US4579803A — Liquid developer for electrostatic photography

Claim 1

Independent Claim 358 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography containing, in a nonaqueous solvent having an electrical resistance of 10 9 Ω·cm or more and a dielectric constant of 3.5 or less, (i) a toner containing a resin as a main component and (ii) a copolymer comprising two repeating units represented by formula (Ia) or (Ib) and formula (II): ##STR9## wherein X 1 is a group for connecting an atomic group L 1 to the main chain, and represents --O--, --CH 2 OCO--, --OCO--, or --COO--; L 1 represents an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group; L 2 represents an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group each of which contains 6 or more carbon atoms; Y 1 and Y 2 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R 1 and R 2 each represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group, or R 1 and R 2 combine with each other to form a closed ring; and M 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a metal atom, or an ammonium salt or a quaternary salt of an organic base; or a copolymer comprising three repeating units represented by formula (IIIa) or (IIIb), formula (IV) and formula (V): ##STR10## wherein X 2 is a group for connecting an atomic group L 3 to the main chain, and represents --O--, --CH 2 OCO--, --OCO--, or --COO--; L 3 represents an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group; Y 3 and Y 4 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R 3 and R 4 each represents a hydrogen atom, an alipahtic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group, or R 3 and R 4 combine with each other to form a closed ring; M 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a metal atom, or an ammonium salt or a quaternary salt of an organic base; and R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 358 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography containing, in a nonaqueous solvent having an electrical resistance of 10 9 Ω·cm or more and a dielectric constant of 3.5 or less, (i) a toner containing a resin as a main component and (ii) a copolymer comprising two repeating units represented by formula (Ia) or (Ib) and formula (II): ##STR9## wherein X 1 is a group for connecting an atomic group L 1 to the main chain, and represents --O--, --CH 2 OCO--, --OCO--, or --COO--; L 1 represents an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group; L 2 represents an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group each of which contains 6 or more carbon atoms; Y 1 and Y 2 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R 1 and R 2 each represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group, or R 1 and R 2 combine with each other to form a closed ring; and M 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a metal atom, or an ammonium salt or a quaternary salt of an organic base; or a copolymer comprising three repeating units represented by formula (IIIa) or (IIIb), formula (IV) and formula (V): ##STR10## wherein X 2 is a group for connecting an atomic group L 3 to the main chain, and represents --O--, --CH 2 OCO--, --OCO--, or --COO--; L 3 represents an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group; Y 3 and Y 4 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R 3 and R 4 each represents a hydrogen atom, an alipahtic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group, or R 3 and R 4 combine with each other to form a closed ring; M 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a metal atom, or an ammonium salt or a quaternary salt of an organic base; and R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 208 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography as in claim 1, wherein the liquid developer containing, in a nonaqueous solvent having an electrical resistance of 10 9 Ω·cm or more and a dielectric constant of 3.5 or less, (i) a toner containing a resin as a main component and (ii) a copolymer comprising two repeating units represented by formula (Ia) or (Ib) and formula ##STR11## wherein X 1 is a group for connecting an atomic group L 1 to the main chain, and represents --O--, --CH 2 OCO--, --OCO--, or --COO--; L 1 represents an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group; L 2 represents an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group each of which contains 6 or more carbon atoms; Y 1 and Y 2 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R 1 and R 2 each represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group, or R 1 and R 2 combine with each other to form a closed ring; and M 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a metal atom, or an ammonium salt or a quaternary salt of an organic base.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 205 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography as in claim 1, wherein the liquid developer containing, in a nonaqueous solvent having an electrical resistance of 10 9 Ω·cm or more and a dielectric constant of 3.5 or less, (i) a toner containing a resin as a main component and (ii) a copolymer comprising three repeating units represented by formula (IIIa) or (IIIb), formula (IV) and formula (V): ##STR12## wherein X 2 is a group for connecting an atomic group L 3 to the main chain, and represents --O--, --CH 2 OCO--, --OCO--, or --COO--; L 3 represents an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group; Y 3 and Y 4 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R 3 and R 4 each represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group, or R 3 and R 4 combine with each other to form a closed ring; M 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a metal atom, or an ammonium salt or a quaternary salt of an organic base; and R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 278 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography as in claim 2, wherein L 1 represents an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group having from 1 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl group having from 4 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted aralkyl group having from 7 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl group having from 5 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group having from 6 to 32 carbon atoms, or a not less than 5-membered unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic group; L 2 represents an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group having from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted aralkyl group having from 7 to 32 carbon atoms, a cycloalkane group having 6 or more carbon atoms, or an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group having from 6 to 32 carbon atoms; Y 1 and Y 2 each represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R 1 and R 2 each represents a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group having from 1 to 28 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted aralkyl group having from 7 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl group having from 2 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted alicyclic hydrocarbon group having from 5 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group having from 6 to 32 carbon atoms, or an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic group having not less than 5 atoms; and M 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a metal atom capable of forming a salt together with an organic carboxylic acid, or an ammonium salt or a quaternary salt of an organic base.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 311 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography as in claim 3, wherein L 3 represents an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group having from 1 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl group having from 4 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted aralkyl group having from 7 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl group having from 5 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group having from 6 to 32 carbon atoms, or a not less than 5-membered unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic group; Y 3 and Y 4 each represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R 3 and R 4 each represents a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group having from 1 to 28 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted aralkyl group having from 7 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl group having from 2 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted alicyclic hydrocarbon group having from 5 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group having from 6 to 32 carbon atoms, or an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic group having not less than 5 atoms; M 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a metal atom capable of forming a salt together with an organic carboxylic acid, or an ammonium salt or a quaternary salt of an organic base; and R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group having from 1 to 28 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted aralkyl group having from 7 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl group having from 2 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted alicyclic hydrocarbon group having from 5 to 32 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group having from 6 to 32 carbon atoms, or an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic group having not less than 5 atoms.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 51 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography as in claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of the monomer component of formula (Ia) or (Ib) to the monomer component of formula (II) in the copolymer ranges from 10/90 to 99.5/0.5, and the molecular weight of the copolymer is from about 1,000 to 500,000.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 38 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography as in claim 6, wherein the weight ratio of the monomer component of formula (Ia) or (Ib) to the monomer component of formula (II) in the copolymer ranges from 30/70 to 70/30.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 23 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography as in claim 6, wherein the molecular weight of the copolymer is from about 5,000 to 50,000.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 36 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography as in claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of the monomer component of formula (IV) to the monomer component of formula (V) in the copolymer ranges from 10/90 to 90/10.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 36 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography as in claim 9, wherein the weight ratio of the monomer component of formula (IV) to the monomer component of formula (V) in the copolymer ranges from 30/70 to 70/30.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 45 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography as in claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of the monomer component of formula (IIIa) or (IIIb) to the monomer component of formula (IV) plus the monomer component of formula (V) in the copolymer ranges from 10/90 to 99.5/0.5.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 45 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography as in claim 11, wherein the weight ratio of the monomer component of formula (IIIa) or (IIIb) to the monomer component of formula (IV) plus the monomer component of formula (V) in the copolymer ranges from 30/70 to 70/30.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 23 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography as in claim 3, wherein the molecular weight of the copolymer is from about 1,000 to 500,000.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 23 words

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography as in claim 13, wherein the molecular weight of the copolymer is from about 5,000 to 50,000.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1989-03-31	1989-09-30	1990-04-01	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1993-03-31	1993-09-30	1994-04-01	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1997-03-31	1997-09-30	1998-04-01	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Liquid developer for electrostatic photography

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