Change of current or voltage acutated protecting relay

Claim 2

A control device for detecting changes in the sine wave of an alternating electrical signal, a pair of input terminals adapted to be supplied with said alternating potential signal, a summing network having an output and an input, a differentiating network having an input connected to said input terminals and having an output connected to said input of said summing network, said differentiating network including a multiplying means effective to multiply the magnitude of the differentiated quantity of the sine wave signal supplied to its said input by a predetermined constant differentiating multiplier an integrating network having an input connected to said input terminals and having an output connected to said input of said summing network, said integrating network including multiplying means effective to multiply the magnitude of the integrated quantity of the sine wave signal supplied to its said input by a predetermined constant integrating multiplier, the ratio of said integrating multiplier to said differentiating multiplier being equal to omega 2 where omega equal 2 pi hertz based on the hertz of said sine wave signal at said input terminals, and actuated means coupled to said output of said summing network and actuated by said summing network as a consequence of a change in the magnitude of the sum of the signals applied thereto by said differentiating network and said integrating network.

Claim 3

The combination of claim 1 in which said actuated means is coupled to said summing network through a transient detector clamping network, said clamping network including first and second connections interconnected by an energy storage device, said clamping network further including potential supply means coupled to said second connection of said clamping network to supply energy to said one connection when the potential at said first connection of said clamping network changes potential in a first direction.

Claim 4

The combination of claim 1 which includes a differential amplifier having an input connected to said summing network output and having first and second output terminals, said amplifier being effective in response to an increase in the potential at its said input to increase the potential of its said first output terminal and to decrease the potential of its said second output terminal, said amplifier being effective in response to a decrease in the potential at its said input to decrease the potential of its said first output terminal and to increase the potential of its said second output terminal, first and second capacitors, a plurality of current conducting voltage establishing devices, first circuit means connecting said first capacitor between a first of said establishing devices and said first amplifier output terminal and said first establishing device to said actuated means, second circuit means connecting said second capacitor between a second of said establishing devices and said second amplifier output terminal and said second establishing device to said actuated means, means connecting a soUrce of constant potential to said first circuit means intermediate said first capacitor and said first establishing device and including a third of said establishing devices, means connecting said source of potential to said second circuit means intermediate said second capacitor and said second establishing device and including a fourth of said establishing devices.

Claim 5

The combination of claim 3 in which said first and second establishing devices are asymmetric current conducting devices.

Claim 6

The combination of claim 4 in which said first and second establishing devices have a common connection to said actuated means, said third and fourth establishing devices are symmetric current conducting devices and there is provided a fifth symmetric current conducting device connected between said source of potential and said common connection of said first and second establishing devices to said actuated means.

Claim 7

The combination of claim 3 in which said third and fourth establishing devices are asymmetric current conducting devices.

Claim 8

The combination of claim 6 in which said first and second establishing devices are symmetric current conducting devices.

Claim 9

In combination an input circuit adapted to be energized with an alternating potential sine wave input signal, first and second computing networks having input and output terminals, said first network including a first amplifier and circuitry connecting said amplifier between its said input and its said output terminals whereby said first network is effective to perform an integrating operation on an alternating potential supplied to its said input terminal and supply the integrated result to its said output terminal, said second network including a second amplifier and circuitry connecting said second amplifier between its said input and its said output terminals whereby said second network is effective to perform a differentiating operation on an alternating potential quantity supplied to its said input terminal and supply the differentiated result to its said output terminal, said first network including first multiplying means for multiplying the true integrated value of said signal by a first constant, said second network including second multiplying means for multiplying the true differentiated value of said signal by a second constant, said constants being so related that when there is no discontinuity in the sine wave of said signal the magnitudes of said results are of equal magnitude, means connecting said input terminals to said input circuit for energization of said first and second networks by said signal, a summing network connected between said output terminals and having an output terminal, said summing network being effective to combine said results at said output terminals such that the resultant output signal at said output terminal of said summing network is substantially zero when said input signal takes the shape of a sine wave and to provide an output signal at said output terminal of said summing network as a consequence of a change in the waveform of said signal direct current blocking device, a control terminal, and circuitry connecting said control terminal to said output terminal and effective to energize said control terminal with a constant signal in the presence of said output signal.

Claim 10

In combination an input circuit adapted to be energized with an alternating potential sine wave input signal, first and second computing networks having input and output terminals, said first network including a first amplifier and circuitry connecting said amplifier between its said input and its said output terminals whereby said first network is effective to perform an integrating operation on an alternating potential supplied to its said input terminal and supply the integrated result to its said output terminal, said second network including a second amplifier and circuitry connecting said second amplifier between its said input and its said output terminals whereby said second network is effective to perform a differentiating operation on an alternating potential quantity supplied to its said input terminal and supply the differentiated result to its said output terminal, said first network including first multiplying means for multiplying the true integrated value of said signal by a first constant, said second network including second multiplying means for multiplying the true differentiated value of said signal by a second constant, said constants being so related that when there is no discontinuity in the sine wave of said signal the magnitudes of said results are of equal magnitude, means connecting said input terminals to said input circuit for energization of said first and second networks by said signal, a summing network connected between said output terminals and having an output terminal, said summing network being effective to combine said results at said output terminals such that the resultant output signal at said output terminal of said summing network is substantially zero when said input signal takes the shape of a sine wave and to provide an output signal at said output terminal of said summing network as a consequence of a change in the waveform of said signal direct current blocking device, a control terminal, and circuitry connecting said control terminal to said output terminal and effective to energize said control terminal with a constant signal in the presence of said output signal.

Claim 11

The combination of claim 8 in which said circuitry provides a undirectional output control signal which has a magnitude dependent upon the magnitude of said output signal and independent of the polarity of said output signal.

Claim 12

The combination of claim 8 in which said circuitry clamps the potential of said control signal and comprises a storage device coupled between said output terminal and said control terminal and a charging circuit connecting a source of unidirectional polarity potential to said storage device adjacent said control terminal, and an asymmetric current flow device connected in said charging circuit.

Claim 13

The combination of claim 10 in which said storage device is a capacitOr and said asymmetric device is a rectifier.

Claim 14

The combination of claim 11 in which said input circuit includes a sine wave filter, said filter being tuned to attenuate harmonics of said input signal.

Claim 15

A detecting apparatus for detecting a discontinuity in the shape of the sine wave of an applied electrical quantity having an angular frequency omega comprising first and second computing networks each having an input terminal and an output terminal, each of said networks comprising a high gain amplifier having its output connected to energize said output terminal of the said network with which it is associated and an input connected through an input impedance device to said input terminal of the said network with which it is associated, each said amplifier being provided with a feedback impedance device connected to supply a feedback signal from the said output to the said input of the said amplifier with which it is associated, said feedback impedance device of said first network and said input impedance device of said second network each being primarily resistive in nature, said input impedance device of said first network and said feedback impedance device of said second network being primarily capacitive in nature, the magnitudes of the impedances of said devices being so chosen with respect to the angular frequency of said electrical quantity that the output quantities of said networks are of equal magnitudes when both of said networks are simultaneously energized by said alternating quantity with no discontinuity present in its said sine wave.

Claim 16

A detecting apparatus for detecting a discontinuity in the shape of the sine wave of an applied electrical quantity having an angular frequency omega comprising first and second computing networks each having an input terminal and an output terminal, each of said networks comprising a high gain amplifier having its output connected to energize said output terminal of the said network with which it is associated and an input connected through an input impedance device to said input terminal of the said network with which it is associated, each said amplifier being provided with a feedback impedance device connected to supply a feedback signal from the said output to the said input of the said amplifier with which it is associated, said feedback impedance device of said first network and said input impedance device of said second network each being primarily resistive in nature, said input impedance device of said first network and said feedback impedance device of said second network being primarily capacitive in nature, the magnitudes of the impedances of said devices being so chosen with respect to the angular frequency of said electrical quantity that the output quantities of said networks are of equal magnitudes when both of said networks are simultaneously energized by said alternating quantity with no discontinuity present in its said sine wave.

Claim 17

The combination of claim 13 in which magnitudes are of opposite polarity.

Claim 18

The combination of claim 13 in which the product of the resistance values in ohms and the capacitance values in farads is equal to 1/ omega 2.