US4331444A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Competitive immunoassay using silver halide fogging agent
Assignee: Fujifilm Holdings Corp
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Filing: 1980-03-03
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Granted: 1982-05-25
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Expires: 2000-03-03
Abstract
Abstract In a method for the immunological analysis of trace components by marking or labelling an antigen or antibody with a marker, an immune reaction is caused using an antigen or antibody marked with a fogging agent for silver halide, the labelled antigen or antibody is separated from the labelled antigen-antibody reaction product, the silver halide is developed in the presence of either one of the labelled antigen or antibody and the labelled antigen-antibody reaction product, and the density obtained is measured. The method is comparable to radioimmunoassay in having high reproductibility and sufficient sensitivity but does not involve any risk due to radiation.
Inventors
- 👤 Yuji Mihara
- 👤 Nobuhito Masuda
- 👤 Nobuo Hiratsuka
- 👤 Takushi Miyazako
- 👤 Shigeo Hirano
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 22:46
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/53; G01N33/536; G01N33/537; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S436/00; Y10S436/805
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
97 words
A method for performing a competitive immunoassay for a trace component in a sample comprising: (1) adding a labeled antigen or labeled antibody to said sample in a competitive immunoassay protocol, said label being a silver halide fogging agent, (2) permitting the immune reactions to take place, (3) separating the free labeled antigen or free labeled antibody from the resulting bound labeled antigen or bound labeled antibody, (4) developing silver halide in the presence of either free or bound labeled antigen or free or bound labeled antibody, and (5) measuring the optical density resulting from step (4).
Claim 2
Independent Claim
97 words
A method for performing a competitive immunoassay for a trace component in a sample comprising: (1) adding a labeled antigen or labeled antibody to said sample in a competitive immunoassay protocol, said label being a silver halide fogging agent, (2) permitting the immune reactions to take place, (3) separating the free labeled antigen or free labeled antibody from the resulting bound labeled antigen or bound labeled antibody, (4) developing silver halide in the presence of either free or bound labeled antigen or free or bound labeled antibody, and (5) measuring the optical density resulting from step (4).
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The competitive immunoassay of claim 1 wherein said silver halide fogging agent is a chemical sensitizer for photography.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
The competition immunoassay of claim 2 wherein said chemical sensitizer is capable of fogging silver halide and is selected from the group consisting of a sulfur-containing compound, a reducible compound and a metal complex.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
38 words
The competitive immunoassay of claim 3 wherein said sulfur-containing compound is selected from the group consisting of a compound having a thiocarbonyl group(A), a compound having a thioether group(B), a thiosulfuric acid, a thiophosphoric acid and derivatives thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
35 words
The competition immunoassay of claim 4 wherein said compound(A) is selected from the group consisting of thiourea, a dithiocarbamate, a trithiocarbonate, a dithio ester, a thioamide, a rhodanine, a thiohydantoin, a thiosemicarbazide and derivatives thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
The competitive immunoassay of claim 4 wherein said compound (B) is selected from the group consisting of a sulfide, a disulfide and a polysulfide.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
The competitive immunoassay of claim 3 wherein said reducible compound is selected from the group consisting of a hydrazine, a hydrazone, an amine, a polyamine, a cyclic amine, a hydroxylamine, a quaternary amine salt and derivatives thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
11 words
The competitive immunoassay of claim 7 wherein said hydrazine is 4-(2-formylhydrazino)phenylisothiocyanate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The competitive immunoassay of claim 7 wherein said hydrazone is 2-(2-isopropylidenehydrazino)phenyl isothiocyanate.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3791932A
Cited
US4205952A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-05-24 | 1985-11-23 | 1986-05-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-05-24 | 1989-11-23 | 1990-05-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-05-24 | 1993-11-23 | 1994-05-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |