US4351710A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Fractionation of protein mixtures
Assignee: Veolia WTS Systems USA Inc
•
Filing: 1980-12-15
•
Granted: 1982-09-28
•
Expires: 2000-12-15
Abstract
Abstract This invention relates to the separation of complex protein mixtures by lowering (desalting) or by raising (salting-out) their electrolytic (ionic) concentration by electrodialysis followed by chilling, pH adjustment, filtration, and/or centrifugation and optionally thereafter restoration of the lost electrolyte or removal of the gained electrolyte and water. This technique is especially adaptable for therapeutic plasma exchange performed in situ for immunepheresis i.e. removal of globulin or immunecomplexes implicated in autoimmune diseases. The techniques are also applicable for antihemophilic factor separation and purification, and separation of proteins from whey.
Inventors
- 👤 Surendar M. Jain
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 23:20
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D61/00; B01D61/42; B01D61/44; A; A23; A23C; A23C9/00; A23C9/14; A23C9/144; A23J; A23J1/00; A23J1/06; A61; A61M; A61M1/00; A61M1/34; A61M1/3472; A61M1/3482; A61M1/3486; B01D61/422; C; C07; C07K; C07K1/00; C07K1/14; C07K1/30; C07K1/303; C07K1/36; C07K16/00; C07K16/06; C07K16/065
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
151 words
A process for separating an aqueous protein mixture into fractions having intrinsically distinguishable compositions comprising removing substantially all the turbidity therefrom, subsequently decreasing the salt content thereof by passing said mixture at a velocity of between 3-40 cm/sec. into and out of an electrodialysis apparatus containing at least one pair of contiguous membranes defining a liquid flow chamber therebetween, impressing an electric current across said apparatus at about a CD/K=0.1 to 10 (where CD is current density in m-amps/cm 2 and K is the conductivity of the aqueous mixture in milli Siemens/cm) thereby altering the ionic environment of said mixture by decreasing its ionic concentration sufficiently to at least partially destabilize one or more proteins in said mixture, allowing said destabilized protein to form turbidity, subsequently removing substantially all of said turbidity and maintaining the temperature of said mixture during the said separation in the range of between about 0°-40° C.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
151 words
A process for separating an aqueous protein mixture into fractions having intrinsically distinguishable compositions comprising removing substantially all the turbidity therefrom, subsequently decreasing the salt content thereof by passing said mixture at a velocity of between 3-40 cm/sec. into and out of an electrodialysis apparatus containing at least one pair of contiguous membranes defining a liquid flow chamber therebetween, impressing an electric current across said apparatus at about a CD/K=0.1 to 10 (where CD is current density in m-amps/cm 2 and K is the conductivity of the aqueous mixture in milli Siemens/cm) thereby altering the ionic environment of said mixture by decreasing its ionic concentration sufficiently to at least partially destabilize one or more proteins in said mixture, allowing said destabilized protein to form turbidity, subsequently removing substantially all of said turbidity and maintaining the temperature of said mixture during the said separation in the range of between about 0°-40° C.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the ionic environment of said mixture is altered by decreasing its ionic concentration by at least about 10 percent.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the ionic environment of said mixture is altered by changing its pH substantially toward the isoelectric point of at least one of the said proteins.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the membranes of said electrodialysis apparatus are substantially non-ion selective.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein at least one of the said membranes in every contiguous pair is ion selective.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 5 wherein at least a substantial fraction of the electric current is direct current.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein one of the membranes in every contiguous pair is cation selective.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein one of the membranes in every contiguous pair is cation selective and the other is anion selective.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said subsequently removed turbidity is resolubilized.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
54 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said subsequently removed turbidity is at least in part resolubilized and the said resolubilized part is converted to a turbid insoluble fraction and a soluble fraction by again decreasing the ionic concentration by electrodialysis and the resulting turbid insoluble and soluble fraction are separated from each other.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said subsequently removed turbidity is at least partly resolubilized in electrolyte at least in part recovered by electrodialysis from said protein mixture and said resolubilized protein is then separated into at least two intrinsically distinguishable components.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said aqueous protein mixture comprises plasma proteins and the said subsequently removed turbidity comprises fibrinogen and antihemophilic factor.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said aqueous protein mixture comprises substantially undenaturated plasma and the said subsequently removed turbidity comprises immunoglobulins.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
63 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said aqueous protein mixture comprises plasma proteins, the subsequently removed turbidity comprises fibrinogen and antihemophilic factor which turbidity is resolubilized and separated into a fibrinogen rich fraction and an antihemophilic factor rich fraction by contacting with a material selected from the group consisting of ion exchange resin granules, gel permeation granules and mixtures of the same.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the aqueous protein mixture comprises plasma proteins and the subsequently removed turbidity comprises albumin.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 15 wherein the subsequently removed turbidity is resolubilized for use as a plasma expander.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein said aqueous protein mixture comprises whey.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said aqueous protein mixture comprises plasma proteins and the said subsequently removed turbidity comprises antihemophilic factor.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US1335986A
Cited
US1270271A
Cited
US1718282A
Cited
US2461505A
Cited
US2710293A
Cited
US3074851A
Cited
US3234199A
Cited
US3318771A
Cited
US3582488A
Cited
US3677923A
Cited
US3751356A
Cited
US3911915A
Cited
US3989613A
Cited
US4043895A
Cited
US3972791A
Cited
US4216205A
Cited
US4138501A
Cited
US4204929A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-09-27 | 1986-03-29 | 1986-09-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-09-27 | 1990-03-29 | 1990-09-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-09-27 | 1994-03-29 | 1994-09-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |