US4090072A
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Method for determination of economically interesting metals in content of manganese nodules
Assignee: GKSS Forshungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH
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Filing: 1976-06-28
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Granted: 1978-05-16
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Expires: 1996-06-28
Abstract
Abstract Presence of metals such as copper and nickel being economically interestingetals are determined as to existence thereof in the content of manganese nodules according to a method by means of analysis of the activation gamma spectrum of manganese nodule samples after a neutron irradiation thereon. The sample is irradiated with fast neutrons and from the resulting gamma spectrum the ratio of radiation intensities of two main component parts preferably manganese and iron is taken in order to determine the percentage metal content by way of empirically obtained geochemical correlation-data which reproduce the percentage parts of further elements dependent upon proportional ratio of two main elements of the manganese lumps.
Inventors
- 👤 Walfried Michaelis
- 👤 Agmar Muller
- 👤 Hans Ulrich Fanger
- 👤 Rudolf Pepelnik
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 21:53
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N23/00; G01N23/22; G01N23/221; G01N23/222; G01N2223/00; G01N2223/07; G01N2223/074; G01N2223/0745; G01N2223/30; G01N2223/322
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
105 words
A method for determining the absolute content of economically interesting metals such as copper and nickel in manganese nodules, comprising the following steps: (a) irradiating manganese nodule samples with essentially fast neutrons excluding interaction with thermal neutrons; (b) recording the activation gamma-ray spectrum; (c) taking from the gamma-ray spectrum of the irradiated sample the ratio of radiation intensities of two main components, preferably manganese and iron; and (d) determining from this ratio, via empirically obtained geochemical correlational information between the concentration ratio of two main elements and the present fractions of further elements, the absolute percent concentration of metals, not directly disclosed in the spectrum.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
105 words
A method for determining the absolute content of economically interesting metals such as copper and nickel in manganese nodules, comprising the following steps: (a) irradiating manganese nodule samples with essentially fast neutrons excluding interaction with thermal neutrons; (b) recording the activation gamma-ray spectrum; (c) taking from the gamma-ray spectrum of the irradiated sample the ratio of radiation intensities of two main components, preferably manganese and iron; and (d) determining from this ratio, via empirically obtained geochemical correlational information between the concentration ratio of two main elements and the present fractions of further elements, the absolute percent concentration of metals, not directly disclosed in the spectrum.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein said irradiating occurs for a duration in a range of minutes.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein said irradiating and furthermore activation analysis undertaken in situ with a probe towed over the field of exploration.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
40 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein said irradiating occurs in situ in the field of exploration and furthermore analyzing of irradiated samples occurs on board a research vessel within a time of 15 minutes after termination of said irradiating.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the penetrating of thermal neutrons into a sample chamber irradiated with fast neutrons is reduced by a factor of φ 14 MeV / φ th ≳ 120 using thermal or resonance absorbers.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein said irradiating is undertaken in a cylindrical probe chamber means that surrounds the neutron source, and is confined radially inwardly and outwardly with a cylindrical Boron layer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method according to claim 6, wherein separating between the outer cylindrical Boron layer and outer mantel surrounded with sea water occurs through spacing by way of an annular chamber filled with vacuum, air and the like.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein there is pressing-out of water between nodule sample particles during neutron irradiating.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein there is poisoning of intermediate space between the nodule samples with the aid of neutron absorbers.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-05-15 | 1981-11-14 | 1982-05-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-05-15 | 1985-11-14 | 1986-05-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-05-15 | 1989-11-14 | 1990-05-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |