High temperature hydroconversion without incompatibles formation

Claim 2

In a process for the demetallization and conversion of the 1050° F.+ materials of a heavy metals containing hydrocarbon feed to 1050° F.- material by contacting said feed, in the presence of added hydrogen, with a catalyst characterized as comprising a composite of from about 5 to about 30 percent of a Group VIB metal, or compound thereof, from about 1 to about 12 percent of a Group VIII metal, or compound thereof, or admixture of said Group VIB and Group VIII metals, or compounds thereof, and a porous inorganc oxide support, at severity sufficient to convert at least about 30 percent of the 1050° F.+ material to 1050° F.- material, while removing at least about 80 percent of the heavy metals from the feed, the improvement comprising initiating the reaction at a preselected temperature within a range of from about 775° F. to about 825° F. sufficient to convert the 1050° F.+ materials, but insufficient to form a significant amount of incompatible materials, and continuing the conversion throughout the operating period to end-of-run at essentially the same temperature.

Claim 3

The process of claim 1 wherein the temperature of operation ranges between about 795° F. and about 805° F. from start-of-run to end-of-run.

Claim 4

The process of claim 2 wherein the temperature deviation ranges no more than about ±5° F. during the operation.

Claim 5

In a process for the demetallization and conversion of the 1050° F.+ materials of a heavy metals containing hydrocarbon feed to 1050° F.- material by contacting said feed, in the presence of added hydrogen, with a catalyst characterized as comprising a composite of from about 5 to about 30 percent of a Group VIB metal, or compound thereof, from about 1 to about 12 percent of a Group VIII metal, or compound thereof, or admixture of said Group VIB and Group VIII metals, or compounds thereof, and a porous inorganic oxide support, said catalyst including a combination of properties comprising, when the catalyst is of size ranging up to 1/50 inch average particle size diameter, at least about 20 percent of its total pore volume of absolute diameter within the range of about 100A to about 200A; when the catalyst is of size ranging from about 1/50 inch up to 1/25 inch average particle size diameter, at least about 15 percent of its total pore volume of absolute diameter within the range of about 150A to about 250A; when the catalyst is of size ranging from about 1/25 inch to about 1/8 inch average particle size diameter, at least about 15 percent of its total pore volume of absolute diameter within the range of about 175A to about 275A; a surface area ranging at least about 200 m 2 /g to about 600 m 2 /g and a pore volume ranging from about 0.8 cc/g to about 3.0 cc/g, at severity sufficient to convert at least about 30 percent of the 1050° F.+ material to 1050° F.- material, while removing at least about 80 percent of the heavy metals from the feed, the improvement comprising initiating the reaction at a preselected temperature within a range of from about 775° F. to about 825° F. sufficient to convert the 1050° F.+ materials, but insufficient to form a significant amount of incompatible materials, and continuing the conversion throughout the operating period to end-of-run at essentially the same temperature.

Claim 6

In a process for the demetallization and conversion of the 1050° F.+ materials of a heavy metals containing hydrocarbon feed to 1050° F.- material by contacting said feed, in the presence of added hydrogen, with a catalyst characterized as comprising a composite of from about 5 to about 30 percent of a Group VIB metal, or compound thereof, from about 1 to about 12 percent of a Group VIII metal, or compound thereof, or admixture of said Group VIB and Group VIII metals, or compounds thereof, and a porous inorganic oxide support, said catalyst including a combination of properties comprising, when the catalyst is of size ranging up to 1/50 inch average particle size diameter, at least about 20 percent of its total pore volume of absolute diameter within the range of about 100A to about 200A; when the catalyst is of size ranging from about 1/50 inch up to 1/25 inch average particle size diameter, at least about 15 percent of its total pore volume of absolute diameter within the range of about 150A to about 250A; when the catalyst is of size ranging from about 1/25 inch to about 1/8 inch average particle size diameter, at least about 15 percent of its total pore volume of absolute diameter within the range of about 175A to about 275A; a surface area ranging at least about 200 m 2 /g to about 600 m 2 /g and a pore volume ranging from about 0.8 cc/g to about 3.0 cc/g, at severity sufficient to convert at least about 30 percent of the 1050° F.+ material to 1050° F.- material, while removing at least about 80 percent of the heavy metals from the feed, the improvement comprising initiating the reaction at a preselected temperature within a range of from about 775° F. to about 825° F. sufficient to convert the 1050° F.+ materials, but insufficient to form a significant amount of incompatible materials, and continuing the conversion throughout the operating period to end-of-run at essentially the same temperature.

Claim 7

The process of claim 4 wherein the temperature of operation ranges from about 795° F. to about 805° F. from start-of-run to end-of-run.

Claim 8

The process of claim 5 wherein the temperature deviation ranges no more than about ±5° F. during the operation.

Claim 9

The process of claim 4 wherein the catalyst is further characterized as including, when the catalyst is of size ranging up to 1/50 inch average particle size diameter, at least about 25 percent of its total pore volume of absolute diameter within the range of about 100A to about 200A; when the catalyst is of size ranging from about 1/50 inch up to 1/25 inch average particle size diameter, at least about 20 percent of its total pore volume of absolute diameter within the range of about 150A to about 250A; when the catalyst is of size ranging from about 1/25 inch to about 1/8 inch average particle size diameter, at least about 20 percent of its total pore volume of absolute diameter within the range of about 175A to about 275A; surface areas ranging at least about 200 m 2 /g to about 600 m 2 /g, with pore volumes ranging from about 0.8 to about 3.0 cc/g (B.E.T.).

Claim 10

The process of claim 4 wherein the catalyst is further characterized as including, when the catalyst is of size ranging up to 1/50 inch average particle size diameter, at least about 70 percent of its total pore volume of absolute diameter within the range of about 100A to about 200A; when the catalyst is of size ranging from about 1/50 inch up to 1/25 inch average particle size diameter, at least about 45 percent of its total pore volume of absolute diameter within the range of about 150A to about 250A; when the catalyst is of size ranging from about 1/25 inch to about 1/8 inch average particle size diameter, at least about 30 percent of its total pore volume of absolute diameter within the range of about 175A to about 275A; surface areas ranging at least about 250 m 2 /g to about 450 m 2 /g, with pore volumes ranging from about 1.1 to about 2.3 cc/g (B.E.T.).

Claim 11

The process of claim 4 wherein the catalyst is further characterized as including ______________________________________ Distribution of Pore Diameters ______________________________________ 1/500 up to 1/50" 0-50A <20% 100-200A >20% 300A+ <30% Pore Volume, cc/g 0.8-1.4 Surface Area, m.sup.2 /g 300-450 1/50 up to 1/25" O-50A <10% 150-250A >15% 350A+ <35% Pore Volume, cc/g 1.1-1.7 Surface Area, m.sup.2 /g 320-475 1/25 up to 1/8" 0-50A <5% 175-275A >15% 350A+ <40% Pore Volume, cc/g 1.3-1.9 Surface Area, m.sup.2 /g 340-500 ______________________________________

Claim 12

The process of claim 4 wherein the catalyst is further characterized as including ______________________________________ Distribution of Pore Diameters ______________________________________ 1/500 up to 1/50" 0-50A <10% 100-200A >25% 300A+ <25% Pore Volume, cc/g 0.9-1.5 Surface Area, m.sup.2 /g 310-500 1/50 up to 1/25" 0-50A <5% 150-250A >20% 350A+ <30% Pore Volume, cc/g 1.3-1.9 Surface Area, m.sup.2 /g 340-575 1/25 up to 1/8" 0-50A <4% 175-275A >20% 350 A+ <35% Pore Volume, cc/g 1.5-2.1 Surface Area, m.sup.2 /g 350-600 ______________________________________

Claim 13

The process of claim 4 wherein the catalyst is further characterized as including ______________________________________ Distribution of Pore Diameters ______________________________________ 1/500 up to 1/50" 0-50A <2% 100-200A >70% 300A+ <1% Pore Volume, cc/g 1.1-1.7 Surface Area, m.sup.2 /g 325-550 1/50 up to 1/25" 0-50A <1% 150-250A >45% 350A+ <7% Pore Volume, cc/g 1.5-2.1 Surface Area, m.sup.2 /g 360-600 1/25 up to 1/8" 0-50A <3% 175-275A >30% 350A+ <25% Pore Volume, cc/g 1.8-2.3 Surface Area, m.sup.2 /g 370-650 ______________________________________