← Back to Patent Explorer
US3774589A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Self contained electrochemical heat source

Assignee: CHEM E WATT CORP
•
Filing: 1971-08-30
•
Granted: 1973-11-27
•
Expires: 1991-08-30
📄 Original PDF 🌐 Google Patents 🔄 Sync Now

Abstract

Abstract An electrochemical heat source is described wherein an electrochemical cell is provided with an electrical shorting member which is connected to the anode and cathode electrodes of the cell to enable the electric energy of the cell to be dissipated as heat. A safe non-toxic electrochemical heater for hair waving, hot compresses and similar uses is described wherein an anode in the form of a foil of aluminum or aluminum alloys is spaced by a non-conductive separator from an air depolarized activated carbon electrode. An electrolyte of a solution of table salt is employed to activate the heater. Various configurations and sandwich structures are described.

Inventors

  • 👤 F Kober

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-25 07:07
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61F; A61F7/00; A61F7/02; A61F7/03; A45; A45D; A45D2/00; A45D2/36; A47; A47J; A47J36/00; A47J36/24; A47J36/30; H; H01; H01M; H01M6/00; H01M6/30; H01M6/32; H05; H05B; H05B3/00; A61F2007/0059; A61F2007/006; A61F2007/0062; A61F7/007

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim 170 words
A self contained electrochemical heat source without electrical terminals comprising an electrochemical cell structure formed of a generally thin electrically conductive first member made of an electrochemically active oxidizable material and a generally thin electrically conductive second member made of an electrochemically active non-metallic reducible material, said first and second members having material for forming an ionically conductive electrolyte located therebetween, said first and second members being further selected for forming an electric heating current producing electrochemical couple capable upon electrical interconnection of the members of heating the electrochemical cell structure to a temperature which is sufficiently high for forming said self-contained heat source; and a multiple of discrete electronically conductive elements extending between the electrochemically active oxidizable first member and the electromechanically active reducible second member for electrical contact therewith, said electronically conductive elements being spaced and selected to conduct an electric heating current between the first oxidizable member and the second reducible member for a uniform heating of the electrochemical cell structure during activation of the electrochemical cell.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 170 words
A self contained electrochemical heat source without electrical terminals comprising an electrochemical cell structure formed of a generally thin electrically conductive first member made of an electrochemically active oxidizable material and a generally thin electrically conductive second member made of an electrochemically active non-metallic reducible material, said first and second members having material for forming an ionically conductive electrolyte located therebetween, said first and second members being further selected for forming an electric heating current producing electrochemical couple capable upon electrical interconnection of the members of heating the electrochemical cell structure to a temperature which is sufficiently high for forming said self-contained heat source; and a multiple of discrete electronically conductive elements extending between the electrochemically active oxidizable first member and the electromechanically active reducible second member for electrical contact therewith, said electronically conductive elements being spaced and selected to conduct an electric heating current between the first oxidizable member and the second reducible member for a uniform heating of the electrochemical cell structure during activation of the electrochemical cell.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 118 words
An electrical heating source comprising a sandwich shaped thin electrochemical cell structure including an anode and a cathode said anode being formed of a foil shaped material selected from the group consisting of aluminum, aluminum alloys, magnesium and magnesium alloys, said cathode being formed of an activated carbon depolarized air electrode, a non-conductive separator located between the anode and cathode; a multiple of discrete electrically conductive metal fastening elements pierced through the anode and cathode and electrically connected thereto to form a mechanically integral electrochemical cell structure; said metal fastening elements being spaced from each other and selectively sized to further provide a desired conversion rate of electrochemical energy into heat upon electrolyte activation of the cell structure.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 118 words
An electrical heating source comprising a sandwich shaped thin electrochemical cell structure including an anode and a cathode said anode being formed of a foil shaped material selected from the group consisting of aluminum, aluminum alloys, magnesium and magnesium alloys, said cathode being formed of an activated carbon depolarized air electrode, a non-conductive separator located between the anode and cathode; a multiple of discrete electrically conductive metal fastening elements pierced through the anode and cathode and electrically connected thereto to form a mechanically integral electrochemical cell structure; said metal fastening elements being spaced from each other and selectively sized to further provide a desired conversion rate of electrochemical energy into heat upon electrolyte activation of the cell structure.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 38 words
The electric heating source as claimed in claim 2 wherein said electrochemical cell further includes an electrolyte material formed of table salt to provide an ionizable table salt electrolyte upon the addition of water to the electrochemical cell.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 47 words
The electrochemical heat source as claimed in claim 1 wherein the electronically conductive elements are in the form of mechanical metal fasteners extending through the oxidizable first member and the reducible second member to fasten hereto and retain the electrochemical cell into a thin sandwich shaped structure.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 55 words
The electrochemical heat source as claimed in claim 1 wherein the electronically conductive elements are metallic conductors extending through the first and second members to electrically connect thereto and form a corresponding number of generally uniformly distributed discrete shorting points between the first and second members for a uniform heating of the electrochemical cell structure.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 188 words
A self contained electrochemical heating source comprising an electrochemical cell structure formed of a generally thin electrically conductive first member made of an electrochemically active oxidizable material and a generally thin electrically conductive second member made of an electrochemically active non-metallic reducible maTerial, said first and second members being selected to provide a substantial electrochemical driving voltage to convert electrochemical energy to heat, said first and second members being further selected for forming an electric heating current producing electrochemical couple capable upon electrical interconnection of the members of heating the electrochemical cell structure to a temperature which is sufficiently high for forming said self-contained heat source, a porous non-conductive separator interposed between the first and second members and formed of a material selected to retain an electrolyte, a plurality of discrete electronically conductive elements in contact with the first and second members for electrical contact therewith, said elements being spaced and selected to conduct a controlled electric heating current between the first oxidizable member and the second reducible member upon the introduction of an electrolyte into the porous separator to enable an electric heating of the sandwich structure.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 188 words
A self contained electrochemical heating source comprising an electrochemical cell structure formed of a generally thin electrically conductive first member made of an electrochemically active oxidizable material and a generally thin electrically conductive second member made of an electrochemically active non-metallic reducible maTerial, said first and second members being selected to provide a substantial electrochemical driving voltage to convert electrochemical energy to heat, said first and second members being further selected for forming an electric heating current producing electrochemical couple capable upon electrical interconnection of the members of heating the electrochemical cell structure to a temperature which is sufficiently high for forming said self-contained heat source, a porous non-conductive separator interposed between the first and second members and formed of a material selected to retain an electrolyte, a plurality of discrete electronically conductive elements in contact with the first and second members for electrical contact therewith, said elements being spaced and selected to conduct a controlled electric heating current between the first oxidizable member and the second reducible member upon the introduction of an electrolyte into the porous separator to enable an electric heating of the sandwich structure.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 31 words
The electrochemical heating source as claimed in claim 6 wherein the discrete electronically conductive elements are structured to mechanically fasten the first and second members into a thin sandwich shaped structure.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 43 words
The electrochemical heating source as claimed in claim 7 wherein said first and second conductive members are formed with conductive peripheral segments extending outwardly from the porous separator, and with discrete electrically conductive elements being located to extend through said extending peripheral segments.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 41 words
The electrochemical heating source as claimed in claim 6 wherein said elements are formed of electrically conductive metal fasteners operatively applied through said first and second members and said separator to retain the sandwich structure relationship and provide said electrical heating.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 24 words
The electrochemical heating source as claimed in claim 6 wherein said discrete elements are metal staples extending through the first and second conducting members.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

CA478101A Cited
US2040255A Cited
US2744863A Cited
US3043898A Cited
US3207149A Cited
US3260661A Cited
US3307997A Cited
US3589945A Cited
US3600233A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1976-11-26 1977-05-28 1977-11-27 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1980-11-26 1981-05-28 1981-11-27 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1984-11-26 1985-05-28 1985-11-27 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

Assigned Categories & Tags

No categories assigned to this patent yet.

Assign Category Tag