Pollution control apparatus and method

Claim 2

A PROCESS HAVING A PRESSURE DROP OF ABOUT 0.4 TO 8 INCHES OF WATER FOR REMOVING PARTICULATE MATTER FROM POLLUTANT CONTAINING INDUSTRIAL EFFLUVIA GAS STREAMS COMPRISING PASSING SAID GAS STREAM HAVING PARTICULATE MATTER THEREIN THROUGH THE ENTRY OF A NOZZLE; ACCELERATING THE GAS STREAM THROUGH THE ENTRY PORTION OF SAIS NOZZLE HAVING A MEAN ANGLE OF CONVERGENCE OF ABOUT 40* TO 8* PROVIDING OUTLET VELOCITIES OF ABOUT 2 TO 12 TIMES THE ENTRANCE VELOCITY; PASSING SAID PARTICULATE-CONTAINING GAS STREAM FROM THE NOZZLE OUTLET THROUGH AN EXPANSION ZONE DECELERATING THE GAS, SAID ACCELERATING AND DECELERATION OF THE GAS STREAM CAUSING PARTICULATES TO AGGLOMERATE; IMPINGING SAID AGGLOMERATES PARTICULATES UPON AN IMPINGEMENT MEANS OF A FIXED CONCAVE IMPERFORATE SURFACE HAVING A WATER STREAM PROVIDED ACROSS SAID SURFACE, THEREBY SEPARATING SAID PARTICULATES AND AGGLOMERATES FROM SAID GAS STREAM, SAID NOZZLE OUTLET HAVING A DIAMETER ABOUT 0.5 TO 0.7 TIMES THE DISTANCE FROM SAID OUTLET TO SAID IMPINGEMENT MEANS; REMOVING SAID PARTICULATES AND AGGLOMERATES FROM THE EXPANSION ZONE; AND SEPARATELY REMOVING CLARIFIED GAS FROM THE EXPANSION ZONE.

Claim 3

The process of claim 1 wherein said gas stream is at a velocity of about 15 to 175 feet per second upon entry to said nozzle.

Claim 4

The process of claim 1 wherein said outlet velocity is about 3 to 5 times the entrance velocity.

Claim 5

The process of claim 1 wherein liquid spray is introduced to said gas stream having particulate matter therein, prior to entry of a nozzle.

Claim 6

The process of claim 1 wherein particulates and agglomerates are removed from said expansion zone by water sprays.

Claim 7

The process of claim 1 wherein said clarified gas upon removal from said expansion zone passes through a de-misting means.

Claim 8

The process of claim 1 wherein said gas stream is passed through multiple nozzles.

Claim 9

The process of claim 1 wherein said particulates are different sized particles and the acceleration and deceleration of said gas stream induces differential accelerations and differential decelerations to the different sized particles thereby inducing differential velocities of the particles causing high agglomeration of said particles.

Claim 10

In an apparatus having a pressure drop about 0.4 to 8 inches of water for removing particulate matter from pollutant containing industrial effluvia gas streams: a chamber defining a gas expansion zone; a nozzle having an entry at one end and an outlet at the other end, said entry being in communication with a gas stream having undesired particulate matter entrained therein and said outlet being in communication with said gas expansion zone, said entry having an effective cross-sectional area of about 2 to 12 times the effective cross-sectional area of said outlet and the mean angle of convergence of said nozzle means being in the range of about 4* to 8*; impingement means of a fixed concave imperforate surface having a water stream provided across said surface in said expansion zone opposite said nozzle outlet at a distance from said outlet to insure impingement thereon of substantially all particulate matter entrained in the gas stream passing from said nozzle outlet after expansion of the gas stream in said chamber reducing the gas velocity, said nozzle outlet having a diameter about 0.5 to 0.7 times said distance from said outlet to said impingement means; means for removing particultate matter from the expansion zone; and means for removing the clarified gas from the upper portion of the expansion zone.

Claim 11

In an apparatus having a pressure drop about 0.4 to 8 inches of water for removing particulate matter from pollutant containing industrial effluvia gas streams: a chamber defining a gas expansion zone; a nozzle having an entry at one end and an outlet at the other end, said entry being in communication with a gas stream having undesired particulate matter entrained therein and said outlet being in communication with said gas expansion zone, said entry having an effective cross-sectional area of about 2 to 12 times the effective cross-sectional area of said outlet and the mean angle of convergence of said nozzle means being in the range of about 4* to 8*; impingement means of a fixed concave imperforate surface having a water stream provided across said surface in said expansion zone opposite said nozzle outlet at a distance from said outlet to insure impingement thereon of substantially all particulate matter entrained in the gas stream passing from said nozzle outlet after expansion of the gas stream in said chamber reducing the gas velocity, said nozzle outlet having a diameter about 0.5 to 0.7 times said distance from said outlet to said impingement means; means for removing particultate matter from the expansion zone; and means for removing the clarified gas from the upper portion of the expansion zone.

Claim 12

The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said entry has an effective cross-sectional area of about 3 to 5 times the effective cross-sectional area of said outlet.

Claim 13

The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said mean angle of convergence is about 5.5* to 6.5*.

Claim 14

The apparatus of claim 9 having a liquid spray means in said gas stream ahead of said nozzle entry and directed toward said nozzle entry.

Claim 15

The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said means for removing the clarified gas stream from the expansion zone comprises a de-misting means.