US4053394A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for separating and converting waste into useable products
Assignee: FISK Ltd INCORPORATED A TN CORP
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Filing: 1976-04-02
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Granted: 1977-10-11
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Expires: 1996-04-02
Abstract
Abstract A process for recycling raw sewage and unsorted solid waste by adding the solids removed from sewage to ground unsorted waste forming a sludge, treating the sludge first anaerobically, sterilizing the anaerobically treated sludge, forming the sludge into a slurry, separating the biodegradable from the non-biodegradable material in the slurry by aerobic fermentation, composting the biodegradable material in batches, curing the compost under control conditions to stabilize its fertilizing properties and classifying the biodegradable and non-biodegradable material to provide useable products. The colloidal raw sewage liquor remaining after separation of the sewage solids is converted into pure water.
Inventors
- 👤 Pliny Fisk
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 13:16
CPC Classifications
C; C02; C02F; C02F3/00; C02F3/30; C02F9/00; C05; C05F; C05F17/00; C05F17/50; C05F7/00; Y; Y02; Y02A; Y02A40/00; Y02A40/10; Y02A40/20; Y02P; Y02P20/00; Y02P20/141; Y02P20/145; Y02W; Y02W10/00; Y02W10/30; Y02W10/37; Y02W30/00; Y02W30/40
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
185 words
A process for converting waste comprising biodegradeable and non-biodegradeable materials into useable products, comprising the steps of: grinding unsorted waste into particulate form; anaerobically treating the unsorted waste particles; sterilizing the anaerobically treated particles; mixing the sterilized particles with an aerobic and enzyme activated liquid to form a slurry; inducing the slurry to flow; controlling the temperature and pH of the moving slurry to cause fermentation; permeating the moving slurry with oxygenating gases to aid in fermentation and in causing the biodegradeable material to rise to the surface of the moving slurry and form a froth; removing the biodegradeable froth from the top of the slurry; collecting the non-biodegradeable material which settles out; adjusting the moisture content of the biodegradeable material to approximately 55%; separating the biodegradeable matter into batches and enclosing the batches in individual vessels; aerobically treating the biodegradeable matter thus formed in batches thereby raising the internal temperature thereof; controlling the environment to stimulate active aerobic bacterial growth in the batches; and curing the decomposing material so that the carbon to nitrogen ratio becomes established at between about 17/1 and about 22/1.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
185 words
A process for converting waste comprising biodegradeable and non-biodegradeable materials into useable products, comprising the steps of: grinding unsorted waste into particulate form; anaerobically treating the unsorted waste particles; sterilizing the anaerobically treated particles; mixing the sterilized particles with an aerobic and enzyme activated liquid to form a slurry; inducing the slurry to flow; controlling the temperature and pH of the moving slurry to cause fermentation; permeating the moving slurry with oxygenating gases to aid in fermentation and in causing the biodegradeable material to rise to the surface of the moving slurry and form a froth; removing the biodegradeable froth from the top of the slurry; collecting the non-biodegradeable material which settles out; adjusting the moisture content of the biodegradeable material to approximately 55%; separating the biodegradeable matter into batches and enclosing the batches in individual vessels; aerobically treating the biodegradeable matter thus formed in batches thereby raising the internal temperature thereof; controlling the environment to stimulate active aerobic bacterial growth in the batches; and curing the decomposing material so that the carbon to nitrogen ratio becomes established at between about 17/1 and about 22/1.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the steps of: adding sewage solids to the ground unsorted waste prior to anaerobic treatment; dewatering the anaerobically treated material prior to sterilization.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: further grinding the unsorted waste, after the first grinding step, to fine particulate form.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: delumping the particulate waste after sterilization.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process as claimed in claim 4 including the step of: aerating simultaneously with delumping.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: spraying the unsorted waste with an aerobic mist prior to grinding.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the anaerobic treatment is conducted for approximately three days.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the steps of: dewatering the collected non-biodegradeables; recirculating the effluent liquor resulting from dewatering of the non-biodegradeables for mixture with the slurry.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: recirculating the filtered effluent liquor after removal of the biodegradeable froth and non-biodegradeable material from the slurry for mixing with the sterilized waste particles.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the oxygenating gases are introduced at approximately micron size.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the temperature of the moving aerobic slurry is initially controlled to remain below approximately 103° F. until the decomposition of the lignins and celluloses is completed.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: retarding the movement of the slurry to extend the reaction period of the enzymes and aerobic bacteria.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: stimulating the growth of the aerobic bacteria by applying ultrasonic sound waves to the slurry.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein: sterilization is accomplished by superheated steam.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein: sterilization is accomplished by ultransonic waves.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein: sterilization is accomplished by infrasonic waves.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the steps of: placing the particulate waste under vacuum during sterilization; adding ozone during sterilization.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
58 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: adding coal to the first batch in two phases, the first phase including approximately 5% of the total to be added to stimulate the initial growth of mutations, the remaining coal being added in the second phase after the count of the mutations is at a maximum.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: blending phosphorous and potassium products into the first batch.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: intermittently agitating the batches.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: exposing the batches to light which is substantially equivalent to sunlight.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
75 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the steps of: initially controlling the temperature of the first batch to below approximately 103° F. until decomposition of the cellulosic and lignin components of the biodegradeable particulate matter is completed; increasing the temperature of the first batch to approximately 125° F. after decomposition of the cellulose and lignin is completed; cooling the batch to below 180° F. should its temperature tend to rise to this level.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
92 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: controlling the environment of the first batch until it is capable by bacterial activity alone of maintaining a constant temperature of approximately 170° F.; transferring the first batch to a second station where it is held for a period of approximately one day at a temperature of approximately 170° F.; transferring the biodegradeable particulate matter from the second station to a third station where it is held for a period of approximately one day at a temperature of approximately 170° F.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: aerating the batches.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: ultransonically treating the batches to stimulate bacterial growth.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: applying a partial vacuum to the first batch at the time of the first internal rise in temperature of the batch.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
58 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the steps of: injecting a first volume of oxygenating gases into th first batch when the internal temperature is between about 80° F. and about 113° F.; injecting a second volume of oxygenating gases into the first batch when the internal temperature is between about 115° and about 135° F.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process as claimed in claim 1 including the step of: mixing ground sewage solids with the biodegradeable froth removed from the slurry.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process as claimed in claim 28 including the step of: spraying at least a portion of the sewage solids with an aerobic solution prior to grinding of the sewage solids.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-10-10 | 1981-04-11 | 1981-10-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-10-10 | 1985-04-11 | 1985-10-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-10-10 | 1989-04-11 | 1989-10-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |