Wide angle to long focus zoom lens

Claim 2

A lens having a range of equivalent focal lengths extending from a dimension below the diagonal of the image frame of the lens to above, comprising from the object end a first positive group, a second negative group, and a rear positive group, at least two of said groups including said negative group being axially movable to vary the equivalent focal length of said lens, said second negative group comprising from the object end first and second negative components and a positive doublet, said doublet being convex to the object side.

Claim 3

The lens of claim 1 where 1.0>K.sub.1 /K.sub.M >0.4 4.8>|K.sub.2 /K.sub.M |>2.0 1.5>K.sub.R /K.sub.M >0.5 and where K 1 , K 2 , and K R are the optical powers of said first, second and rear groups, respectively, and K M is the geometric mean of the power of the lens at its extreme focal lengths.

Claim 4

A lens according to claim 1 where 0.20<K.sub.22 /K.sub.21 <0.40 where K 21 is the absolute sum of the powers of said negative components, and K 22 is the power of said positive component.

Claim 5

A lens according to claim 1 further including a third positive group between said rear group and said second group, and an aperture defining means between said second group and said third group.

Claim 6

A lens according to claim 1 where said second group from the object end comprises a negative meniscus convex toward the object end, a bi-concave element, and said positive doublet.

Claim 7

A lens according to claim 1 where said first group and said rear group move axially in the same direction to vary the equivalent focal length of said lens, while said second group moves in the opposite direction.

Claim 8

The lens of claim 6 where said first and fourth groups move in fixed relation to one another.

Claim 9

The lens of claim 1 further including an aperture defining means behind said second group with no further elements therebetween.

Claim 10

A lens according to claim 8 where 1.0>K.sub.1 /K.sub.M >0.7 4.8>|K.sub.2 /K.sub.M |>2.0 1.5>K.sub.3 /K.sub.M >0.6 1.5>K.sub.R /K.sub.M >0.5 where K 1 , K 2 , K 3 , and K R are the optical powers of said first, second, third, and rear groups, respectively, and K M is the geometric mean of the powers of the lens at the extremes of its equivalent focal lengths.

Claim 11

A lens according to claim 8 where said first group moves axially in the same direction as said rear group to vary the equivalent focal length of said lens, while said second group moves in the opposite direction.

Claim 12

A lens according to claim 10 where said first and rear groups move in fixed relation.

Claim 13

A lens according to claim 1 where 4.8>|K.sub.2 /K.sub.M |>2.0 and 0.40>|K.sub.22 /K.sub.21 |>0.20 wjere K 2 is the power of said second group, K 21 is the sum of the power of the negative components of said second group, K 22 is the power of said positive component, and K M is the geometric mean of the powers of said lens at the extremes of its equivalent focal lengths.

Claim 14

The lens of claim 1 where said first group moves axially in the same direction as said rear group to vary the equivalent focal length of said lens, while said second group moves in the opposite direction.

Claim 15

The lens of claim 13 where said first and rear groups move in fixed relation.

Claim 16

The lens of claim 1 further including a third positive group positioned behind said second group with no other elements therebetween.

Claim 17

The lens of claim 1 where 0.4<K.sub.1 /K.sub.M <1.0 2.0<|K.sub.2 /K.sub.M |<4.8 0.6<K.sub.R /K.sub.M <1.0 where K 1 , K 2 , and K R are the optical powers of said first, second, and rear groups, and K M is the geometric mean of the lens at the extremes of its equivalent focal lengths.

Claim 18

The lens of claim 1 where 2.0<|K.sub.2 /K.sub.M |<4.8 where the sum of the powers of said negative components of said second group is K 21 on the object end and said doublet has a power K 22 and 0.2<|K.sub.22 /K.sub.21 |<0.4 where K M is the geometric mean of the powers of said lens at its extreme equivalent focal lengths.

Claim 19

A lens having a range of equivalent focal lengths extending from a dimension below the diagonal of the image frame of the lens to above, comprising from the object end a first positive group, a second negative group, a third positive group and a rear positive group, and an aperture defining means between said second and third groups, at least two of said groups being movable to vary the equivalent focal length of said lens, said second group comprising from the object end first and second negative components and a positive doublet, said doublet having a convex object side surface.

Claim 20

A lens having a range of equivalent focal lengths extending from a dimension below the diagonal of the image frame of the lens to above, comprising from the object end a first positive group, a second negative group, a third positive group and a rear positive group, and an aperture defining means between said second and third groups, at least two of said groups being movable to vary the equivalent focal length of said lens, said second group comprising from the object end first and second negative components and a positive doublet, said doublet having a convex object side surface.

Claim 21

A zoom lens according to claim 18 scaled to an image frame of 24×36 mm and subtending semi-field angles of 9.0 degrees to 38 degrees, defined substantially as follows: ______________________________________ Axial Distance Radius of Between Index Curvature Surfaces Refraction Abbe No. Lens Surface (mm) (mm) Nd Vd ______________________________________ S1 185.9987 L1 3.000 1.847 23.8 S2 49.6058 1.768 S3 51.2413 L2 11.700 1.743 49.2 S4 -323.9418 .150 S5 37.4951 L3 6.000 1.806 40.7 S6 70.1003 Z1 S7 118.4422 L4 2.000 1.850 32.2 S8 13.2349 6.735 S9 -49.699 L5 2.000 1.835 43.0 S10 42.7192 Z2 S11 24.7201 7.641 1.689 31.2 S12 -13.4465 L7 2.000 1.713 53.9 S13 -223.5334 Z3 Aperture Z4 S14 47.1016 L8 1.500 1.847 23.8 S15 25.6722 1.409 S16 31.4590 L9 4.300 1.762 40.3 S17 -100.8025 .500 S18 40.3475 L10 2.000 1.847 23.8 S19 25.3014 L11 7.000 1.589 41.0 S20 -95.3470 .150 S21 59.5290 L12 2.500 1.835 43.0 S22 20.2397 L13 6.100 1.488 70.4 S23 -564.7725 7.154 S24 220.4092 L14 2.500 1.850 32.2 S25 28.9627 L15 6.100 1.488 70.4 S26 -83.7917 ______________________________________ where the lens elements from object to image end are given as L1-L15 having surfaces S1-S26, N D is the index of refraction of the lens elements and V D is the dispersion of the elements measured by the Abbe number. Spaces variable with equivalent focal length are given by Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, and ______________________________________ EFL Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4 ______________________________________ 25.5mm 1.20mm 20.61mm 6.71mm 19.73mm 40.0 7.76 16.97 .50 10.93 85.0 25.12 4.38 4.88 .50 125.0 29.66 1.70 .50 .50 ______________________________________

Claim 22

A zoom lens according to claim 18 scaled to an image frame of 24×36 mm and subtending semi-field angles of 9.0 degrees to 38 degrees, defined substantially as follows: ______________________________________ Radius Axial Distance Curvature Between Surfaces Lens Surface (mm) (mm) Nd Vd ______________________________________ S1 86.919 L1 3.50 1.847 23.8 S2 51.507 L2 9.15 1.569 63.1 S3 586.863 .15 S4 44.013 L3 6.00 1.773 49.6 S5 120.989 Z1 S6 107.542 L4 2.00 1.857 32.0 S7 15.311 8.00 S8 -68.184 L5 2.00 1.839 42.0 S9 35.639 .01 S10 25.449 L6 7.70 1.722 29.2 S11 -22.645 L7 2.00 1.773 49.6 S12 -4941.359 Z2 S13 42.644 L8 1.20 1.589 61.2 S14 23.589 .43 S15 27.132 L9 3.30 1.655 33.7 S16 1101.577 Z3 S17 29.676 L10 2.00 1.76 26.6 S18 26.206 L11 14.92 1.807 35.5 S19 -46.160 .00 S20 -50.914 L12 2.40 1.847 23.8 S21 14.786 L13 9.73 1.488 70.4 S22 -27.371 2.04 S23 -16.837 L14 1.60 1.488 70.4 S24 32.237 L15 8.50 1.650 39.3 S25 -34.016 ______________________________________ where the lens elements from object to image end are given as L1-L15 having surfaces S1-S25, N D is the index of refraction of the lens elements and V D is the dispersion of the elements measured by the Abbe number. Spaces variable with equivalent focal length are given by Z1, Z2 and Z3, and ______________________________________ EFL Z1 Z2 Z3 ______________________________________ 25.5mm .10mm 24.34mm 19.35mm 40.0 7.04 14.78 11.84 85.0 26.64 5.97 1.89 125.0 28.77 .10 .45 ______________________________________

Claim 23

A zoom lens according to claim 18 scaled to an image frame of 24×36 mm and subtending semi-field angles of 9.0 degrees to 38 degrees, defined substantially as follows: ______________________________________ Radius Axial Distance Curvature Between Surfaces Lens Surface (mm) (mm) Nd Vd ______________________________________ S1 445.579 L1 3.50 1.847 23.8 S2 46.817 L2 9.70 1.806 40.7 S3 -323.931 .15 S4 44.318 L3 6.00 1.827 39.5 S5 98.638 Z1 S6 152.122 L4 2.00 1.840 42.8 S7 16.665 8.40 S8 -66.642 L5 2.00 1.840 42.8 S9 58.409 .50 S10 32.864 L6 7.70 1.733 28.1 S11 -30.877 L7 2.00 1.700 55.3 S12 197.121 Z2 Aperture Z3 S13 40.025 L8 1.20 1.847 23.8 S14 24.132 1.30 S15 28.626 L9 3.30 1.806 40.7 S16 -425.010 Z4 S17 41.374 L10 2.00 1.854 23.6 S18 28.237 L11 4.50 1.732 52.0 S19 -456.281 3.24 S20 -209.078 L12 2.49 1.785 48.8 S21 20.252 L13 6.10 1.475 70.3 S22 -38.872 Z5 S23 -1513.366 L14 6.10 1.488 70.4 S24 -26.320 2.50 S25 -24.591 L15 2.50 1.832 30.6 S26 -56.837 ______________________________________ where the lens elements from object to image end are given as L1-L15 having surfaces S1-S26, N D is the index of refraction of the lens elements and V D is the dispersion of the elements measured by the Abbe number. Spaces variable with equivalent focal lengths are given by Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5, and ______________________________________ EFL Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4 Z5 ______________________________________ 25.5mm .50mm 29.37mm 4.79mm .54mm 16.63mm 40.4 8.08 21.73 .01 11.28 10.71 85.0 26.28 3.80 6.22 13.44 2.08 125.0 29.60 .43 .01 21.38 .40 ______________________________________

Claim 24

A zoom lens according to claim 18 scaled to an image frame of 24×36 mm and subtending semi-field angles of 9.0 degrees to 38 degrees, defined substantially as follows: ______________________________________ Radius Axial Distance Curvature Between Surfaces Lens Surface (mm) (mm) Nd Vd ______________________________________ S1 272.365 L1 3.50 1.762 27.3 S2 49.902 L2 9.70 1.673 51.4 S3 -348.735 .15 S4 41.575 L3 6.00 1.806 40.7 S5 88.688 Z1 S6 119.038 L4 2.00 1.857 32.0 S7 15.309 8.40 S8 -59.323 L5 2.00 1.840 42.8 S9 85.381 .07 S10 31.319 L6 7.70 1.762 27.3 S11 -25.034 L7 2.00 1.697 55.5 S12 110.053 Z2 Aperture Z3 S13 54.083 L8 1.20 1.847 23.8 S14 27.576 .43 S15 29.890 L9 3.30 1.806 40.7 S16 -163.620 Z4 S17 47.088 L10 2.00 1.847 23.8 S18 20.204 L11 4.50 1.650 39.3 S19 -192.570 14.66 S20 253.894 L12 2.49 1.790 43.7 S21 25.299 L13 6.10 1.488 70.4 S22 -47.350 ______________________________________ where the lens elements from object to image end are given as L1-L13 having surfaces S1-S22, N D is the index of refraction of the lens elements and V D is the dispersion of the elements measured by the Abbe number. Spaces variable with equivalent focal length are given by Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, and ______________________________________ EFL Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4 ______________________________________ 25.5mm .50mm 30.83mm 4.37mm 17.60mm 40.1 8.94 22.56 0.00 11.67 85.0mm 25.93 .572 3.953.95 1.33 125.0 30.70 .78 .15 .40 ______________________________________

Claim 25

A zoom lens according to claim 18 scaled to an image frame of 24×36 mm and subtending semi-field angles of 9.0 degrees to 38 degrees, defined substantially as follows: ______________________________________ Radius of Axial Distance Curvature Between Surfaces Lens Surface (mm) (mm) Nd Vd ______________________________________ S1 414.835 L1 3.500 1.847 23.8 S2 50.369 1.768 S3 52.721 L2 11.700 1.743 49.2 S4 -203.797 .150 S5 41.688 L3 6.00 1.806 40.7 S6 103.130 Z1 S7 302.316 L4 2.00 1.850 32.2 S8 14.793 8.400 S9 -64.865 L5 2.000 1.840 42.8 S10 44.117 .100 S11 28.093 L6 7.700 1.739 28.3 S12 -19.503 L7 2.000 1.651 59.0 S13 349.480 Z2 Aperture Z3 S14 42.981 L8 1.200 1.847 23.8 S15 26.354 1.858 S16 31.399 L9 3.300 1.790 41.4 S17 -199.096 Z4 S18 28.676 L10 2.000 1.862 23.3 S19 20.560 L11 4.500 1.547 27.8 S20 -128.190 8.039 S21 70.468 L12 2.500 1.619 20.3 S22 25.194 L13 6.100 1.488 70.3 S23 -132.809 1.984 S24 2798.444 L14 2.500 1.863 37.4 S25 21.735 L15 6.100 1.482 71.2 S26 -70.988 ______________________________________ where the lens elements from object to image end are given as L1-L15 having surfaces S1-S26, N D is the index of refraction of the lens elements and V D is the dispersion of the elements measured by the Abbe number. Spaces variable with equivalent focal length are given by Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, and ______________________________________ EFL Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4 ______________________________________ 25.5mm 1.21mm 29.85mm 3.63mm 13.92mm 40.0 8.70 22.03 .50 6.60 85.0 26.4 4.89 6.98 .03 125.0 29.6 1.70 .50 .50 ______________________________________

Claim 26

A lens according to claim 18 scaled to an image frame of 24×36 mm and subtending semi-field angles of 10.8 degrees to 38 degrees, defined substantially as follows: ______________________________________ Radius Axial Distance Curvature Between Surfaces Lens Surface (mm) (mm) Nd Vd ______________________________________ S1 343.179 L1 4.00 1.805 25.5 S2 87.924 L2 9.5 1.691 57.7 S3 -412.177 .15 S4 72.251 L3 4.50 1.804 46.5 S5 145.982 Z1 S6 68.558 L4 2.00 1.834 37.3 S7 19.481 8.00 S8 -91.032 L5 2.00 1.834 37.3 S9 41.216 4.69 S10 40.739 L6 7.70 1.762 26.6 S11 -19.592 L7 2.00 1.834 37.3 S12 -689.714 Z2 S13 35.503 L8 1.50 1.805 25.5 S14 22.130 L9 6.50 1.713 53.9 S15 -538.122 .15 S16 41.920 L10 4.00 1.713 53.9 S17 526.965 2.70 S18 -37.060 L11 1.50 1.570 42.6 S19 47.131 5.29 S20 -103.372 L12 4.00 1.623 60.1 S21 -26.839 6.33 S22 60.673 L13 10.00 1.488 70.4 S23 -18.358 L14 1.80 1.834 37.3 S24 -73.946 ______________________________________ where the lens elements from object to image end are given as L1-L14 having surfaces S1-S24, N D is the index of refraction of the lens elements and V D is the dispersion of the elements measured by the Abbe number. Spaces variable with equivalent focal length are given by Z1 and Z2, and ______________________________________ EFL Z1 Z2 ______________________________________ 25.5mm .10mm 31.93mm 40.0 6.64 16.07 85.0 28.06 2.66 105.0 45.2 .39 ______________________________________

Claim 27

A lens according to claim 18 where said second group from the object end comprises a negative meniscus convex toward the object end, a bi-concave component, and said positive doublet.

Claim 28

A lens according to claim 25 where 0.40>|K.sub.22 /K.sub.21 |>0.20 where K 21 is the sum of the powers of said meniscus and bi-concave component, and K 22 is the power of the positive doublet.

Claim 29

A lens having a range of equivalent focal lengths extending from a dimension below the diagonal of the image frame of the lens to above comprising from the object end a first positive group, a second negative group, and a rear positive group, at least two of said groups being movable to vary the equivalent focal ength of said lens, an aperture defining mechanism positioned behind said second group with no optical power therebetween, said second group comprising from the object end first and second negative components and a positive doublet, said doublet having a convex object side surface.

Claim 30

A lens having a range of equivalent focal lengths extending from a dimension below the diagonal of the image frame of the lens to above comprising from the object end a first positive group, a second negative group, and a rear positive group, at least two of said groups being movable to vary the equivalent focal ength of said lens, an aperture defining mechanism positioned behind said second group with no optical power therebetween, said second group comprising from the object end first and second negative components and a positive doublet, said doublet having a convex object side surface.

Claim 31

The lens of claim 27 further including a third positive group between said rear group and said second group, and an aperture defining means between said second group and said third group.

Claim 32

The lens of claim 27 where said second group from the object end comprises a negative meniscus convex toward the object end, a bi-concave component, and said positive doublet.

Claim 33

The lens of claim 27 where said first group moves axially in the same direction as said rear group to vary the equivalent focal length of said lens, while said third group moves in the opposite direction.

Claim 34

The lens of claim 30 where said first and fourth groups move in fixed relation.

Claim 35

The lens of claim 28 where 0.4<K.sub.1 /K.sub.M <1.0 2.0<|K.sub.2 /K.sub.M |<4.8 0.6<K.sub.R /K.sub.M <1.0 where K 1 , K 2 and K R are the optical powers of said first, second, and rear groups, and K M is the geometric mean of the lens at the extremes of its focal length range.

Claim 36

The lens of claim 31 where 0.7<K.sub.1 /K.sub.M <1.0 2.0<|K.sub.2 /K.sub.M |<4.8 0.6<K.sub.3 /K.sub.M <1.5 0.5<K.sub.R /K.sub.M <1.5 where K 1 , K 2 , K 3 and K R are the optical powers of said first, second and rear groups, K M is the geometric mean of the lens at the extremes of its focal length range.

Claim 37

A lens having a range of equivalent lengths extending from a dimension below the diagonal of the image frame to above, said lens from the object end consisting of a first positive group, a second negative group including a doublet convex to the object end, and a third positive group, at least two of said groups including said negative group being axially movable to vary the equivalent focal length of said lens, first, second, and third groups having powers K 1 , K 2 , and K R respectively, and 1.0>K.sub.1 /K.sub.M >0.4 4.8>K.sub.2 /K.sub.M >2.0 1.5>K.sub.2 /K.sub.R >0.5 where K M is the geometric mean of the powers of the lens at its extreme equivalent focal lengths.

Claim 38

A lens having a range of equivalent lengths extending from a dimension below the diagonal of the image frame to above, said lens from the object end consisting of a first positive group, a second negative group including a doublet convex to the object end, and a third positive group, at least two of said groups including said negative group being axially movable to vary the equivalent focal length of said lens, first, second, and third groups having powers K 1 , K 2 , and K R respectively, and 1.0>K.sub.1 /K.sub.M >0.4 4.8>K.sub.2 /K.sub.M >2.0 1.5>K.sub.2 /K.sub.R >0.5 where K M is the geometric mean of the powers of the lens at its extreme equivalent focal lengths.

Claim 39

A lens having a range of equivalent lengths extending from a dimension below the diagonal of the image frame to above said lens from the object and consisting of a first positive group, a second negative group including a doublet convex to the object end, a third positive group, and a fourth positive group at least two of said groups including said negative group being axially movable to vary the equivalent focal length of said lens, first, second, third, and fourth groups having powers K 1 , K 2 , K 3 and K R respectively, and 1.0>K.sub.1 /K.sub.M >0.7 4.8>K.sub.2 /K.sub.M >2.0 1.5>K.sub.3 /K.sub.M >0.6 1.5>K.sub.R /K.sub.M >0.5 where K M is the geometric mean of the powers of the lens at its extreme equivalent focal lengths.

Claim 40

A lens having a range of equivalent lengths extending from a dimension below the diagonal of the image frame to above said lens from the object and consisting of a first positive group, a second negative group including a doublet convex to the object end, a third positive group, and a fourth positive group at least two of said groups including said negative group being axially movable to vary the equivalent focal length of said lens, first, second, third, and fourth groups having powers K 1 , K 2 , K 3 and K R respectively, and 1.0>K.sub.1 /K.sub.M >0.7 4.8>K.sub.2 /K.sub.M >2.0 1.5>K.sub.3 /K.sub.M >0.6 1.5>K.sub.R /K.sub.M >0.5 where K M is the geometric mean of the powers of the lens at its extreme equivalent focal lengths.