US4495040A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Photomagnetic catalysis process
Assignee: MASSACHUSETTS BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT Corp
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Filing: 1983-05-12
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Granted: 1985-01-22
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Expires: 2003-05-12
Abstract
Abstract The method of catalyzing a chemical reaction in a substance of a type in which a chemical reaction can be catalyzed by the combined effects of a magnetic field and electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetic radiation and a pulsed magnetic field of sufficient (and greater than ambient) strength is applied to the substance to catalyze the chemical reaction, the magnetic field being other than that of the electromagnetic radiation.
Inventors
- 👤 C. Richard Panico
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 01:11
CPC Classifications
B; B05; B05D; B05D3/00; B05D3/06; B01; B01J; B01J19/00; B01J19/08; B01J19/087; B01J19/12; B01J19/122; B01J19/123
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 31
Claim 1
Independent Claim
92 words
The method of catalyzing a chemical reaction in a substance of a type in which a chemical reaction can be catalyzed by the combined effects of a magnetic field and electromagnetic radiation, said method comprising the step of applying to said substance electromagnetic radiation and a pulsed magnetic field of sufficient (and greater than ambient) strength to catalyze said chemical reaction, said magnetic field being generated by means other than a discharge through a straight or flat serpentine flash lamp, and said magnetic field being other than that of said electromagnetic radiation.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
92 words
The method of catalyzing a chemical reaction in a substance of a type in which a chemical reaction can be catalyzed by the combined effects of a magnetic field and electromagnetic radiation, said method comprising the step of applying to said substance electromagnetic radiation and a pulsed magnetic field of sufficient (and greater than ambient) strength to catalyze said chemical reaction, said magnetic field being generated by means other than a discharge through a straight or flat serpentine flash lamp, and said magnetic field being other than that of said electromagnetic radiation.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said magnetic field and electromagnetic radiation are applied, at least for a time, simultaneously.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said electromagnetic radiation is the discharge from a flash lamp.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 3 wherein said electromagnetic radiation includes components in the ultraviolet spectrum.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said magnetic field and electromagnetic radiation are time varying and the peak magnetic induction exceeds ambient levels.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the average magnetic induction is on the same order of or less than ambient levels.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said electromagnetic radiation is pulsed from one level to another.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said electromagnetic radiation has a peak intensity greater than 0.1 joules/cm 2 at the surface of said substance.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 8 wherein said magnetic field has a peak magnetic induction greater than 25 gauss at the surface of said substance.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said catalyzed chemical reaction is polymerization.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said substance is unsaturated monomers.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
42 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said electromagnetic radiation is provided by one or more discharges from a flash lamp and wherein said substance is of a type requiring exposure to deep-UV radiation to produce said polymerization when radiation is applied continuously.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said substance consists of a carbon composite structure.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said substance consists of an opaque material so thick that said chemical reaction cannot be catalyzed throughout its depth by exposure only to electromagnetic radiation.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said substance is moved with respect to said magnetic field and electromagnetic radiation while said chemical reaction is being catalyzed.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 15 wherein said substance consists of a liquid drawn through a pipe which is exposed to said magnetic field and electromagnetic radiation.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 15 wherein said substance consists of the plastic wall of a pipe drawn past said magnetic field and electromagnetic radiation.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 15 wherein said substance consists of a coating on a continuously moving sheet.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said substance consists of a photoresist.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 19 wherein said photoresist consists of a coating on the exposed surface of a semiconductor wafer.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
10 words
The method of claim 20 wherein said photoresist is novolak-resin-based.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said magnetic field is generated by other than a discharge through a flash lamp.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 22 wherein said magnetic field is generated without the generation of light.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 23 wherein said magnetic field is generated through by passing a current through an elongated electrical conductor.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 24 wherein said electrical conductor is wound in a flat spiral and said substance is positioned generally in a plane spaced from said spiral.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 25 wherein the windings of said spiral are circular.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 24 wherein said electrical conductor is wound in a helix and said substance is moved through the interior of said helix.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said substance is of a type in which the degree to which said chemical reaction is catalyzed is substantially greater when said substance is subjected to said combined electromagnetic radiation and magnetic field than when subjected only to electromagnetic radiation.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 28 wherein said chemical reaction is polymerization.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said magnetic field is generated by other than a discharge through a flat spiral flash lamp.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-01-22 | 1988-07-23 | 1989-01-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-01-22 | 1992-07-23 | 1993-01-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-01-22 | 1996-07-23 | 1997-01-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |