Patent EP0160146A2 successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4428895A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Composite inorganic structures and process of producing same
Assignee: Albank FSB
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Filing: 1982-09-27
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Granted: 1984-01-31
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Expires: 2002-09-27
Abstract
Abstract Composite inorganic articles are produced by bringing two separate inorganic slurries, each containing different ceramic materials, into contact with each other, simultaneously freezing the slurries while in contact with each other to form a unified frozen structure, thawing and drying the structure, and firing the unified structure.
Inventors
- 👤 Earl Blasch
- 👤 Robert Smith-Johannsen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 06:47
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B35/00; C04B35/01; C04B35/48; C04B35/486; B; B22; B22F; B22F3/00; B22F3/22; B22F3/222; C04B35/10; C04B35/101; C04B35/488; C04B35/622; C04B35/626; C04B35/63; C04B35/6303; C04B35/6316
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
183 words
A process for making a composite inorganic article which comprises forming a first slurry composed of inorganic particles and a freeze-sensitive colloidal ceramic sol, forming at least a second slurry composed of diffferent inorganic particles having a different mass thermal coefficient of expansion than the inorganic particles contained in the first slurry and a freeze-sensitive colloidal ceramic sol which can be the same as or different from the colloidal sol used in said first slurry, bringing the slurries into physical contact with each other in a layered fashion without substantial intermixing thereof, simultaneously freezing the layered slurries in a cooling media while in contact with each other to form a unified structure that is characterized by an interfacial bond of sufficient strength to withstand temperatures of at least about 3000° F. and having high thermal shock resistance and wherein the difference between the two mass thermal coefficients of expansion, although sufficient to cause disruption of the interfacial bond resulting from conventional processes for producing composite inorganic articles, does not cause disruption of the interfacial bond at temperatures of at least about 3000° F.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
183 words
A process for making a composite inorganic article which comprises forming a first slurry composed of inorganic particles and a freeze-sensitive colloidal ceramic sol, forming at least a second slurry composed of diffferent inorganic particles having a different mass thermal coefficient of expansion than the inorganic particles contained in the first slurry and a freeze-sensitive colloidal ceramic sol which can be the same as or different from the colloidal sol used in said first slurry, bringing the slurries into physical contact with each other in a layered fashion without substantial intermixing thereof, simultaneously freezing the layered slurries in a cooling media while in contact with each other to form a unified structure that is characterized by an interfacial bond of sufficient strength to withstand temperatures of at least about 3000° F. and having high thermal shock resistance and wherein the difference between the two mass thermal coefficients of expansion, although sufficient to cause disruption of the interfacial bond resulting from conventional processes for producing composite inorganic articles, does not cause disruption of the interfacial bond at temperatures of at least about 3000° F.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process according to claim 1 in which the sol is a silica sol.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process according to claim 1 in which the slurries are supercooled before freezing.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process according to claim 4 in which the cooling media is hydrophobic.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process according to one of claims 1 or 3 in which both of the ceramic sols are lithium stabilized.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process according to one of claims 1 or 5 in which the slurries contain lithium ions in a sufficient amount to inhibit ice crystal growth.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
128 words
A process for making a composite ceramic article which comprises forming a first slurry composed of a ceramic material and a freeze sensitive aqueous colloidal ceramic sol, forming at least a second slurry of a different ceramic material having a different mass thermal coefficient of expansion than the ceramic material contained in the first slurry and a freeze sensitive aqueous colloidal ceramic sol which can be the same as or different from the colloidal ceramic sol used in the first slurry, bringing the slurries into physical contact with each other in a layered fashion without substantial intermixing thereof, simultaneously freezing the layered slurries in a cooling media while in contact with each other to form a unified structure having a strong interfacial bond and firing the unified structure.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
128 words
A process for making a composite ceramic article which comprises forming a first slurry composed of a ceramic material and a freeze sensitive aqueous colloidal ceramic sol, forming at least a second slurry of a different ceramic material having a different mass thermal coefficient of expansion than the ceramic material contained in the first slurry and a freeze sensitive aqueous colloidal ceramic sol which can be the same as or different from the colloidal ceramic sol used in the first slurry, bringing the slurries into physical contact with each other in a layered fashion without substantial intermixing thereof, simultaneously freezing the layered slurries in a cooling media while in contact with each other to form a unified structure having a strong interfacial bond and firing the unified structure.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process according to claim 7, in which the slurries are supercooled before freezing.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process according to claim 8 in which the sol is a silica sol.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process according to claim 9 in which the cooling media is hydrophobic.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
47 words
The process according to claim 9 in which one of the ceramics is zirconia and in which the sol is a sodium stabilized silica sol and the zeta potential of the particles in the slurry is adjusted to cause association of the ceramic and ceramic sol particles.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process according to claim 12 in which the zeta potential is adjusted by lowering the pH of the slurry below 10 and preferably to about 8.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process according to one of claims 8 or 10 in which the sol is a lithium stabilized silica sol.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process according to one of claims 7, 8, 9 or 10 in which the slurries contain lithium ions in a sufficient amount to inhibit crystal growth.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
52 words
The process according to one of claims 7 or 9 in which one of the ceramics is magnesia and which contains a sufficient amount of lithium ion in the magnesia-ceramic sol mixture to increase the pot life of the magnesia-ceramic sol mixture for a sufficient time to effect freezing of the composite.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process according to claim 1 in which a hydrophobic liquid is interposed between the slurries and the mold surfaces holding the slurries prior to freeze casting of said slurries.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-01-30 | 1987-08-01 | 1988-01-31 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-01-30 | 1991-08-01 | 1992-01-31 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-01-30 | 1995-08-01 | 1996-01-31 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |