US4393185A
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Thermally polymerizable mixtures and processes for the thermally-initiated polymerization of cationically polymerizable compounds
Assignee: Novartis Corp
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Filing: 1982-05-21
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Granted: 1983-07-12
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Expires: 2002-05-21
Abstract
Abstract Cationically polymerizable compounds, in particular epoxy compounds, can be polymerized by heating in the presence of a catalyst and a co-catalyst. The catalyst employed is a quaternary ammonium salt of an aromatic-heterocyclic compound which contains 1 or 2 N-atoms, and a complex halide anion, e.g. PF 6 .sup.⊖. The co-catalyst employed is a diaryl ethane derivative, preferably benzpinacol, a silyl oligomer thereof, an organic per compound or a quinone.
Inventors
- 👤 Godwin Berner
- 👤 Rudolf Kirchmayr
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 16:02
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08K; C08K5/00; C08K5/16; C08K5/34; C08K5/3442; C08K5/3462; C08G; C08G59/00; C08G59/18; C08G59/68; C08K5/3412; C08K5/3432
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 6
Claim 1
Independent Claim
197 words
A thermally polymerisable mixture which comprises (A) one or more cationally polymerisable compounds, (B) a quaternary ammonium salt of an aromatic-heterocyclic compound which contains 1 or 2 N-atoms, and of a complex halide anion selected from the series consisting of BF 4 .sup.⊖, PF 6 .sup.⊖, SbF 6 .sup.⊖, SbF 5 (OH).sup.⊖ or AsF 6 .sup.⊖, (C) a thermal radical former selected from one of the following classes (C 1 ) diaryl ethane derivatives of the formula I ##STR12## wherein Ar is phenyl, naphthyl or phenyl which is substituted by C 1 -C 4 alkyl or chlorine, R 1 is OH, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, --O--CO--R 3 or --Osi(R 4 )(R 5 )(R 6 ), wherein R 3 is C 1 -C 8 alkyl or phenyl, and each of R 4 , R 5 and R 6 independently of the other is C 1 -C 4 alkyl or phenyl, and R 2 is C 1 -C 4 alkyl, cyclohexyl or Ar, (C 2 ) an oligomeric compound of the Formula II ##STR13## wherein m is 2 to 20, (C 3 ) an organic peroxide compound or (C 4 ) a quinone, and (D) optionally further additives.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
197 words
A thermally polymerisable mixture which comprises (A) one or more cationally polymerisable compounds, (B) a quaternary ammonium salt of an aromatic-heterocyclic compound which contains 1 or 2 N-atoms, and of a complex halide anion selected from the series consisting of BF 4 .sup.⊖, PF 6 .sup.⊖, SbF 6 .sup.⊖, SbF 5 (OH).sup.⊖ or AsF 6 .sup.⊖, (C) a thermal radical former selected from one of the following classes (C 1 ) diaryl ethane derivatives of the formula I ##STR12## wherein Ar is phenyl, naphthyl or phenyl which is substituted by C 1 -C 4 alkyl or chlorine, R 1 is OH, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, --O--CO--R 3 or --Osi(R 4 )(R 5 )(R 6 ), wherein R 3 is C 1 -C 8 alkyl or phenyl, and each of R 4 , R 5 and R 6 independently of the other is C 1 -C 4 alkyl or phenyl, and R 2 is C 1 -C 4 alkyl, cyclohexyl or Ar, (C 2 ) an oligomeric compound of the Formula II ##STR13## wherein m is 2 to 20, (C 3 ) an organic peroxide compound or (C 4 ) a quinone, and (D) optionally further additives.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
124 words
A mixture according to claim 1, which contains, as component (B), a compound of the formula III, IV or V ##STR14## wherein R 9 is C 1 -C 12 alkyl, C 3 -C 15 alkoxyalkyl or benzoylmethyl, each of R 10 , R 11 , R 13 and R 14 independently of the other is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl or phenyl, or R 10 and R 11 or R 11 or R 12 or R 12 and R 13 or R 13 and R 14 , together with the two carbon atoms to which they are attached, are a fused benzo, naphtho, pyridino or quinolino radical, and X is BF 4 , PF 6 , SbF 5 (OH) or AsF 6 .
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A mixture according to claim 1 which contains, as compoment (A), one or more epoxy compounds.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
38 words
A mixture according to claim 1, which contains, as component (C), an organic peroxide compound of the formula R--O--O--R', wherein R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkanoyl or aroyl, and R' is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkanoyl or aroyl.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
86 words
A process for the thermal polymerisation of cationically polymerisable compounds or mixtures of compounds by heating in the presence of a catalyst and a co-catalyst, which process comprises using as catalyst a quaternary ammonium salt of an aromatic-heterocyclic compound which contains 1 or 2 N-atoms, and a complex halide anion selected from the group consisting of BF 4 .sup.⊖, PF 6 .sup.⊖, SbF 6 .sup.⊖, SbF 5 (OH).sup.⊖ or AsF 6 .sup.⊖, and, as co-catalyst, a thermal radical former according to component (C) of claim 1.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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