2 or 3 and when the sum of a + b is 3, c is 1, otherwise c is 0; ii) X 4-n Si (R P Rʺ₃Y) n where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, Rʺ denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a phenyl radical, and n is 1, 2, or 3: or iii) X₃SiR‴ where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R‴ denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical; (b) cosurfactant compound which has an HLB factor of at least 1 and which when combined with said silane forms a clear mixture at room temperature when mixed with water; (c) sufficient water to form a clear oil-in-water microemulsion with a mixture of (a) and (b), and a water immiscible oil; and (d) sufficient water immiscible oil to form a clear stable oil-in-water microemulsion when combined with (a), (b) and (c).

Claim 24

A clear stable oil-in-water microemulsion comprising (a) a silane represented by the formulae: i) X 4-n Si(RNH a Rʹ b Y c ) n where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms: Y denotes an acid anion; n is 1, 2 or 3: R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms: Rʹ denotes alkyl radicals with 1 to 12 carbon atoms; saturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen, or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen: a is 0, 1 or 2; b is 0, 1, 2, or 3; c is 0 or 1; the sum of a + b is 2 or 3 and when the sum of a + b is 3, c is 1, otherwise c is 0; ii) X 4-n Si (R P Rʺ₃Y) n where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, Rʺ denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a phenyl radical, and n is 1, 2, or 3: or iii) X₃SiR‴ where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R‴ denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical; (b) cosurfactant compound which has an HLB factor of at least 1 and which when combined with said silane forms a clear mixture at room temperature when mixed with water; (c) sufficient water to form a clear oil-in-water microemulsion with a mixture of (a) and (b), and a water immiscible oil; and (d) sufficient water immiscible oil to form a clear stable oil-in-water microemulsion when combined with (a), (b) and (c).

Claim 25

A clear stable water-in-oil microemulsion comprising (a) a silane represented by the formulae: i) X 4-n Si(RNH a Rʹ b Y c ) n where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y denotes an acid anion; n is 1, 2 or 3; R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Rʺ denotes alkyl radicals with 1 to 22 carbon atoms; saturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen, or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen; a is 0, 1 or 2; b is 0, 1, 2, or 3; c is 0 or 1; the sum of a + b is 2 or 3, and when the sum of a + b is 3, c is 1, otherwise c is 0; ii) X 4-n Si(RPRʺ₃Y) n where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, Rʺ denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a phenyl radical, and n is 1, 2, or 3; or iii) X₃SiR‴ where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R‴ denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical; (b) cosurfactant compound which has an HLB factor of at least 1 and which when combined with said silane forms a clear mixture at room temperature when mixed with water; (c) sufficient water to form a clear water-in-oil microemulsion with a mixture of (a) and (b), and a water immiscible oil, (d) sufficient water immiscible oil to form a clear stable water-in-oil microemulsion when combined with (a), (b) and (c).

Claim 26

A clear stable water-in-oil microemulsion comprising (a) a silane represented by the formulae: i) X 4-n Si(RNH a Rʹ b Y c ) n where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y denotes an acid anion; n is 1, 2 or 3; R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Rʺ denotes alkyl radicals with 1 to 22 carbon atoms; saturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen, or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen; a is 0, 1 or 2; b is 0, 1, 2, or 3; c is 0 or 1; the sum of a + b is 2 or 3, and when the sum of a + b is 3, c is 1, otherwise c is 0; ii) X 4-n Si(RPRʺ₃Y) n where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, Rʺ denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a phenyl radical, and n is 1, 2, or 3; or iii) X₃SiR‴ where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R‴ denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical; (b) cosurfactant compound which has an HLB factor of at least 1 and which when combined with said silane forms a clear mixture at room temperature when mixed with water; (c) sufficient water to form a clear water-in-oil microemulsion with a mixture of (a) and (b), and a water immiscible oil, (d) sufficient water immiscible oil to form a clear stable water-in-oil microemulsion when combined with (a), (b) and (c).

Claim 27

A clear stable liquid crystalline solution comprising (a) a silane represented by the formulae: i) X 4-n Si(RNH a Rʹ b Y c ) n where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y denotes an acid anion; n is 1, 2 or 3; R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Rʹ denotes alkyl radicals with 1 to 22 carbon atoms; saturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen, or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen; a is 0, 1 or 2; b is 0, 1, 2, or 3; c is 0 or 1; the sum of a + b is 2 or 3, and when the sum of a + b is 3, c is 1, otherwise c is 0; ii) X 4-n Si(RPRʺ₃Y) n where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Rʺ denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a phenyl radical, and n is 1, 2, or 3; or iii) X₃SiR‴ where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R‴ denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical; (b) cosurfactant compound which has an HLB factor of at least 1 and which when combined with said silane forms a clear liquid crystalline solution at room temperature when mixed with water; (c) sufficient water to form a clear liquid crystalline solution with a mixture of (a) and (b).

Claim 28

A clear stable liquid crystalline solution comprising (a) a silane represented by the formulae: i) X 4-n Si(RNH a Rʹ b Y c ) n where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y denotes an acid anion; n is 1, 2 or 3; R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Rʹ denotes alkyl radicals with 1 to 22 carbon atoms; saturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen, or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen; a is 0, 1 or 2; b is 0, 1, 2, or 3; c is 0 or 1; the sum of a + b is 2 or 3, and when the sum of a + b is 3, c is 1, otherwise c is 0; ii) X 4-n Si(RPRʺ₃Y) n where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Rʺ denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a phenyl radical, and n is 1, 2, or 3; or iii) X₃SiR‴ where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R‴ denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical; (b) cosurfactant compound which has an HLB factor of at least 1 and which when combined with said silane forms a clear liquid crystalline solution at room temperature when mixed with water; (c) sufficient water to form a clear liquid crystalline solution with a mixture of (a) and (b).