US4022676A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Alkaline bright zinc electroplating bath
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1976-04-08
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Granted: 1977-05-10
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Expires: 1996-04-08
Abstract
Abstract Brightening agents for alkaline zincate electroplating baths; either cyanide or non-cyanide-containing; are disclosed. The brighteners are polymers characterized by recurrent units of an alkylene amine wherein nitrogen atoms are bound to an aliphatic sulfoxylated group having the formula:
Inventors
- 👤 Francine Popescu
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 12:31
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/22
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
134 words
In an electrolytic alkaline bath for electrodepositing bright zinc and comprising an aqueous solution of an alkaline zincate, the improvement which comprises: a polymer characterized by recurrent units of an alkylene amine wherein nitrogen atoms are bound to an aliphatic sulfoxylated group having the following formula: --R.sub.1 --SO.sub.3 M where R 1 is selected from the group consisting of a lower alkylene group, a hydroxy substituted lower alkylene group, a lower alkyl substituted lower alkylene group, a lower alkoxy substituted lower alkylene group, a lower alkoxy substituted lower alkene group; where M is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal, zinc, and ammonium; where "lower" means having from one to four carbon atoms; and where said polymer is present in an effective concentration to produce bright, ductile, uniform, non-blistering zinc deposits.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
134 words
In an electrolytic alkaline bath for electrodepositing bright zinc and comprising an aqueous solution of an alkaline zincate, the improvement which comprises: a polymer characterized by recurrent units of an alkylene amine wherein nitrogen atoms are bound to an aliphatic sulfoxylated group having the following formula: --R.sub.1 --SO.sub.3 M where R 1 is selected from the group consisting of a lower alkylene group, a hydroxy substituted lower alkylene group, a lower alkyl substituted lower alkylene group, a lower alkoxy substituted lower alkylene group, a lower alkoxy substituted lower alkene group; where M is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal, zinc, and ammonium; where "lower" means having from one to four carbon atoms; and where said polymer is present in an effective concentration to produce bright, ductile, uniform, non-blistering zinc deposits.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
The bath as defined in claim 1 wherein said concentration is about 0.1-50 grams per liter.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
17 words
The bath as defined in claim 1 wherein said polymer has a molecular weight of about 400-100,000.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
The bath as defined in claim 1 wherein said polymer has a molecular weight of about 700 and R 1 is --CH 2 --CH(OH)--CH 2 --.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
The bath as defined in claim 1 wherein R 1 is --CH 2 --CH 2 --CH 2 --.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
The bath as defined in claim 1 wherein R 1 is --CH 2 --CH 2 --CH 2 --CH 2 --.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The bath as defined in claim 1 wherein R 1 is --CH 2 --CH 2 --.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The bath as defined in claim 1 wherein R 1 is --CH=CH--CH 2 --.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The bath as defined in claim 1 wherein R 1 is --C.tbd.C--CH 2 --.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
30 words
The bath as defined in claim 1 wherein said polymer is the reaction product of a polyalkylene amine with a compound selected from the group consisting of epihalohydrin and dihalohydrin.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
The bath as defined in claim 1 and additionally comprising about 0.05 -5 grams per liter of an aromatic adehyde.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
The bath as defined in claim 1 which additionally comprises about 0.05-5 grams per liter of sodium polyacrylate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The bath as defined in claim 1 which additionally comprises about 0.05-3 grams per liter of the compound: ##STR7##
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
34 words
The bath as defined in claim 1 wherein said concentration is about 0.1-50 grams per liter; said polymer has a molecular weight of about 400-100,000; and wherein R 1 is a lower alkylene group.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
79 words
The bath as defined in claim 1 wherein said polymer is a polyalkyleneimine reacted with a sulfoxyalkylating agent having the formula: R.sub.2 --SO.sub.3 M wherein R 2 is a hydroxy substituted lower alkyl, a halogen substituted lower alkyl, a halogen and hydroxy substituted lower alkyl, a halogen and methyl substituted lower alkyl, a hydroxy and lower alkoxy substituted lower alkyl, a lower alkene, a lower alkyne, a lower alkoxy substituted lower alkene, and a lower alkoxy substituted alkoxy alkyne.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
The bath as defined in claim 15 wherein said polymer has a molecular weight of about 400-100,000.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
23 words
The bath as defined in claim 15 wherein said polymer has a molecular weight of about 700 and R 2 is 3-chloro-2-hydroxy-propanesulfonic acid.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
137 words
A method of forming bright zinc deposits on a basis metal which comprises the step of making said basis metal the cathode in an aqueous solution of an alkaline zincate plating bath comprising a polymer characterized by recurring units of an alkylene amine wherein nitrogen atoms are bound to an aliphatic sulfoxylated groups having the following formula: --R.sub.1 --SO.sub.3 M where R 1 is selected from the group consisting of a lower alkylene group, a hydroxy substituted lower alkylene group, a lower alkyl substituted alkylene group, a lower alkoxy substituted lower alkene group, where M is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal, zinc, and ammonium; where "lower" means having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and where said polymer is present in an effective concentration to produce bright, ductile, uniform, non-blistering zinc deposits.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
137 words
A method of forming bright zinc deposits on a basis metal which comprises the step of making said basis metal the cathode in an aqueous solution of an alkaline zincate plating bath comprising a polymer characterized by recurring units of an alkylene amine wherein nitrogen atoms are bound to an aliphatic sulfoxylated groups having the following formula: --R.sub.1 --SO.sub.3 M where R 1 is selected from the group consisting of a lower alkylene group, a hydroxy substituted lower alkylene group, a lower alkyl substituted alkylene group, a lower alkoxy substituted lower alkene group, where M is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal, zinc, and ammonium; where "lower" means having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and where said polymer is present in an effective concentration to produce bright, ductile, uniform, non-blistering zinc deposits.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as defined in claim 18 wherein said concentration is about 0.1-50 grams per liter.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method as defined in claim 18 wherein said polymer has a molecular weight of about 400-100,000.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method as defined in claim 18 wherein said polymer has a molecular weight of about 700 and R 1 is --CH 2 --CH(OH)--CH 2 --.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method as defined in claim 18 wherein R 1 is --CH 2 --CH 2 --CH 2 --.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method as defined in claim 18 wherein R 1 is --CH 2 --CH 2 --CH 2 --CH 2 --.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as defined in claim 18 wherein R 1 is --CH 2 --CH 2 --.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as defined in claim 18 wherein R 1 is --CH=CH--CH 2 --.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as defined in claim 18 wherein R 1 is --C.tbd.C--CH 2 --.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method as defined in claim 18 wherein said polymer is the reaction product of a polyalkylene amine with a compound selected from the group consisting of epihalohydrin and dihalohydrin.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as defined in claim 18 wherein said bath additionally comprises about 0.05-5 grams per liter of an aromatic aldehyde.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
20 words
The bath as defined in claim 18 wherein said bath additionally comprises about 0.05-5 grams per liter of sodium polyacrylate.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
21 words
The bath as defined in claim 18 wherein said bath additionally comprises about 0.05-3 grams per liter of the compound ##STR8##
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-05-09 | 1980-11-08 | 1981-05-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-05-09 | 1984-11-08 | 1985-05-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-05-09 | 1988-11-08 | 1989-05-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |