US4385107A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Dry toners comprising a colorant and graph copolymer comprising a crystalline polymer and an amorphous polymer and processes using the same
Assignee: Fujifilm Holdings Corp
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Filing: 1981-05-01
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Granted: 1983-05-24
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Expires: 2001-05-01
Abstract
Abstract A dry toner that is heat-fixable and/or press-fixable is disclosed, comprising (a) a colorant; and (b) a graft copolymer comprising (i) a crystalline polymer having a melting point of from 45° C. to 200° C., which is prepared from one or more monomers selected from ethylene, propylene and vinyl acetate, and (ii) an amorphous polymer having a glass transition point of 45° C. or more, which is prepared from one or more vinyl monomers.
Inventors
- 👤 Koichi Tanaka
- 👤 Yoshimi Amagai
- 👤 Shigeo Aonuma
- 👤 Hiroshi Takayama
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 23:12
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08784; G03G9/08786; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S430/00; Y10S430/001; Y10S430/105
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
134 words
A toner comprising (a) a colorant; and (b) a graft copolymer comprising (i) a crystalline polymer having a melting point of from 45° C. to 200° C., which is prepared from one or more monomers selected from ethylene, propylene and vinyl acetate, and (ii) an amorphous polymer having a glass transition point of 45° C. or more, which is prepared from one or more vinyl monomers, wherein said graft polymer has a glass transition point of 40° to 70° C., a number average molecular weight of 5,000 to 30,000 and a weight average molecular weight of from 30,000 to 500,000, and wherein said crystalline polymer has a glass transition point of 20° to -100° C., a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 20,000 and a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 100,000.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
134 words
A toner comprising (a) a colorant; and (b) a graft copolymer comprising (i) a crystalline polymer having a melting point of from 45° C. to 200° C., which is prepared from one or more monomers selected from ethylene, propylene and vinyl acetate, and (ii) an amorphous polymer having a glass transition point of 45° C. or more, which is prepared from one or more vinyl monomers, wherein said graft polymer has a glass transition point of 40° to 70° C., a number average molecular weight of 5,000 to 30,000 and a weight average molecular weight of from 30,000 to 500,000, and wherein said crystalline polymer has a glass transition point of 20° to -100° C., a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 20,000 and a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 100,000.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
A toner as in claim 1 that is heat-fixable, wherein the proportion of the crystalline polymer is from 1 to 30% by weight based on the weight of the graft copolymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
A toner as in claim 1 that is press-fixable, wherein the proportion of the crystalline polymer is from 15 to 70% by weight based on the weight of the graft copolymer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
A toner as in claim 1 that is heat-fixable and press-fixable, wherein the proportion of the crystalline polymer is from 15 to 30% by weight based on the weight of the graft copolymer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
38 words
A toner as in claim 1, wherein the crystalline polymer is polyethylene, polypropylene, or ethylene-propylene copolymer, and the number average molecular weight is from 1,500 to 7,000 and the weight average molecular weight is from 2,000 to 15,000.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
37 words
A toner as in claim 1, wherein the crystalline polymer is a copolymer comprising vinyl acetate in an amount of from 10 to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of monomers of the crystalline polymer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
A toner as in claim 6, wherein the crystalline polymer is a copolymer comprising vinyl acetate in an amount of from 10 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of monomers of the crystalline polymer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
A toner as in claim 2, wherein the proportion of the crystalline polymer is from 5 to 15% by weight based on the weight of the graft copolymer.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
A toner as in claim 3, wherein the proportion of the crystalline polymer is from 20 to 50% by weight based on the weight of the graft copolymer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
A toner as in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the average particle size is about 30μ or less.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
A toner as in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the average particle size is from 10μ to 20μ.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
25 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the crystalline polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, an ethylene-propylene copolymer and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
170 words
A process for fixing a toner image comprising passing a support bearing thereon a toner image through a pair of heat rolls without supplying a liquid capable of preventing an off-set phenomenon to the heat rolls, said toner comprising (a) a colorant; and (b) a graft copolymer comprising (i) a crystalline polymer having a melting point of from 45° C. to 200° C., which is prepared from one or more monomers selected from ethylene, propylene and vinyl acetate, and (ii) an amorphous polymer having a glass transition point of 45° C. or more, which is prepared from one or more vinyl monomers, wherein said graft polymer has a glass transition point of 40° to 70° C., a number average molecular weight of 5,000 to 30,000 and a weight average molecular weight of from 30,000 to 500,000, and wherein said crystalline polymer has a glass transition point of 20° to -100° C., a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 20,000 and a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 100,000.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
170 words
A process for fixing a toner image comprising passing a support bearing thereon a toner image through a pair of heat rolls without supplying a liquid capable of preventing an off-set phenomenon to the heat rolls, said toner comprising (a) a colorant; and (b) a graft copolymer comprising (i) a crystalline polymer having a melting point of from 45° C. to 200° C., which is prepared from one or more monomers selected from ethylene, propylene and vinyl acetate, and (ii) an amorphous polymer having a glass transition point of 45° C. or more, which is prepared from one or more vinyl monomers, wherein said graft polymer has a glass transition point of 40° to 70° C., a number average molecular weight of 5,000 to 30,000 and a weight average molecular weight of from 30,000 to 500,000, and wherein said crystalline polymer has a glass transition point of 20° to -100° C., a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 20,000 and a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 100,000.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process as in claim 13, wherein the proportion of the crystalline polymer is from 1 to 30% by weight based on the weight of the graft copolymer.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as claimed in claim 13, wherein said crystalline polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, an ethylene-propylene copolymer and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
166 words
A process for fixing a toner image comprising passing a support bearing thereon a toner image through a pair of press rolls at the linear pressure of from 20 to 40 kg/cm, said toner comprising (a) a colorant; and (b) a graft copolymer comprising (i) a crystalline polymer having a melting point of from 45° C. to 200° C., which is prepared from one or more monomers selected from ethylene, propylene and vinyl acetate, and (ii) an amorphous polymer having a glass transition point of 45° C. or more, which is prepared from one or more vinyl monomers, wherein said graft polymer has a glass transition point of 40° to 70° C., a number average molecular weight of 5,000 to 30,000 and a weight average molecular weight of from 30,000 to 500,000, and wherein said crystalline polymer has a glass transition point of 20° to -100° C., a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 20,000 and a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 100,000.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
166 words
A process for fixing a toner image comprising passing a support bearing thereon a toner image through a pair of press rolls at the linear pressure of from 20 to 40 kg/cm, said toner comprising (a) a colorant; and (b) a graft copolymer comprising (i) a crystalline polymer having a melting point of from 45° C. to 200° C., which is prepared from one or more monomers selected from ethylene, propylene and vinyl acetate, and (ii) an amorphous polymer having a glass transition point of 45° C. or more, which is prepared from one or more vinyl monomers, wherein said graft polymer has a glass transition point of 40° to 70° C., a number average molecular weight of 5,000 to 30,000 and a weight average molecular weight of from 30,000 to 500,000, and wherein said crystalline polymer has a glass transition point of 20° to -100° C., a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 20,000 and a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 100,000.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process as in claim 16, wherein the proportion of the crystalline polymer is from 15 to 70% by weight based on the weight of the graft copolymer.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as claimed in claim 16, wherein said crystalline polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, an ethylene-propylene copolymer and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-05-23 | 1986-11-22 | 1987-05-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-05-23 | 1990-11-22 | 1991-05-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-05-23 | 1994-11-22 | 1995-05-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |