US4416854A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method for killing water borne microorganisms
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 1983-03-29
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Granted: 1983-11-22
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Expires: 2003-03-29
Abstract
Abstract A method for killing water borne microorganisms comprises reacting two electrolytically-reactive elemental metals in water to dissolve sufficient metal ions to kill algae and coliform bacteria, without making the water unsafe for human use. Lead, copper and zinc are examples of such metals. Apparatus for performing the method comprises a perforated container of chips of such metals. A small version of the device can be used in toilet reservoirs to prevent the growth of microorganisms within the toilet bowl. A larger version of the device, submerged in a swimming pool, effectively prevents the growth of algae or coliform bacteria, substantially reducing or eliminating the need for chlorine. One embodiment of the device has an elongated cylindrical container with perforated side and bottom walls and a hook at its upper end for suspending the device in a swimming pool or toilet reservoir. A second embodiment of the device has a vertically elongated, broad-based container with only a lower portion of its side walls perforated. An air bubble retained inside the container when immersed in water helps keep the container upright.
Inventors
- 👤 James W. Nielsen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 16:09
CPC Classifications
E; E04; E04D; E04D13/00; E04D13/002; A; A01; A01N; A01N59/00; A01N59/16; A01N59/20; A61; A61L; A61L2/00; A61L2/02; A61L2/03; A61L2/035; C; C02; C02F; C02F1/00; C02F1/46; C02F1/461; C02F1/46104; C02F1/46176; C02F1/50; C02F1/505; C02F1/4606
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 7
Claim 1
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for killing microorganisms including E. coli in a swimming pool, comprising: intermixed chips of at least two electrolytically reactive elemental metals from a group including zinc, copper and lead; immersing said chips in contact with one another into said pool; admitting water into interstices between said chips to electrolytically react the metals to produce a biocidal metal ion solution; and releasing said solution into said pool to kill microorganisms therein, including E. coli.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for killing microorganisms including E. coli in a swimming pool, comprising: intermixed chips of at least two electrolytically reactive elemental metals from a group including zinc, copper and lead; immersing said chips in contact with one another into said pool; admitting water into interstices between said chips to electrolytically react the metals to produce a biocidal metal ion solution; and releasing said solution into said pool to kill microorganisms therein, including E. coli.
Claim 3
Independent Claim
81 words
A method for killing microorganisms including E. coli in the bowl of a toilet, comprising: intermixing chips of at least two electrolytically reactive elemental metals from a group including zinc, copper and lead; immersing said chips in contact with one another into the tank of said toilet; admitting water into interstices between said chips to electrolytically react the metals to produce a biocidal metal ion solution; and releasing said solution into said toilet bowl to kill microorganisms therein, including E. coli.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
81 words
A method for killing microorganisms including E. coli in the bowl of a toilet, comprising: intermixing chips of at least two electrolytically reactive elemental metals from a group including zinc, copper and lead; immersing said chips in contact with one another into the tank of said toilet; admitting water into interstices between said chips to electrolytically react the metals to produce a biocidal metal ion solution; and releasing said solution into said toilet bowl to kill microorganisms therein, including E. coli.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
100 words
A method for killing algae and coliform bacteria in a substantially closed body of water intended for use by vertebrates comprising: electrolytically reacting at least two elemental metals from a group including zinc, copper and lead in contact with said water to establish a biocidal solution effective to kill algae and coliform bacteria, the solution containing a dissolved ion concentration of each of said metals substantially less than an amount that would render the water unsafe for use by vertebrates including humans; the concentration of chlorine in said body of water being less than 0.1 milligrams per liter of water.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
100 words
A method for killing algae and coliform bacteria in a substantially closed body of water intended for use by vertebrates comprising: electrolytically reacting at least two elemental metals from a group including zinc, copper and lead in contact with said water to establish a biocidal solution effective to kill algae and coliform bacteria, the solution containing a dissolved ion concentration of each of said metals substantially less than an amount that would render the water unsafe for use by vertebrates including humans; the concentration of chlorine in said body of water being less than 0.1 milligrams per liter of water.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
41 words
A method according to claim 3 in which lead and copper are reacted to produce a lead ion concentration in the water of less than 0.02 milligrams per liter and a copper ion concentration between 0.03 and 0.14 milligrams per liter.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-11-21 | 1987-05-23 | 1987-11-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-11-21 | 1991-05-23 | 1991-11-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-11-21 | 1995-05-23 | 1995-11-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |