US3679688A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Preparation of substituted pyridines
Assignee: Union Oil Company of California
•
Filing: 1970-04-23
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Granted: 1972-07-25
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Expires: 1990-04-23
Abstract
Abstract Substituted pyridines are prepared by reacting an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and ammonia in a liquid medium containing a Group VIII noble metal catalyst in complex association with a biphyllic ligand at a temperature of 50* to 400* C. and a pressure of 5 to 300 atmospheres. A typical process comprises contacting ethylene, carbon monoxide and hydrogen with a liquid reaction medium containing ammonium hydroxide, rhodium trichloride and triphenylphosphine to produce 3,5-dimethyl, 2-ethyl pyridine.
Inventors
- 👤 Donald M Fenton
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 18:12
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07D; C07D213/00; C07D213/02; C07D213/04; C07D213/06; C07D213/08; C07D213/09; C07D213/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 in which the Group VIII noble metal is rhodium.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 1 in which the ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon is an alpha alkene having two to 18 carbons.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 3 in which the alkene is ethylene.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 1 in which the noble metal is supplied to the reaction medium as a salt soluble in the reaction medium to form said complex in situ.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 1 in which the biphyllic ligand is triphenylphosphine.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the catalyst is formed by adding rhodium trichloride to the reaction medium and wherein at least one of the R groups of said biphyllic ligand is phenyl.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
44 words
The process of claim 1 in which the reaction medium contains 0.001 to 10 weight percent of a bi- or tri-heterocyclic saturated amine having at least one nitrogen in the bridgehead position and having 2 to 10 carbons and 1 to 2 heterocyclic nitrogens.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 8 wherein said amine is bicyclic.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 9 in which the amine is 1,4-diazabicyclo(2.2.2)octane.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 9 wherein said catalyst is rhodium in complex association with triphenylphosphine.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 11 wherein said ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon is an alpha alkene having 2 to 18 carbons.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 12 wherein said alkene is ethylene.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3463781A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-07-25 | 1976-01-24 | 1976-07-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-07-25 | 1980-01-24 | 1980-07-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-07-25 | 1984-01-24 | 1984-07-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |