US4284701A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Electrophotographic toner of specific size distribution
Assignee: IBM Information Products Corp
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Filing: 1980-09-03
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Granted: 1981-08-18
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Expires: 2000-09-03
Abstract
Abstract A toner material for use in developing images in an electrostatographic device is disclosed. The toner particles are initially classified according to a size distribution wherein less than 15% by weight are greater than 16 microns, between 7 and 15% by weight are less than 5 microns the remainder being from 5 to 16 microns and wherein the median particle size by weight is from 8 to 12 microns. The toner is used in a developer mix with carrier particles, and preferably the toner carrier mix is equilibrated such that the action of the developer mix and the machine provide a toner particle size distribution wherein less than 12% by weight are greater than 16 microns, between 15 and 30% by weight are less than 5 microns, the remainder being from 5 to 16 microns, and wherein the median particle size by weight is between 6.5 and 9.5 microns. An equilibrated toner particle distribution is also disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Jerry J. Abbott
- 👤 Sterritt R. Fuller
- 👤 Paul D. Jachimiak
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 15:29
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/0819
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
58 words
An electrostatographic toner material comprising particles having the following size distributions: less than 15% by weight being greater than 16 microns in size, from 7 to 15% by weight being less than 5 microns in size, the remainder being from 5 to 16 microns in size, the particle median size by weight being from 8 to 12 microns.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
58 words
An electrostatographic toner material comprising particles having the following size distributions: less than 15% by weight being greater than 16 microns in size, from 7 to 15% by weight being less than 5 microns in size, the remainder being from 5 to 16 microns in size, the particle median size by weight being from 8 to 12 microns.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
46 words
An electrostatographic toner material according to claim 1 wherein less than 2% by weight are greater than 16 microns in size, from 9 to 15% by weight are less than 5 microns in size, the median particle size by weight being from 8.5 to 9.5 microns.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
An electrostatographic toner according to claim 1 wherein the median particle size by weight is between 8.5 and 9.5 microns.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
An electrostatographic toner according to claim 1 wherein there is less than 2% by weight of particles greater than 16 microns.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
An electrostatographic toner according to claim 1 wherein from 9 to 15% by weight are less than 5 microns.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
67 words
A developer mix for electrostatographic copying comprising toner particles and carrier particles of opposite triboelectric charges, said toner particles having the following size distribution: less than 15% by weight being greater than 16 microns in size, from 7 to 15% by weight being less than 5 microns, the remainder being from 5 to 16 microns, the median particle size by weight being from 8 to 12 microns.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
67 words
A developer mix for electrostatographic copying comprising toner particles and carrier particles of opposite triboelectric charges, said toner particles having the following size distribution: less than 15% by weight being greater than 16 microns in size, from 7 to 15% by weight being less than 5 microns, the remainder being from 5 to 16 microns, the median particle size by weight being from 8 to 12 microns.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
45 words
A developer mix according to claim 6 wherein the toner particle size distribution is less than 2% by weight greater than 16 microns, from 9 to 15% by weight less than 5 microns, the median particle size by weight being from 8.5 to 9.5 microns.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
A developer mix according to claim 6 wherein the median toner particle size by weight is between 8.5 to 9.5 microns.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
A developer mix according to claim 6 wherein there is less than 2% by weight of toner particles greater than 16 microns.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
A developer mix according to claim 6 wherein there is from 9 to 15% by weight of toner particles less than 5 microns.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
95 words
In an electrostatic developing process, wherein a mix of toner and carrier particles are provided and applied to a photoconductor to develop a latent electrostatic image thereon, and wherein the developed image is transferred to a copy sheet, the improvement which comprises, maintaining a developer mix having toner particles therein equilibrated to the following size distribution; less than 12% by weight greater than 16 microns, from 15 to 30% by weight less than 5 microns, the remainder from 5 to 16 microns, the median toner particle size by weight being between 6.5 and 9.5 microns.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
95 words
In an electrostatic developing process, wherein a mix of toner and carrier particles are provided and applied to a photoconductor to develop a latent electrostatic image thereon, and wherein the developed image is transferred to a copy sheet, the improvement which comprises, maintaining a developer mix having toner particles therein equilibrated to the following size distribution; less than 12% by weight greater than 16 microns, from 15 to 30% by weight less than 5 microns, the remainder from 5 to 16 microns, the median toner particle size by weight being between 6.5 and 9.5 microns.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-08-17 | 1985-02-16 | 1985-08-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-08-17 | 1989-02-16 | 1989-08-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-08-17 | 1993-02-16 | 1993-08-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |