US4597342A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method and apparatus of gas-coal combustion in steam boilers
Assignee: University of Florida
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Filing: 1984-12-07
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Granted: 1986-07-01
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Expires: 2004-12-07
Abstract
Abstract Various embodiments of apparatus and methods are disclosed for the conversion of steam boilers from being oil fired to coal and natural gas fired without adversely affecting the normal power density of the boilers or the emission pollution therefrom. In some cases even the resultant coal ash can be modified by injecting a powdered catalyst or phosphate slimes into the flame to produce a fertilizer ash having desirable minerals to enhance the economic value thereof. Basically all embodiments include a swirling coal-air mixture directed along a path to form a sheath and a swirling gas-air mixture internally thereof with the swirling of the latter being in the same direction and fortifying the motion of the former. A gas-air mixture, swirling or non-swirling, may be supplied outwardly of such sheath to enhance the more complete burning of the coal-air mixture.
Inventors
- 👤 Alex E. S. Green
- 👤 Bruce A. S. Green
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 06:50
CPC Classifications
F; F23; F23D; F23D17/00; F23D17/005; F23C; F23C1/00; F23C1/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
141 words
A method of combustion of coal-fluid mixture with combustible gas-air mixture in a combustion device comprising the sequential steps of: (A) introducing a hollow sheath of coal-fluid mixture into a chamber in a combustion device while simultaneously spirally swirling the sheath in a predetermined direction and maintaining the sheath in an organic relationship; and (B) introducing a spirally swirling and organized combustible gas-air mixture internally within the hollow sheath with the motion of the combustible gas-air mixture being in the same swirling direction as the predetermined direction of the coal-fluid mixture to minimize any general mixing of the combustible gas-air mixture with the coal-fluid mixture and to promote volatilization and enhance the more complete combustion of the coal-fluid mixture by the combustible gas-air mixture to produce a flame by inwardly igniting the gas-air mixture within the hollow sheath of coal-fluid mixture.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
141 words
A method of combustion of coal-fluid mixture with combustible gas-air mixture in a combustion device comprising the sequential steps of: (A) introducing a hollow sheath of coal-fluid mixture into a chamber in a combustion device while simultaneously spirally swirling the sheath in a predetermined direction and maintaining the sheath in an organic relationship; and (B) introducing a spirally swirling and organized combustible gas-air mixture internally within the hollow sheath with the motion of the combustible gas-air mixture being in the same swirling direction as the predetermined direction of the coal-fluid mixture to minimize any general mixing of the combustible gas-air mixture with the coal-fluid mixture and to promote volatilization and enhance the more complete combustion of the coal-fluid mixture by the combustible gas-air mixture to produce a flame by inwardly igniting the gas-air mixture within the hollow sheath of coal-fluid mixture.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
In the method of claim 1 wherein the coal-fluid mixture is a coal-water slurry.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
In the method of claim 1 wherein the coal-fluid mixture is coal-air.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
In the method according to claim 1 further comprising the step of (c) introducing chemical additives into the combustion device to scrub the flame produced therein thereby to reduce the SO 2 emissions.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
76 words
In the method according to claim 1 further comprising the step of (C) introducing a ring of the combustible gas-air mixture outwardly about the sheath of the coal-fluid mixture to form a ring thereabout to further promote the volatilization and more complete combustion of the coal-fluid mixture by the ring of the combustible gas-air mixture to produce a flame by outwardly igniting the ring of the gas-air mixture outwardly of the hollow sheath of coal-fluid mixture.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
56 words
In the method according to claim 5 wherein step (A) is performed in a predetermined diameter hollow sheath, and wherein said step (A) further comprising the step of (D) reducing the hollow sheath diameter by a predetermined value as the hollow-sheath of the coal-air mixture is being ignited by the ring of the combustible gas-air mixture.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 5 wherein the gas-air mixture introduced in step (B) and step (C) is in the ratio of about 3:1.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
58 words
A method according to claim 5 wherein the coal-air mixture introduced in step (A) is in the range of between 90 and 50 by energy release proportion to the gas-air mixture and the gas-air mixture introduced in steps (A) and (C) correspondingly in the range of between 10 and 50 by energy release proportion to the coal-air mixture.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
139 words
A method of combustion of coal-fluid mixture with a combustible gas-air mixture in a combustion device comprising the sequential steps of: (A) igniting a ring of the combustible gas-air mixture until the combustion device reaches a sufficiently high predetermined temperature; (B) introducing into the combustion device a spirally swirling and organized coal-fluid mixture hollow sheath through the ring to promote volatilization and to enhance the more complete combustion of the coal-fluid mixture; (C) introducing a stream of the combustible gas-air mixture within the hollow sheath to achieve the most complete combustion of the coal-fluid mixture being ignited outwardly of the sheath by the gas-air mixture ring and ignited inwardly of the sheath by the gas-air mixture stream; and (D) producing a flame from the ring of the combustible gas-air mixture ring, the coal-fluid mixture and the gas-air mixture stream.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
139 words
A method of combustion of coal-fluid mixture with a combustible gas-air mixture in a combustion device comprising the sequential steps of: (A) igniting a ring of the combustible gas-air mixture until the combustion device reaches a sufficiently high predetermined temperature; (B) introducing into the combustion device a spirally swirling and organized coal-fluid mixture hollow sheath through the ring to promote volatilization and to enhance the more complete combustion of the coal-fluid mixture; (C) introducing a stream of the combustible gas-air mixture within the hollow sheath to achieve the most complete combustion of the coal-fluid mixture being ignited outwardly of the sheath by the gas-air mixture ring and ignited inwardly of the sheath by the gas-air mixture stream; and (D) producing a flame from the ring of the combustible gas-air mixture ring, the coal-fluid mixture and the gas-air mixture stream.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
In the method of claim 9 wherein the coal-fluid mixture is a coal-water slurry.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
33 words
In the method according to claim 9 further comprising the step of (E) introducing chemical additives into the combustion device to scrub the flame produced therein thereby to reduce the SO 2 emissions.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
In the method of claim 9 wherein step (C) further comprises the step of (E) spirally swirling the stream of gas-air mixture.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
In the method of claim 12 wherein step (E) reinforces the spirally swirling motion of the coal-fluid mixture and minimizes any general mixing of the gas-air stream and the coal-fluid mixture.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
In the method of claim 9 wherein the coal-fluid mixture is coal-air.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
56 words
In the method according to claim 14 wherein step (B) is performed in a predetermined diameter hollow sheath, and wherein step (B) further comprises the step of (E) reducing the hollow sheath diameter by a predetermined value as the hollow sheath of the coal-air mixture is being ignited by the ring of the combustible gas-air mixture.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
55 words
In the method of claim 15 further comprising the step of (F) introducing a steam of the gas-air mixture within the hollow sheath to achieve the most complete combustion of the coal-air mixture being ignited outwardly of the sheath by the gas-air mixture ring and ignited inwardly of the sheath by the gas-air mixture stream.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
33 words
In the method according to claim 16 further comprising the step of (G) introducing chemical additives into the combustion device to scrub the flame produced therein thereby to reduce the SO 2 emissions.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method according to claim 16 wherein the gas-air mixture introduced in step (F) and in step (A) is in the ratio of about 3:1.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
58 words
A method according to claim 16 wherein the coal-air mixture introduced in step (B) is in the range of between 90 and 50 by energy release proportion to the gas-air mixture the gas-air mixture introduced in steps (F) and (A) is correspondingly in the range of between 10 and 50 by energy release proportion to the coal-air mixture.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-06-30 | 1989-12-30 | 1990-07-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-06-30 | 1993-12-30 | 1994-07-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-06-30 | 1997-12-30 | 1998-07-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |