US4452604A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Decorative sheets and coverings comprising polyvinyl chloride and cationic dyestuffs
Assignee: Armstrong World Industries Inc
•
Filing: 1983-10-11
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Granted: 1984-06-05
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Expires: 2003-10-11
Abstract
Abstract The present invention concerns our discovery that decorative sheets and coverings comprising polyvinyl chloride and having substantially non-migratable through-color images may be prepared using cationic dyestuffs. These coverings may be prepared by providing a variety of polyvinyl chloride-containing substrates with image compositions comprising cationic dyestuffs and a suitable binder, and then treating these materials such that the cationic dyestuffs migrate into the substrate. Through-color images are obtained which are substantially non-migrating, even under severe conditions.
Inventors
- 👤 Ronald S. Lenox
- 👤 Anne L. Schwartz
- 👤 Moses Sparks, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 20:36
CPC Classifications
D; D06; D06N; D06N3/00; D06N3/0086; D06N3/0095; B; B41; B41M; B41M1/00; B41M1/26; B41M1/30; B41M5/00; B41M5/025; B41M5/035; B41M5/0356; B44; B44C; B44C1/00; B44C1/16; B44C1/165; B44C1/17; B44C1/1712; B44C1/1716; D06N7/00; D06N7/0005; D06N7/0028; B41M5/26; B41M5/382; B41M5/392; B41M5/395; B41M5/50; B41M5/52; B41M5/5254
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 51
Claim 1
Independent Claim
76 words
A process for preparing a decorative sheet comprising polyvinyl chloride and a substantially non-migratable image, said process comprising the steps of selecting a substrate comprising polyvinyl chloride, interfacing an image composition with said substrate, said image composition comprising at least one cationic dyestuff and a binder, and heating said interfaced substrate and image composition to migrate said dyestuff into said substrate, said binder being of a type which will not substantially impede migration of said dyestuff.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
76 words
A process for preparing a decorative sheet comprising polyvinyl chloride and a substantially non-migratable image, said process comprising the steps of selecting a substrate comprising polyvinyl chloride, interfacing an image composition with said substrate, said image composition comprising at least one cationic dyestuff and a binder, and heating said interfaced substrate and image composition to migrate said dyestuff into said substrate, said binder being of a type which will not substantially impede migration of said dyestuff.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
The invention as set forth in claim 1 hereof wherein migration is achieved by heating at from about 180° to about 380° F. for from about 1 to about 300 seconds.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
The invention as set forth in claim 1 hereof wherein migration is achieved by heating at from about 270° to about 350° F. for from about 1 to about 100 seconds.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
The invention as set forth in claims 1, 2 or 3 hereof wherein a pressure of from 0 to about 500 psi is applied during migration.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The invention as set forth in claim 4 hereof wherein said pressure is from about 10 to about 50 psi.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The invention as set forth in claims 1, 2 or 3 hereof wherein said binder comprises at least one polyvinyl acetal, cellulose ether or mixture thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
The invention as set forth in claim 6 hereof wherein said binder is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl butyral, ethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
21 words
The invention as set forth in claims 1, 2 or 3 hereof wherein said dyestuff has a relatively delocalized ionic charge.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
The invention as set forth in claims 1, 2 or 3 hereof wherein said substrate is directly imaged with said image composition.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as set forth in claim 9 hereof wherein imaging is accomplished using a printing process.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The invention as set forth in claim 9 hereof wherein imaging is accomplished using a hand application technique.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as set forth in claim 9 hereof wherein imaging is accomplished using powder dispersion.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
The invention as set forth in claims 1, 2 or 3 hereof wherein said image composition is provided by transfer printing said substrate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
56 words
The invention as set forth in claim 13 hereof comprising the steps of imaging said transfer sheet with said image composition, interfacing the imaged transfer sheet with said substrate such that said image composition is substantially in contact with said substrate, and separating said transfer sheet from said substrate after migration of said dyestuff is complete.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as set forth in claim 14 hereof wherein imaging is accomplished using a process.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
18 words
The invention as set forth in claim 14 hereof wherein imaging is accomplished using a hand application technique.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as set forth in claim 14 hereof wherein imaging is accomplished using powder dispersion.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
The invention as set forth in claim 14 hereof wherein said image composition remains on said transfer sheet after separation.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
32 words
The invention as set forth in claim 14 hereof wherein said transfer sheet comprises a clay-coated kraft paper coated with a material that facilitates release of said transfer sheet from said substrate.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
31 words
The invention as set forth in claim 19 hereof wherein said material that facilitates release is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose or mixtures thereof.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as set forth in claim 14 hereof wherein said transfer sheet comprises a foil.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as set forth in claim 14 hereof wherein said transfer sheet comprises a polyester film.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
29 words
The invention as set forth in claims 1, 2 or 3 hereof wherein said substrate is interfaced with a support surface that has been imaged with said image composition.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as set forth in claim 23 hereof wherein imaging is accomplished using a printing process.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
18 words
The invention as set forth in claim 23 hereof wherein imaging is accomplished using a hand application technique.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as set forth in claim 23 hereof wherein imaging is accomplished using powder dispersion.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
17 words
A decorative sheet comprising polyvinyl chloride and a substantially non-migratable image comprising at least one cationic dyestuff.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
17 words
A decorative sheet comprising polyvinyl chloride and a substantially non-migratable image comprising at least one cationic dyestuff.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
66 words
The invention as set forth in claim 27 hereof, said sheet being obtained by interfacing an image composition with a substrate comprising polyvinyl chloride, said image composition comprising at least one cationic dyestuff and a binder, and heating said interfaced substrate and image composition to migrate said dyestuff into said substrate, said binder being of a type which will not substantially impede migration of said dyestuff.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as set forth in claim 28 hereof wherein said sheet comprises a polyvinyl chloride homopolymer.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
18 words
The invention as set forth in claim 28 hereof wherein said sheet comprises a copolymer of vinyl chloride.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
33 words
The invention as set forth in claim 30 hereof wherein said vinyl chloride is copolymerized with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate and acrylic acid.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
22 words
The invention as set forth in claims 27, 28, 29, 30 or 31 hereof wherein said sheet comprises a substantially through-color image.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
20 words
The invention as set forth in claim 32 hereof wherein said sheet is a floor covering comprising a backing material.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
31 words
The invention as set forth in claims 27, 28, 29, 30 or 31 hereof wherein said sheet comprises a plurality of substantially through-color layers, said sheet demonstrating a substantially three-dimensional appearance.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
20 words
The invention as set forth in claim 34 hereof wherein said sheet is a floor covering comprising a backing material.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
32 words
A decorative floor covering, said covering comprising a backing, and a substrate comprising polyvinyl chloride adhered to said backing, said substrate comprising a substantially non-migratable image comprising at least one cationic dyestuff.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
32 words
A decorative floor covering, said covering comprising a backing, and a substrate comprising polyvinyl chloride adhered to said backing, said substrate comprising a substantially non-migratable image comprising at least one cationic dyestuff.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as set forth in claim 36, hereof wherein said substrate comprises a substantially through-color image.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
20 words
The invention as set forth in claim 36 hereof wherein said substrate comprises a plurality of layers comprising through-color images.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as set forth in claim 38 hereof wherein said substrate has a three-dimensional appearance.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
21 words
The invention as set forth in claims 36, 37, 38 or 39 hereof wherein said floor covering is a sheet flooring.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as set forth in claim 40 wherein said sheet flooring comprises a through-color wear layer.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
21 words
The invention as set forth in claims 36, 37, 38 or 39 hereof wherein said floor covering is a floor tile.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
18 words
The invention as set forth in claim 42 hereof wherein said floor tile has a through-color wear layer.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
51 words
A composite adaptable to provide a polyvinyl chloride-containing substrate comprising a substantially non-migratable through-color image, said composite comprising an image composition interfaced with a substrate comprising polyvinyl chloride, said image composition consisting essentially of at least one cationic dyestuff and a binder which will not substantially impede migration of said dyestuff.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
51 words
A composite adaptable to provide a polyvinyl chloride-containing substrate comprising a substantially non-migratable through-color image, said composite comprising an image composition interfaced with a substrate comprising polyvinyl chloride, said image composition consisting essentially of at least one cationic dyestuff and a binder which will not substantially impede migration of said dyestuff.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as set forth in claim 44 hereof wherein said dyestuff has a delocalized ionic charge.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
23 words
The invention as set forth in claim 44 hereof wherein said binder comprises at least one polyvinyl acetal, cellulose ether or mixture thereof.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
26 words
The invention as set forth in claim 46 hereof wherein said binder is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl butyral, methyl cellulose and ethyl cellulose.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-06-05 | 1987-12-05 | 1988-06-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-06-05 | 1991-12-05 | 1992-06-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-06-05 | 1995-12-05 | 1996-06-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |