Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
293 words
A method for machine washing and cleaning of solid materials utilizing washing and cleaning solutions in the presence of water-insoluble cation exchange agents which are capable of binding the hardness components of the water and the soil, comprising withdrawing and recycling the tap water having a hardness of more than 80 mg CaO/liter in contact with said solid soiled materials through a silicate cation exchange compound having some combined water and a particle size of between 10μ and 100μ of the formula (M.sub.2/n O).sub.x . Me.sub.2 O.sub.3 . (SiO.sub.2).sub.y wherein M is a cation of valence n exchangeable with calcium, Me is a member selected from aluminum and boron, x is a number from 0.7 to 1.5 and y is a number from 0.8 to 6, said agent having a calcium binding power of at least 50 mg of CaO per gram, said silicate cation exchange compound being maintained out of contact with said solid soiled materials in a separate area from the washing area, for such time until the water has a hardness of not more than 70 mg CaO/liter, then adding other soluble washing and cleaning compounds to said softened tap water and washing said solid materials while continuing the recycling of the wash solution through said silicate cation exchange compound, wherein the total amount of washing solution is continuously or intermittently cyclically circulated from the washing area through the separate area with the cation exchange compound and then back to the washing area at least five times during the cleaning process, and where the amount of the cation exchange compound is 0.2 gm to 10 gm per liter of washing solution, and said washing solution contains from 0.2 to 10 gm per liter of other soluble washing and cleaning compounds.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
293 words
A method for machine washing and cleaning of solid materials utilizing washing and cleaning solutions in the presence of water-insoluble cation exchange agents which are capable of binding the hardness components of the water and the soil, comprising withdrawing and recycling the tap water having a hardness of more than 80 mg CaO/liter in contact with said solid soiled materials through a silicate cation exchange compound having some combined water and a particle size of between 10μ and 100μ of the formula (M.sub.2/n O).sub.x . Me.sub.2 O.sub.3 . (SiO.sub.2).sub.y wherein M is a cation of valence n exchangeable with calcium, Me is a member selected from aluminum and boron, x is a number from 0.7 to 1.5 and y is a number from 0.8 to 6, said agent having a calcium binding power of at least 50 mg of CaO per gram, said silicate cation exchange compound being maintained out of contact with said solid soiled materials in a separate area from the washing area, for such time until the water has a hardness of not more than 70 mg CaO/liter, then adding other soluble washing and cleaning compounds to said softened tap water and washing said solid materials while continuing the recycling of the wash solution through said silicate cation exchange compound, wherein the total amount of washing solution is continuously or intermittently cyclically circulated from the washing area through the separate area with the cation exchange compound and then back to the washing area at least five times during the cleaning process, and where the amount of the cation exchange compound is 0.2 gm to 10 gm per liter of washing solution, and said washing solution contains from 0.2 to 10 gm per liter of other soluble washing and cleaning compounds.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said tap water is recycled until the water has a hardness of less than 50 mg CaO/liter.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said tap water is recycled until the water has a hardness of less than 30 mg CaO/liter.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said solid soiled materials are textiles.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said silicate cation exchange compound is maintained out of contact with said solid soiled materials in a separate area from the washing area by a filter means.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 5 wherein said filter means is a static bed filter means.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 5 wherein said filter means is a fluidized bed filter means.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said silicate cation exchange compound has a calcium binding power of from 100 to 200 mg CaO/gm.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said silicate cation exchange compound has the formula: (Na.sub.2 O).sub.0.7-1.5 . Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 . (SiO.sub.2).sub.1.3-3.3.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said silicate cation exchange compound is crystalline.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said other soluble washing and cleaning compounds include an anionic surface-active compound.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said other soluble washing anc cleaning compounds include a water-soluble sequestering agent for calcium ions.