US4147670A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Nonohmic ZnO ceramics including Bi2 O3, CoO, MnO, Sb2 O.sub.3
Assignee: Ohizumi Mfg Co Ltd
•
Filing: 1976-12-01
•
Granted: 1979-04-03
•
Expires: 1996-12-01
Abstract
Abstract Nonohmic ZnO ceramics including the following additives have the voltage nonlinear exponent α of 30 or more, the dielectric constant ε of about 1000 or less, the loss factor (tan δ) of less than 10%, and small variations caused in the breakdown voltage V i by load and large current pulses. The additives listed by molecular formulae are given in % by mol. The glass components are given for Nos. 1 through 4 in % by weight, symbols of elements being representative of borosilicate lead and/or zinc glass. ______________________________________ No. Bi 2 O 3 CoO MnO Sb 2 O 3 Glass Component ______________________________________ 1. 0.1-10 0.05-10 0.25-4 0.05-6 0.1-10 (Pb-Zn) 2. 0.1-6 0.05-10 0.25-10 0.1-10 0.1-10 (Zn) 3. 0.1-6 0.05-10 0.23-4 0.05-6 0.1-3 (Pb) 4. 0.1-6 0.05-10 0.2-10 0.1-6 0.1-10 (Zn and others) ______________________________________ As a fifth embodiment, the oxides corresponding or equivalent to a lead-borosilicate glass (PbO, B 2 O 3 and SiO 2 ) may be included in certain amounts with varying amounts of zinc oxide as a major component along with Bi 2 O 3 , CoO, MnO and Sb 2 O 3 .
Inventors
- 👤 Nobuaki Shohata
- 👤 Tomeji Ohno
- 👤 Shigeru Ikeda
- 👤 Takaki Fukushima
- 👤 Ryuji Igarashi
- 👤 Jyun-Ichiro Yoshida
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 14:57
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01C; H01C7/00; H01C7/10; H01C7/105; H01C7/108; H01C7/112; C; C04; C04B; C04B35/00; C04B35/01; C04B35/453
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
202 words
A nonohmic ceramic material having a voltage nonlinear exponent of at least 30, a dielectric constant of at most about 1000 at 1 KHz, a loss factor of less than 10% at 1 KHz, a breakdown voltage of at most about 500 volts, a load characteristic of at most about 20%, and a current pulse characteristic of at most about 5%, said load characteristic being evaluated by a change in the breakdown voltage for a current of 10 μA at room temperature before and after a power of 1.5 W/cm 2 is imposed for three hours on a 1-mm thick piece of said ceramic material kept at about 80° C., said current pulse characteristic being evaluated by a variation in the breakdown voltage before and after current pulses of 200 amperes are caused to flow through a 1-mm thick piece of said ceramic material, said current pulses having a wave-form of 10×200 microseconds, said ceramic material consisting essentially of a main component of zinc oxide, auxiliary components of bismuth (III) oxide of 0.1-10%, cobalt (II) oxide of 0.05-10%, manganese (II) oxide of 0.25-4%, and antimony (III) oxide of 0.05-6%, the percentages being by mol, and borosilicate lead-zinc glass of 0.1-10% by weight.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
202 words
A nonohmic ceramic material having a voltage nonlinear exponent of at least 30, a dielectric constant of at most about 1000 at 1 KHz, a loss factor of less than 10% at 1 KHz, a breakdown voltage of at most about 500 volts, a load characteristic of at most about 20%, and a current pulse characteristic of at most about 5%, said load characteristic being evaluated by a change in the breakdown voltage for a current of 10 μA at room temperature before and after a power of 1.5 W/cm 2 is imposed for three hours on a 1-mm thick piece of said ceramic material kept at about 80° C., said current pulse characteristic being evaluated by a variation in the breakdown voltage before and after current pulses of 200 amperes are caused to flow through a 1-mm thick piece of said ceramic material, said current pulses having a wave-form of 10×200 microseconds, said ceramic material consisting essentially of a main component of zinc oxide, auxiliary components of bismuth (III) oxide of 0.1-10%, cobalt (II) oxide of 0.05-10%, manganese (II) oxide of 0.25-4%, and antimony (III) oxide of 0.05-6%, the percentages being by mol, and borosilicate lead-zinc glass of 0.1-10% by weight.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
47 words
The nonohmic ceramic material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said borosilicate lead-zinc glass consists essentially of silicon (IV) oxide of 9.5-10.8%, boron oxide of 27.0-27.2%, zinc oxide of 60.0-63.4%, and lead (II) oxide of 0.1-2.0%, the percentages of the oxides of said glass being by weight.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
68 words
The nonohmic ceramic material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said borosilicate lead-zinc glass consists essentially of silicon (IV) oxide of about 72%, boron oxide of about 21%, zinc oxide of about 0.1%, and lead (II) oxide of about 7%, the percentages of the oxides of said glass being by weight, said ceramic material including said glass in an amount of 0.1-5.0% by weight of said ceramic material.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
64 words
A nonohmic ceramic material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said borosilicate lead-zinc glass consists essentially of silicon (IV) oxide of 12.0-27.0%, boron oxide of 8.0-23.5%, zinc oxide of 0.1-56%, and lead (II) oxide of 0.1-64.9%, the percentages of the oxides of said glass being by weight, said ceramic material including said glass in an amount of 0.1-3.0% by weight of said ceramic material.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
68 words
The nonohmic ceramic material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said borosilicate lead-zinc glass consists essentially of silicon (IV) oxide of about 2%, boron oxide of about 10%, zinc oxide of about 12.5%, and lead (II) oxide of about 75.5%, the percentages of the oxides of said glass being by weight, said ceramic material including said glass in an amount of 0.1-1.0% by weight of said ceramic material.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
68 words
The nonohmic ceramic material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said borosilicate lead-zinc glass consists essentially of silicon (IV) oxide of about 0.1%, boron oxide of about 55.4%, zinc oxide of about 44.4%, and lead (II) oxide of about 0.1%, the percentages of the oxides of said glass being by weight, said ceramic material including said glass in an amount of 0.1-1.0% by weight of said ceramic material.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
210 words
A nonohmic ceramic material having a voltage nonlinear exponent of at least 30, a dielectric constant of at most about 1000 at 1 KHz, a loss factor of less than 10% at 1 KHz, a breakdown voltage of at most about 500 volts, a load characteristic of at most about 20%, and a current pulse characteristic of at most about 5%, said load characteristic being evaluated by a change in the breakdown voltage for a current of 10 μA at room temperature before and after a power of 1.5 W/cm 2 is imposed for three hours on a 1-mm thick piece of said ceramic material kept at about 80° C., said current pulse characteristic being evaluated by a variation in the breakdown voltage before and after current pulses of 200 amperes are caused to flow through a 1-mm thick piece of said ceramic material, said current pulses having a wave-form of 10×200 microseconds, said ceramic material consisting essentially of a main component of zinc oxide, auxiliary components of bismuth (III) oxide of 0.1-6%, cobalt (II) oxide of 0.05-10%, manganese (II) oxide of 0.25-4%, and antimony (III) oxide of 0.05-6%, the percentages of said auxiliary components being by mol, and borosilicate lead glass in said ceramic material of 0.1-3% by weight.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
210 words
A nonohmic ceramic material having a voltage nonlinear exponent of at least 30, a dielectric constant of at most about 1000 at 1 KHz, a loss factor of less than 10% at 1 KHz, a breakdown voltage of at most about 500 volts, a load characteristic of at most about 20%, and a current pulse characteristic of at most about 5%, said load characteristic being evaluated by a change in the breakdown voltage for a current of 10 μA at room temperature before and after a power of 1.5 W/cm 2 is imposed for three hours on a 1-mm thick piece of said ceramic material kept at about 80° C., said current pulse characteristic being evaluated by a variation in the breakdown voltage before and after current pulses of 200 amperes are caused to flow through a 1-mm thick piece of said ceramic material, said current pulses having a wave-form of 10×200 microseconds, said ceramic material consisting essentially of a main component of zinc oxide, auxiliary components of bismuth (III) oxide of 0.1-6%, cobalt (II) oxide of 0.05-10%, manganese (II) oxide of 0.25-4%, and antimony (III) oxide of 0.05-6%, the percentages of said auxiliary components being by mol, and borosilicate lead glass in said ceramic material of 0.1-3% by weight.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
43 words
The nonohmic ceramic material as claimed in claim 7, wherein said borosilicate lead glass consists essentially of silicon (IV) oxide of 26-75%, boron oxide of 8-28%, and lead (II) oxide of 10-66%, the percentages of the oxides of said glass being by weight.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
84 words
A nonohmic ceramic material produced by the steps of mixing starting materials to provide a mixture and calcining said mixture at a temperature between about 650° C. and 850° C., said starting materials consisting essentially of a main component of zinc oxide, auxiliary components of bismuth (III) oxide of 0.1-10%, cobalt oxide (II) of 0.05-10%, manganese (II) oxide of 0.25-4%, and antimony (III) oxide of 0.05-6%, the percentages being by mol, and as an additional components borosilicate lead-zinc glass frit of 0.1-10% by weight.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
84 words
A nonohmic ceramic material produced by the steps of mixing starting materials to provide a mixture and calcining said mixture at a temperature between about 650° C. and 850° C., said starting materials consisting essentially of a main component of zinc oxide, auxiliary components of bismuth (III) oxide of 0.1-10%, cobalt oxide (II) of 0.05-10%, manganese (II) oxide of 0.25-4%, and antimony (III) oxide of 0.05-6%, the percentages being by mol, and as an additional components borosilicate lead-zinc glass frit of 0.1-10% by weight.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
49 words
The nonohmic ceramic material as claimed in claim 9, wherein said borosilicate lead-zinc glass frit consists essentially of silicon (IV) oxide of 9.5-10.8%, boron oxide of 27.0-27.2%, zinc oxide of 60.0-63.4%, and lead (II) oxide of 0.1-2.0%, the percentages of the oxides of said glass frit being by weight.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
73 words
The nonohmic ceramic material as claimed in claim 9, wherein said borosilicate lead-zinc glass frit consists essentially of silicon (IV) oxide of about 72%, boron oxide of about 21%, zinc oxide of about 0.1%, and lead (II) oxide of about 7%, the percentages of the oxides of said glass frit being by weight, said starting materials including said borosilicate lead-zinc glass frit in an amount of 0.1-5.0% by weight of said ceramic material.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
69 words
The nonohmic ceramic material as claimed in claim 9, wherein said borosilicate lead-zinc glass frit consists essentially of silicon (IV) oxide of 12.0-27.0%, boron oxide of 8.0-23.5%, zinc oxide of 0.1-56%, and lead (II) oxide of 0.1-64.9%, the percentages of the oxides of said glass frit being by weight, said starting materials including said borosilicate lead-zinc glass frit in an amount of 0.1-3.0% by weight of said ceramic material.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
73 words
The nonohmic ceramic material as claimed in claim 9, wherein said borosilicate lead-zinc glass frit consists essentially of silicon (IV) oxide of about 2%, boron oxide of about 10%, zinc oxide of about 12.5%, and lead (II) oxide of about 75.5%, the percentages of the oxides of said glass frit being by weight, said starting materials including said borosilicate lead-zinc glass frit in an amount of 0.1-1.0% by weight of said ceramic material.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
73 words
The nonohmic ceramic material as claimed in claim 9, wherein said borosilicate lead-zinc glass frit consists essentially of silicon (IV) oxide of about 0.1%, boron oxide of about 55.4%, zinc oxide of about 44.4%, and lead (II) oxide of about 0.1%, the percentages of the oxides of said glass frit being by weight, said starting materials including said borosilicate lead-zinc glass frit in an amount of 0.1-1.0% by weight of said ceramic material.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
91 words
A nonohmic ceramic material produced by the steps of mixing starting materials to provide a mixture and calcining said mixture at a temperature between about 650° C. and 850° C., said starting materials consisting essentially of a main component of zinc oxide, auxiliary components of bismuth (III) oxide of 0.1-6%, cobalt (II) oxide of 0.05-10%, manganese (II) oxide of 0.25-4%, and antimony (III) oxide of 0.05-6%, the percentages of said auxiliary components being by mol, and additional components of borosilicate lead glass frit is said ceramic material of 0.1-3% by weight.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
91 words
A nonohmic ceramic material produced by the steps of mixing starting materials to provide a mixture and calcining said mixture at a temperature between about 650° C. and 850° C., said starting materials consisting essentially of a main component of zinc oxide, auxiliary components of bismuth (III) oxide of 0.1-6%, cobalt (II) oxide of 0.05-10%, manganese (II) oxide of 0.25-4%, and antimony (III) oxide of 0.05-6%, the percentages of said auxiliary components being by mol, and additional components of borosilicate lead glass frit is said ceramic material of 0.1-3% by weight.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
45 words
The nonohmic ceramic material as claimed in claim 15, wherein said borosilicate lead glass frit consists essentially of silicon (IV) oxide of 26-75%, boron oxide of 8-28%, and lead (II) oxide of 10-66%, the percentages of the oxides of said glass frit being by weight.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2950995A
Cited
US3663458A
Cited
US3598763A
Cited
US3764566A
Cited
US3962144A
Cited
US3903226A
Cited
US4041436A
Cited
US4046847A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-04-02 | 1982-10-02 | 1983-04-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-04-02 | 1986-10-02 | 1987-04-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-04-02 | 1990-10-02 | 1991-04-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |