US4155222A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Hydrodynamic torque converters
Assignee: SRM Hydromekanik AB
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Filing: 1978-01-10
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Granted: 1979-05-22
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Expires: 1998-01-10
Abstract
Abstract This invention relates to hydrodynamic torque converters and in particular to improvements therein relating to the blade system and to the shape of the toroidal working chamber. For situations wherein a more or less distinct top speed is required, even when direct drive is not used, and where it is important to avoid the simultaneous existence of high torque absorption and low efficiency at high speed ratios, the blade system according to the present invention is advantageous, said system being characterized by a range of ratios for the radii of the outlet and inlet edges of the pump, turbine and guide blades as well as a range of angles α, β, γ and δ as herein defined. The toroidal working chamber comprises a pair of outer peripheral walls formed of essentially straight lines which converge radially outwardly and an inner core also defined by essentially radially extending straight lines which intersect no farther out than the intersection of the straight lines of the outer peripheral walls.
Inventors
- 👤 Karl G. Ahlen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 16:06
CPC Classifications
F; F16; F16H; F16H41/00; F16H41/24; F16H41/26
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
311 words
A hydrodynamic torque converter comprising a rotatable casing enclosing a closed circuit for circulation of a working fluid defined by a toroidal working chamber having an annular core therein, the closed circuit including in cross-section an outflow section, an inflow section and radial inner and radial outer transition regions connecting the inflow and outflow sections, a blade system located within the working chamber and including a ring of pump blades, a ring of guide blades, and a ring of turbine blades, the blades of the blade system being generally radially disposed within the working chamber in accordance with the parameters set out in the following table, in which Ro/Ri is the ratio of the outlet and inlet radii for the respective rings of blades, α (alpha) is the inlet angle of the blades, β (beta) is that angle formed between a chord drawn for a blade and a radial line drawn from the centre of rotation of the system and the outermost edge of the blade, γ (gamma) is the angle subtended at the centre of rotation of the blade system by the innermost edges of two adjacent blades, δ (delta) is a measure of the curvature of the blade, z is the maximum and minimum number of blades in the blade rings, and in which the radii of the outermost and innermost edges of the blades of the various rings are designated Ro and Ri respectively: __________________________________________________________________________
NO. OF
BLADES Ro OUTLET/
ALPHA IN
BETA IN
GAMMA IN
DELTA IN
Z Ri INLET
DEGREES
DEGREES
DEGREES
DEGREES
MAX MIN
MAX MIN
MAX MIN
MAX MIN
MAX MIN
MAX MIN
__________________________________________________________________________
GUIDE
VANE 30 40 0.93 0.87
40 20 65 40 12 9 70 45
PUMP 18 24 2.3 1.45
120 60 20 12 15 30 20
TURBINE
28 33 0.73 0.67
30 18 25 10 13 10 75 100
__________________________________________________________________________
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
311 words
A hydrodynamic torque converter comprising a rotatable casing enclosing a closed circuit for circulation of a working fluid defined by a toroidal working chamber having an annular core therein, the closed circuit including in cross-section an outflow section, an inflow section and radial inner and radial outer transition regions connecting the inflow and outflow sections, a blade system located within the working chamber and including a ring of pump blades, a ring of guide blades, and a ring of turbine blades, the blades of the blade system being generally radially disposed within the working chamber in accordance with the parameters set out in the following table, in which Ro/Ri is the ratio of the outlet and inlet radii for the respective rings of blades, α (alpha) is the inlet angle of the blades, β (beta) is that angle formed between a chord drawn for a blade and a radial line drawn from the centre of rotation of the system and the outermost edge of the blade, γ (gamma) is the angle subtended at the centre of rotation of the blade system by the innermost edges of two adjacent blades, δ (delta) is a measure of the curvature of the blade, z is the maximum and minimum number of blades in the blade rings, and in which the radii of the outermost and innermost edges of the blades of the various rings are designated Ro and Ri respectively: __________________________________________________________________________
NO. OF
BLADES Ro OUTLET/
ALPHA IN
BETA IN
GAMMA IN
DELTA IN
Z Ri INLET
DEGREES
DEGREES
DEGREES
DEGREES
MAX MIN
MAX MIN
MAX MIN
MAX MIN
MAX MIN
MAX MIN
__________________________________________________________________________
GUIDE
VANE 30 40 0.93 0.87
40 20 65 40 12 9 70 45
PUMP 18 24 2.3 1.45
120 60 20 12 15 30 20
TURBINE
28 33 0.73 0.67
30 18 25 10 13 10 75 100
__________________________________________________________________________
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
A torque converter according to claim 1 wherein the ring of guide blades is rotationally fixed relative to a stationary abutment.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
A torque converter according to claim 1 wherein the ring of turbine blades is rotationally fixedly carried by a turbine shaft constituting an output for the converter.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
50 words
A torque converter according to claim 1 in which the blades of the said turbine ring have an inlet radius of about 0.3% of the length of the blade and the blades of the said guide ring have a nose radius of about 13% of the length of the blade.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
97 words
A torque converter according to claim 1, wherein when considered in a section taken in a radial plane passing through the axis of rotation of the casing, the majority of the inner core and outer peripheries defining the outflow and inflow sections consist of straight lines which converge radially outwardly and in that the said straight lines defining the said outer peripheries of the inflow and outflow sections intersect each other no closer to the said axis of rotation than the intersection of the said straight lines defining the inner core of the inflow and outflow sections.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
35 words
A torque converter according to claim 5, wherein one of the straight lines defining a part of the inner core are located in a plane which is essentially normal to the said axis of rotation.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
A torque converter according to claim 6, wherein the said straight line essentially normal to the axis of rotation is located in the inflow section wherein the turbine blades are located.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
200 words
A hydrodynamic torque converter of the rotating casing type enclosing a toroidally shaped closed circuit for circulation of a working fluid defined by an inner and an outer periphery, an annular core located in the closed circuit and defining the shape of the inner periphery, the circuit comprising an outflow section and an inflow section, a radially outer and a radially inner transition region connecting the outermost and innermost parts of the said sections, a ring of pump blades located in the outflow section and a ring of turbine blades located in the inflow section, and a ring of guide blades between the turbine and the pump blades, characterized in that, when considered in a section taken in a radial plane passing through the axis of rotation of the casing, the majority of the inner core and outer peripheries defining the outflow and inflow sections consist of straight lines which converge radially outwardly and in that the said straight lines defining the said outer peripheries of the inflow and outflow sections intersect each other no closer to the said axis of rotation than the intersection of the said straight lines defining the inner core of the inflow and outflow sections.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
200 words
A hydrodynamic torque converter of the rotating casing type enclosing a toroidally shaped closed circuit for circulation of a working fluid defined by an inner and an outer periphery, an annular core located in the closed circuit and defining the shape of the inner periphery, the circuit comprising an outflow section and an inflow section, a radially outer and a radially inner transition region connecting the outermost and innermost parts of the said sections, a ring of pump blades located in the outflow section and a ring of turbine blades located in the inflow section, and a ring of guide blades between the turbine and the pump blades, characterized in that, when considered in a section taken in a radial plane passing through the axis of rotation of the casing, the majority of the inner core and outer peripheries defining the outflow and inflow sections consist of straight lines which converge radially outwardly and in that the said straight lines defining the said outer peripheries of the inflow and outflow sections intersect each other no closer to the said axis of rotation than the intersection of the said straight lines defining the inner core of the inflow and outflow sections.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
33 words
A torque converter according to claim 8, wherein the straight lines defining a part of the inner core are located in a plane which is essentially normal to the said axis of rotation.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
31 words
A torque converter according to claim 9, wherein the said straight line essentially normal to the axis of rotation is located in the inflow section wherein the turbine blades are located.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
32 words
A torque converter circuit according to claim 8, wherein the angle between intermediate lines bisecting the outflow and inflow sections intersect each other in an angle falling within the range of 20°-30°.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
29 words
A torque converter circuit according to claim 11 or claim 8 in which the said straight lines defining the inner core converge radially outwardly within the range of 6°-19°.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
37 words
A torque converter according to claim 8 or claim 12 in which one of the said straight lines defining the said outer periphery of the inflow and outflow sections converge radially outwardly within the range of 29°-43°.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2357338A
Cited
US3071928A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-05-21 | 1982-11-20 | 1983-05-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-05-21 | 1986-11-20 | 1987-05-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-05-21 | 1990-11-20 | 1991-05-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |