US4613344A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method and apparatus for cleaning hot gases produced during a coal gasification process
Assignee: Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
•
Filing: 1984-10-31
•
Granted: 1986-09-23
•
Expires: 2004-10-31
Abstract
Abstract A method and apparatus for cleaning hot gases produced during a coal gasification process in a reactor, wherein the hot gases leaving the reactor are cooled in a plurality of cooling stages to a relatively low temperature. In accordance with this invention, a particulated solid is added to the hot gases and circulated through at least one of the cooling stages. The particulated solid may be a material which decomposes in the hot gases to liberate carbon dioxide or it may be inert. The apparatus of the invention makes use of a heat exchanger which functions as a radiant cooler and also as a mixer for the gases and solids, the heat exchanger being connected directly to the gasification reactor at the exhaust gas side thereof. The heat exchanger is followed by at least one downstream, multi-stage cyclone fluidized bed heat exchanger which also is provided with an indirect heat exchange capability.
Inventors
- 👤 Gunter Henrich
- 👤 Harald Hoffmann
- 👤 Heinz-Dieter Waldhecker
- 👤 Klaus-Peter Mey
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 05:51
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10K; C10K1/00; C10K1/20; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P20/00; Y02P20/10; Y02P20/129
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
81 words
In a method for cleaning hot gases produced during a coal gasification process in a reactor wherein the hot gases leaving said reactor are cooled in a plurality of cooling stages to a relatively low temperature, the improvement which comprises: adding CaCO 3 to the hot gases in a first stage, adding Al 2 O 3 to said gases in a later stage and circulating the added solids in suspension in said gases in separate stages of said plurality of stages.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
81 words
In a method for cleaning hot gases produced during a coal gasification process in a reactor wherein the hot gases leaving said reactor are cooled in a plurality of cooling stages to a relatively low temperature, the improvement which comprises: adding CaCO 3 to the hot gases in a first stage, adding Al 2 O 3 to said gases in a later stage and circulating the added solids in suspension in said gases in separate stages of said plurality of stages.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
70 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein said CaCO 3 decomposes in said hot gas to liberate carbon dioxide and said Al 2 O 3 remains inert while circulating in said hot gas, said hot gas being cooled to about 1000° C. in the first cooling stage, said gas being cooled directly by chemical reaction with said CaCO 3 and indirectly by contact with said Al 2 O 3 .
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method according to claim 1 which includes the step of: continuously circulating said particulated solid through said one stage.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
148 words
A method for the production and cooling of coal gas which comprises: generating a hot, contaminated coal gas in a gasification reactor, mixing said hot coal gas with limestone in a first heat exchange-mixer zone to deacidify said limestone, separating solids from the cooled gas from said first heat exchange-mixer zone in a first cyclone fluidized bed heat exchanger, passing the deacidified solids from said first cyclone fluidized bed heat exchanger into said gasification reactor as a slag-forming agent, mixing the cooled coal gas from said first cyclone fluidized bed heat exchanger with an inert solid in a second heat exchange-mixer zone, passing the coal gas-inert solid mixture into a second cyclone fluidized bed heat exchanger, passing the cooled solid from said second cyclone fluidized bed heat exchanger into said second heat exchange-mixer zone, and further cooling the coal gas leaving said second cyclone fluidized bed heat exchanger.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
148 words
A method for the production and cooling of coal gas which comprises: generating a hot, contaminated coal gas in a gasification reactor, mixing said hot coal gas with limestone in a first heat exchange-mixer zone to deacidify said limestone, separating solids from the cooled gas from said first heat exchange-mixer zone in a first cyclone fluidized bed heat exchanger, passing the deacidified solids from said first cyclone fluidized bed heat exchanger into said gasification reactor as a slag-forming agent, mixing the cooled coal gas from said first cyclone fluidized bed heat exchanger with an inert solid in a second heat exchange-mixer zone, passing the coal gas-inert solid mixture into a second cyclone fluidized bed heat exchanger, passing the cooled solid from said second cyclone fluidized bed heat exchanger into said second heat exchange-mixer zone, and further cooling the coal gas leaving said second cyclone fluidized bed heat exchanger.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 4 wherein said further cooling is carried out to reduce the temperature of said gas to below 200° C.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 4 wherein said further cooling is carried out to reduce the temperature of said gas to about 100° C.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
95 words
In an apparatus for the gasification of coal including a gasification reactor, at least one heat exchanger zone following said gasification reactor, and at least one cleaning stage following said heat exchanger zone, the improvement which comprises: a heat exchanger-mixer connected to the exhaust side of said gasification reactor, said heat exchanger-mixer being both a radiant cooler and a solids/gas mixing stage, conduit means arranged to deliver high temperature gases directly from said reactor to said heat exchanger-mixer, and means for introducing solid particles into said heat exchanger-mixer for admixture with said high temperature gases.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
95 words
In an apparatus for the gasification of coal including a gasification reactor, at least one heat exchanger zone following said gasification reactor, and at least one cleaning stage following said heat exchanger zone, the improvement which comprises: a heat exchanger-mixer connected to the exhaust side of said gasification reactor, said heat exchanger-mixer being both a radiant cooler and a solids/gas mixing stage, conduit means arranged to deliver high temperature gases directly from said reactor to said heat exchanger-mixer, and means for introducing solid particles into said heat exchanger-mixer for admixture with said high temperature gases.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
58 words
An apparatus according to claim 7 wherein said heat exchanger-mixer is followed by a plurality of additional heat exchangers at least one of which is a cyclone fluidized fed heat exchanger provided with (1) means for indirect heat exchange, (2) means for introducing cooled gas from said heat exchanger-mixer therein, and (3) means for discharging solid particles therefrom.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
An apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said fluidized bed heat exchanger includes ceramic portions disposed in honeycomb fashion.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
An apparatus according to claim 7 wherein said cleaning stage consists of a dry dedusting stage including a tubular filter.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-09-22 | 1990-03-24 | 1990-09-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-09-22 | 1994-03-24 | 1994-09-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-09-22 | 1998-03-24 | 1998-09-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |