US4147430A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Secondary detection system for security validation
Assignee: Ardac Inc
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Filing: 1976-11-10
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Granted: 1979-04-03
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Expires: 1996-11-10
Abstract
Abstract A secondary detection system for utilization with a security validation apparatus wherein a sensing is made of the amount of light reflected from a given area of a paper security. Fundamentally, the invention consists of an infrared lamp or other emission source casting light through a tunnel and upon a highly reflective but partially transmissive surface. The reflective surface directs a large portion of the light onto the paper security. A first solar cell is provided in juxtaposition to the reflective surface for sensing the amount of light reflected onto the paper while a second solar cell is provided for receiving and sensing that quantity of light reflected back from the paper. A comparator circuit is interconnected between the two solar cells to determine the validity of the paper security on the basis of the percentage of light incident to the paper which is reflected therefrom. In actuality, the reflective surface is partially light transmissive and the first solar cell is positioned behind the reflective surface such that the reading of the light reflected by the reflective surface is actually achieved by the determination of the amount of light transmitted therethrough.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert L. Gorgone
- 👤 Gerald Iannadrea
- 👤 Alan J. Kovach
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 19:08
CPC Classifications
G; G07; G07D; G07D7/00; G07D7/06; G07D7/12; G07D7/121; G07D7/20
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
149 words
A secondary detection system for security validation, comprising: a lamp maintained within a housing, said housing defining a light pipe; light reflection means maintained at an end of said light pipe in juxtaposition to the security and in light receiving communication with said lamp for reflecting said light upon the security, said light reflection means being partially light transmissive; reference means maintained within said housing adjacent said light reflection means for determining the amount of light reflected thereby and producing a first output signal indicative thereof; light sensing means maintained within said housing and in juxtaposition to the security for receiving light from the security and producing a second output signal indicative thereof; and comparator means interconnected between said reference and light sensing means for receiving said first and second output signals and determining validity of the security on the basis of the relative values of said output signals.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
149 words
A secondary detection system for security validation, comprising: a lamp maintained within a housing, said housing defining a light pipe; light reflection means maintained at an end of said light pipe in juxtaposition to the security and in light receiving communication with said lamp for reflecting said light upon the security, said light reflection means being partially light transmissive; reference means maintained within said housing adjacent said light reflection means for determining the amount of light reflected thereby and producing a first output signal indicative thereof; light sensing means maintained within said housing and in juxtaposition to the security for receiving light from the security and producing a second output signal indicative thereof; and comparator means interconnected between said reference and light sensing means for receiving said first and second output signals and determining validity of the security on the basis of the relative values of said output signals.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
37 words
The secondary detection system according to claim 1 wherein said reference means comprises a first solar cell producing said first output signal and in juxtaposition to said light reflection means on a side thereof opposite said lamp.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
30 words
The secondary detection system according to claim 2 wherein said light reflection means comprises a planar surface obliquely positioned within said light pipe between said lamp and said reference means.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The secondary detection system according to claim 2 wherein said light sensing means comprises a second solar cell producing said second output signal.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
37 words
The secondary detection system according to claim 4 wherein said comparator means includes first and second operational amplifiers respectively connected to said first and second solar cells and receiving and amplifying said first and second output signals.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
52 words
The secondary detection system according to claim 5 wherein said comparator means further includes first and second voltage comparators, each receiving the outputs of the first and second operational amplifiers and producing a fixed level output signal if the first and second output signals are within a predetermined bandwidth of each other.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
54 words
The secondary detection system according to claim 6 wherein said first and second operational amplifiers have variable feedback networks controlling the respective gains thereof and wherein the output of said first operational amplifier is passed to a voltage divider, the gain of each of said operational amplifiers and the voltage divider determining said bandwidth.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
167 words
A secondary detection system for determining the validity of a security, comprising: a sealed casing; an infrared lamp maintained at one end of a tunnel defined by said casing; a planar surface, partially light transmissive and partially light reflective, obliquely positioned at one end of said tunnel for receiving light from said lamp and reflecting said light onto the security; a first solar cell positioned adjacent said reflective surface for sensing the amount of light transmitted thereby; a second solar cell positioned for receipt of light reflected by the security; two transparent windows within said sealed casing, a first window in juxtaposition to said reflective surface and a second window in juxtaposition to said second solar cell, both windows being in juxtaposition to the security; and comparator circuit means connected to and receiving output signals from each of said first and second solar cells for determining the validity of the security as a function of the relative values of the output signals of said respective solar cells.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
167 words
A secondary detection system for determining the validity of a security, comprising: a sealed casing; an infrared lamp maintained at one end of a tunnel defined by said casing; a planar surface, partially light transmissive and partially light reflective, obliquely positioned at one end of said tunnel for receiving light from said lamp and reflecting said light onto the security; a first solar cell positioned adjacent said reflective surface for sensing the amount of light transmitted thereby; a second solar cell positioned for receipt of light reflected by the security; two transparent windows within said sealed casing, a first window in juxtaposition to said reflective surface and a second window in juxtaposition to said second solar cell, both windows being in juxtaposition to the security; and comparator circuit means connected to and receiving output signals from each of said first and second solar cells for determining the validity of the security as a function of the relative values of the output signals of said respective solar cells.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
26 words
The secondary detection system as recited in claim 8 wherein said first solar cell is positioned on a side opposite said reflective surface from said lamp.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
The secondary detection system as recited in claim 8 wherein said tunnel linearly expands in cross-sectional area from said lamp to said reflective surface.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The secondary detection system as recited in claim 8 wherein said infrared lamp, reflective surface, and first and second solar cells are all maintained within said sealed casing.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
49 words
The secondary detection system as recited in claim 8 wherein said comparator circuit means includes two operational amplifiers having variable gains, the outputs of the amplifiers feeding two voltage comparators, and wherein a voltage divider is interposed between one of said operational amplifiers and one of said voltage comparators.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3664752A
Cited
US3916194A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-04-02 | 1982-10-02 | 1983-04-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-04-02 | 1986-10-02 | 1987-04-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-04-02 | 1990-10-02 | 1991-04-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |