US3897582A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Braking elements
Assignee: Atlantic Research Corp
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Filing: 1973-01-26
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Granted: 1975-07-29
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Expires: 1993-01-26
Abstract
Abstract Frictional braking elements comprising: 1. A PYROLYTIC GRAPHITE MICROCOMPOSITE COMPRISING PYROLYTIC GRAPHITE CRYSTALLITES CONTAINING EMBEDDED THEREIN CODEPOSITED CRYSTALS OF REFRACTORY CARBIDE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SILICON, ZIRCONIUM, HAFNIUM, TITANIUM, TANTALUM, AND NIOBIUM, AND MIXTURES THEREOF. SiC, ZrC, and HfC are preferred. Particularly preferred are microcomposites comprising pyrolytic graphite crystallites containing embedded therein codeposited aciculae of crystalline silicon carbide, the longitudinal axes of the aciculae being aligned in the c-direction relative to the a-b plane of the associated pyrolytic graphite crystallite; and 2. A MATRIX COMPRISING THE PYROLYTIC GRAPHITE MICROCOMPOSITE OF (1) CONTAINING EMBEDDED THEREIN AT LEAST ONE REINFORCING REFRACTORY STRAND LAYER COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF UNIDIRECTIONAL, SUBSTANTIALLY PARALLEL, LATERALLY-SPACED, INDIVIDUAL, CONTINUOUS REFRACTORY STRANDS. The microcomposite matrix is nucleated from each of the individual refractory strands and interconnected to form a continuous matrix phase surrounding and interconnecting the individual strands comprising the embedded strand layer.
Inventors
- 👤 Eugene L Olcott
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 12:29
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B35/00; C04B35/71; C04B35/78; C04B35/80; C04B35/83; C01; C01B; C01B32/00; C04B35/515; C04B35/52; C04B35/522; C04B35/56; C04B35/565; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/24; Y10T428/24132; Y10T428/249921; Y10T428/249922; Y10T428/249924; Y10T428/249928; Y10T428/249929; Y10T428/25; Y10T428/259; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2991; Y10T428/2993; Y10T428/30
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 51
Claim 1
Independent Claim
69 words
A FRICTIONAL BRAKING ELEMENT COMPRISING A PYROLYTIC GRAPHITE MICROCOMPOSITE COMPRISING PYROLYTIC GRAPHITE CRYSTALLITE LAYERS CONTAINING EMBEDDED THEREIN, IN AN AMOUNT COMPRISING ABOUT 5% TO 95% BY VOLUME OF SAID MICROCOMPOSITE, CODEPOSITED, DISPERSED CRYSTALS OF A REFRACTORY CARBIDE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SILICON, ZIRCONIUM, HAFNIUM, TITANIUM, TANTALUM, AND NIOBIUM CARBIDE, AND MIXTURES THEREOF, SAID ELEMENT COMPRISING SAID CIROCOMPOSITE BEING SHAPED IN THE FORM OF A FRICTIONAL BRAKING ELEMENT.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
69 words
A FRICTIONAL BRAKING ELEMENT COMPRISING A PYROLYTIC GRAPHITE MICROCOMPOSITE COMPRISING PYROLYTIC GRAPHITE CRYSTALLITE LAYERS CONTAINING EMBEDDED THEREIN, IN AN AMOUNT COMPRISING ABOUT 5% TO 95% BY VOLUME OF SAID MICROCOMPOSITE, CODEPOSITED, DISPERSED CRYSTALS OF A REFRACTORY CARBIDE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SILICON, ZIRCONIUM, HAFNIUM, TITANIUM, TANTALUM, AND NIOBIUM CARBIDE, AND MIXTURES THEREOF, SAID ELEMENT COMPRISING SAID CIROCOMPOSITE BEING SHAPED IN THE FORM OF A FRICTIONAL BRAKING ELEMENT.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The frictional braking element of claim 1 wherein the refractory carbide is selected from the group consisting of silicon carbide, zirconium carbide, hafnium carbide and mixtures thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
47 words
The frictional braking element of claim 2 wherein the refractory carbide is silicon carbide in the form of crystalline aciculae, the longitudinal axes of said aciculae being aligned in the c-direction relative to the a-b pLane of the associated pyrolytic graphite crystallites at the point of embedment.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The frictional braking element of claim 2 wherein the element is a brake disc.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The frictional braking element of claim 3 wherein the element is a brake disc.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
The frictional braking element of claim 2 wherein the element is a brake shoe liner.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
The frictional braking element of claim 3 wherein the element is a brake shoe liner.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
71 words
The frictional braking element of claim 1 wherein said microcomposite is a matrix containing embedded therein at least one reinforcing strand layer, said strand layer comprising a plurality of unidirectional and substantially parallel, laterally-spaced, individual, continuous, refractory strands, said matrix being nucleated from each of said strands and interconnected to form a continuous matrix phase surrounding and interconnecting each of said individual strands comprising said embedded at least one strand layer.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The frictional braking element of claim 8 wherein the refractory carbide is selected from the group consisting of silicon carbide, zirconium carbide, hafnium carbide and mixtures thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
47 words
The frictional braking element of claim 9 wherein the refractory carbide is silicon carbide in the form of crystalline aciculae, the longitudinal axes of said aciculae being aligned in the c-direction relative to the a-b plane of the associated pyrolytic graphite crystallites at the point of embedment.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
The frictional braking element of claim 9 wherein said at least one reinforcing strand layer comprises a plurality of layers.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
The frictional braking element of claim 10 wherein said at least one reinforcing strand layer comprises a plurality of layers.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
35 words
The frictional braking element of claim 9 wherein the refractory strands are made of a material selected from the group consisting of carbon, metals and alloys thereof, carbides, borides, nitrides, and oxides, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
35 words
The frictional braking element of claim 10 wherein the refractory strands are made of a material selected from the group consisting of carbon, metals and alloys thereof, carbides, borides, nitrides, and oxides, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
35 words
The frictional braking element of claim 11 wherein the refractory strands are made of a material selected from the group consisting of carbon, metals and alloys thereof, carbides, borides, nitrides, and oxides, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
35 words
The frictional braking element of claim 12 wherein the refractory strands are made of a material selected from the group consisting of carbon, metals and alloys thereof, carbides, borides, nitrides, and oxides, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The frictional braking element of claim 15 wherein the refractory strand is carbon.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The frictional braking element of claim 16 wherein the refractory strand is carbon.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The frictional braking element of claim 15 wherein the refractory strand is silicon carbide.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
The frictional braking element of claim 16 wherein the refractory strand is silicon carbide.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
The frictional braking element of claim 11 wherein the element is a brake disc.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
The frictional braking element of claim 12 wherein the element is a brake disc.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
The frictional braking element of claim 13 wherein the element is a brake disc.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
14 words
The frictional braking element of claim 14 wherein the element is a brake disc.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
The frictional braking element of claim 15 wherein the element is a brake disc.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
14 words
The frictional braking element of claim 16 wherein the element is a brake disc.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
14 words
The frictional braking element of claim 17 wherein the element is a brake disc.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
14 words
The frictional braking element of claim 18 wherein the element is a brake disc.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
14 words
The frictional braking element of claim 19 wherein the element is a brake disc.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
14 words
The frictional braking element of claim 20 wherein the element is a brake disc.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
15 words
The frictional braking element of claim 11 wherein the element is a brake shoe Liner.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
15 words
The frictional braking element of claim 12 wherein the element is a brake shoe liner.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
15 words
The frictional braking element of claim 13 wherein the element is a brake show liner.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
15 words
The frictional braking element of claim 14 wherein the element is a brake shoe liner.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
15 words
The frictional braking element of claim 15 wherein the element is a brake shoe liner.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
15 words
The frictional braking element of claim 16 wherein the element is a brake shoe liner.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
15 words
The frictional braking element of claim 17 wherein the element is a brake shoe liner.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
15 words
The frictional braking element of claim 18 wherein the element is a brake shoe liner.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
15 words
The frictional braking element of claim 19 wherein the element is a brake shoe liner.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
15 words
The frictional braking element of claim 20 wherein the element is a brake shoe liner.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
21 words
The frictional braking element of claim 1 wherein the refractory carbide comprises about 10 to 50% by volume of said microcomposite.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
21 words
The frictional braking element of claim 2 wherein the refractory carbide comprises about 10 to 50% by volume of said microcomposite.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
21 words
The frictional braking element of claim 3 wherein the refractory carbide comprises about 10 to 50% by volume of said microcomposite.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
21 words
The frictional braking element of claim 4 wherein the refractory carbide comprises about 10 to 50% by volume of said microcomposite.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
21 words
The frictional braking element of claim 5 wherein the refractory carbide comprises about 10 to 50% by volume of said microcomposite.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
21 words
The frictional braking element of claim 6 wherein the refractory carbide comprises about 10 to 50% by volume of said microcomposite.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
21 words
The frictional braking element of claim 7 wherein the refractory carbide comprises about 10 to 50% by volume of said microcomposite.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
21 words
The frictional braking element of claim 8 wherein the refractory carbide comprises about 10 to 50% by volume of said microcomposite.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
21 words
The frictional braking element of claim 9 wherein the refractory carbide comprises about 10 to 50% by volume of said microcomposite.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
21 words
The frictional braking element of claim 10 wherein the refractory carbide comprises about 10 to 50% by volume of said microcomposite.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-07-28 | 1979-01-27 | 1979-07-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-07-28 | 1983-01-27 | 1983-07-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-07-28 | 1987-01-27 | 1987-07-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |