US3786492A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Compensation apparatus and method
Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corp
•
Filing: 1972-07-05
•
Granted: 1974-01-15
•
Expires: 1992-07-05
Abstract
Abstract A Compensation apparatus and method which provides either gain, lead, lag or lead-lag compensation utilizing a single step of integration. An error signal generated as the difference between the applied signal and the output of an integrator serves as the input to a variable gain stage. The output of the variable gain stage is the input to the integrator. Lead and lag jumpers selectively connect the outputs of the variable gain stage and the integrator, respectively, to the inputs of an output summer. The lead time constant is determined by the time constant of the integrator and the lag time constant is equal to the lead time constant divided by the gain of the variable gain stage. Gain compensation is obtained by utilizing both the lead and lag jumpers and setting the variable gain to unity. The hybrid network combines a digital integrator having an extended range of easily selectable time constants with analog gain and summing circuits.
Inventors
- 👤 J Carleton
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 08:33
CPC Classifications
H; H03; H03G; H03G3/00; H03G3/20; H03G3/30; G; G06; G06J; G06J1/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
130 words
A hybrid compensation network for applying electrical compensation to an applied signal comprising: an error signal generator having the applied signal connected to one input, a gain stage for applying gain to the output of the error signal generator, a feedback loop including a digital integrator connected between the output of the gain stage and the error signal generator, the output of said digital integrator being summed in opposition to the applied signal, a lead terminal connected to the output of the gain stage, and a lag terminal connected to the output of the digital integrator whereby a signal which leads the applied signal in phase may be extracted at the lead terminal and a signal which lags the input signal in phase may be extracted at the lag terminal.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
130 words
A hybrid compensation network for applying electrical compensation to an applied signal comprising: an error signal generator having the applied signal connected to one input, a gain stage for applying gain to the output of the error signal generator, a feedback loop including a digital integrator connected between the output of the gain stage and the error signal generator, the output of said digital integrator being summed in opposition to the applied signal, a lead terminal connected to the output of the gain stage, and a lag terminal connected to the output of the digital integrator whereby a signal which leads the applied signal in phase may be extracted at the lead terminal and a signal which lags the input signal in phase may be extracted at the lag terminal.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus of claim 1 including means for adjusting the time constant of the digital integrator.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
96 words
The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the digital integrator includes: a voltage-to-pulse converter operative to generate pulses at a frequency proportional to the magnitude of the output signal of the gain stage, a digital counter for accumulating a count of said pulses, and a digital-to-pulse converter for generating a voltage signal proportional to the accumulated count in said digital counter, said combination wherein the means for adjusting the time constant of said digital integrator includes means for adjusting the frequency of the pulses applied to the digital counter for a given input voltage to the integrator.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
54 words
The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the means for adjusting the frequency of the pulses applied to the digital counter comprises a count divider connected between the voltage-to-pulse converter and the digital counter, said count divider being operative to divide down the pulses generated by the voltage-to-pulse converter in steps over an extended range.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
The apparatus of claim 1 including means for adjusting the gain of the gain stage.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
41 words
The apparatus of claim 1 including a summer, means connecting the lead terminal to one input of the summer, means counting the lag terminal to another input to the summer and a lead-lag terminal connected to the output of the summer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparats of claim 6 wherein the gain of the gain stage is adjustable between a value which is less than unity and a value which is more than unity.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus of claim 7 including means for setting the gain of the gain stage to unity whereby the signal appearing at the lead-lag terminal will be a gain function of the applied signal.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
The apparatus of claim 7 including means for adjusting the time constant of the intergrator.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
104 words
A compensation network for applying compensation to an applied signal comprising: an error signal generator having the applied signal connected to a first input, a gain stage connected to the output of the error signal generator, an integrator having its input connected to the output of the gain stage and having its output connected to the error signal generator for summing in opposition to the input signal, a summer having a first input connected to the output of the variable gain stage and a second input connected to the output of the integrator, and an output terminal connected to the output of the summer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
104 words
A compensation network for applying compensation to an applied signal comprising: an error signal generator having the applied signal connected to a first input, a gain stage connected to the output of the error signal generator, an integrator having its input connected to the output of the gain stage and having its output connected to the error signal generator for summing in opposition to the input signal, a summer having a first input connected to the output of the variable gain stage and a second input connected to the output of the integrator, and an output terminal connected to the output of the summer.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
38 words
The apparatus of claim 10 including means for disconnecting the output of the integrator from the second input of said summer whereby the signal appearing at the output terminal will be a lead function of the applied signal.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
39 words
The apparatus of claim 10 including means for disconnecting the output of the gain stage from the first input to the summer whereby the signal appearing at the output terminal will be a lag function of the applied signal.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
The apparatus of claim 10 including a scaling amplifier having the applied signal connected to its input and having its output connected to said first input of the error signal generator.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
127 words
A compensation network for applying compensation to an applied signal comprising: an error signal generator having the applied signal connected to one input, a gain stage connected to the output of the error signal generator, an integrator having its input connected to the output of the gain stage and having its output connected to the error signal generator for summing in opposition to the applied signal, a summer having first and second inputs and an output at which a signal is generated which is the algebraic sum of signals applied to its inputs, means for selectively connecting the output of the gain stage to said first input of said summer, and means for selectively connecting the output of the integrator to said second input of said summer.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
127 words
A compensation network for applying compensation to an applied signal comprising: an error signal generator having the applied signal connected to one input, a gain stage connected to the output of the error signal generator, an integrator having its input connected to the output of the gain stage and having its output connected to the error signal generator for summing in opposition to the applied signal, a summer having first and second inputs and an output at which a signal is generated which is the algebraic sum of signals applied to its inputs, means for selectively connecting the output of the gain stage to said first input of said summer, and means for selectively connecting the output of the integrator to said second input of said summer.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
The apparatus of claim 14 including means for adjusting the time constants in the network.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the means for adjusting the time constants in the network include means for varying the gain of the gain stage.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the means for adjusting the time constants in the network include means for adjusting the time constant of the integrator.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
55 words
A method of applying compensation to an applied signal comprising the steps of: summing the applied signal in opposition to a feedback signal to generate an error signal, integrating the error signal with respect to time to generate the feedback signal, and adding the error signal and the feedback signal to generate the compensated signal.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
55 words
A method of applying compensation to an applied signal comprising the steps of: summing the applied signal in opposition to a feedback signal to generate an error signal, integrating the error signal with respect to time to generate the feedback signal, and adding the error signal and the feedback signal to generate the compensated signal.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 18 including the step of applying gain to the error signal before it is integrated and before it is added to the feedback signal.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 19 including the step of selecting the time constant of the integrating step.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 20 including the step of selecting the magnitude of the gain applied to the error signal.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
64 words
A method of applying compensation to an applied signal including the steps of: summing the applied signal in opposition to a feedback signal to generate an error signal, applying gain to the error signal to generate an amplified error signal, integrating the amplified error signal to generate the feedback signal, and selecting from the amplified error signal and the feedback signal the output signal.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
64 words
A method of applying compensation to an applied signal including the steps of: summing the applied signal in opposition to a feedback signal to generate an error signal, applying gain to the error signal to generate an amplified error signal, integrating the amplified error signal to generate the feedback signal, and selecting from the amplified error signal and the feedback signal the output signal.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
77 words
The method of claim 22 including the step of digitally integrating the amplified error signal and varying the time constant of the integration by the steps of: converting the amplified error signal to a pulse signal having a frequency proportional to the magnitude of the amplified error signal, selectively dividing doWn the pulses generated in steps over an extended range, accumulating a count of the divided down pulses, and, converting the accumulated count to a voltage signal.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 23 including the step of varying the conversion ratio in converting the amplified error signal to pulses.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3678500A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-01-14 | 1977-07-16 | 1978-01-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-01-14 | 1981-07-16 | 1982-01-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-01-14 | 1985-07-16 | 1986-01-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |