Refractor optical system

Claim 2

A lens series for a refractor having a plurality of lenses positionable at each of more than two positions spaced along an optical axis and a reference plane at one of the positions which comprises, the plurality of lenses being positionable at the reference plane including a zero power lens consisting of the same glass, having the same thickness, having the same radius on one surface and the same distance to other lenses on the optical axis.

Claim 3

In a refractor having a strong sphere dial, a weak sphere dial, a strong cylinder dial and a weak cylinder dial, each dial containing a plurality of lenses and rotatable about a common axis to selectively present an individual lens on a test axis, the improvement comprising a lens series in which one of said dials has all lenses being of substantially the same glass, each lens having substantially the same center thickness and a planar surface on the side of the lens furthest from the patient's eye and said one of said dials being located at a reference plane of the refractor and said one of said dials having a planar plate as a lens in position of zero diopter power.

Claim 4

In a refractor having a strong sphere dial, a weak sphere dial, a strong cylinder dial and a weak cylinder dial, each dial containing a plurality of lenses and rotatable about a common axis to selectively present an individual lens on a test axis, the improvement comprising a lens series in which one of said dials has all lenses being of substantially the same glass, each lens having substantially the same center thickness and a planar surface on the side of the lens furthest from the patient's eye and said one of said dials being located at a reference plane of the refractor and said one of said dials having a planar plate as a lens in position of zero diopter power.

Claim 5

The improvement of claim 2 wherein the order of the dials away from the patient's eye is strong sphere, weak, sphere, strong cylinder and weak cylinder and said strong sphere dial is said one of said dials.

Claim 6

The improvement of claim 3 wherein all spherical and cylindrical lenses have substantially the same thickness, same glass and a planar surface on the lens furthest from the patient's eye.

Claim 7

The improvement of claim 4 wherein the glass has an index of refraction of 1.523.

Claim 8

The improvement of claim 4 wherein the refractor contains an auxiliary dial having +0.125 diopter sphere lens.

Claim 9

The improvement of claim 4 wherein a difference between a marked cylinder power and real cylinder power for any given combination of strong cylinder lens, weak cylinder lens and weak sphere lens is the same for all strong sphere lenses.

Claim 10

The improvement of claim 4 wherein all lenses and the plate have a thickness of 1.6 mm.

Claim 11

The improvement of claim 4 wherein the glass of the lenses and plate have a center thickness of 1.6 mm and an index of reaction of 1.523, the distances in millimeters from the eye to the dials is 14.27 mm, 18.238 mm, 26.683 mm, 30.651 mm respectively, and the lenses having the following radii expressed in mm and where a minus sign (-) denotes a lens radius having a vertex on the side of the lens away from the patient's eye. ______________________________________ Dial Marked Power Radius ______________________________________ III Cylinder 0.0 0.0 0.750 703.538 1.500 354.871 2.250 238.649 3.000 180.538 3.750 145.671 4.500 122.427 5.250 105.824 6.000 93.371 6.750 83.686 7.500 75.938 8.250 69.599 IV cylinder 0.0 0.0 0.125 4192.280 0.250 2100.280 0.375 1402.947 0.500 1054.280 0.625 845.080 I Sphere -18.000 -29.056 -15.000 -34.867 -12.000 -43.583 -9.000 -58.111 -6.000 -87.167 -3.000 -174.333 0.0 3.000 174.333 6.000 87.167 9.000 58.111 12.000 43.583 15.000 34.867 II Sphere -1.000 -521.212 -0.750 -695.545 -0.500 -1044.212 -0.250 -2090.212 0.0 0.0 0.250 2093.788 0.500 1047.788 0.750 699.121 1.000 524.788 1.250 420.188 1.500 350.455 1.750 300.645 V Sphere 0.0 0.0 0.125 4187.86317 ______________________________________

Claim 12

The improvement of claim 3 wherein all sphere lenses including the plate having a thickness of 1.6 mm.