US4616124A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Electric hot-spot detection apparatus and electric heating apparatus
Assignee: Bank One Youngstown NA
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Filing: 1985-03-07
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Granted: 1986-10-07
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Expires: 2005-03-07
Abstract
Abstract Novel acrylonitrile butadiene and carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene elastomeric admixtures compounded with various amounts of mineral fillers such as silicates, silicas, etc., carbon blacks, and plasticizers such as esters, epoxidized polyesters, etc., are useful as continuous temperature-sensitive solids when applied to metallic conductors as coatings whereby one leg acts as a conductor and the other is used as the sensing leg. These electrical properties of these admixtures such as volume resistivity, impedance, and reactance are uniquely sensitive to temperature changes from room temperature to at least 90° C. and thus offer new and important circuit design opportunities for monitoring and detecting temperature changes. These admixtures which are essentially thermosetting may be combined with other resins such as polyvinyl chloride and used thermoplastically. In these cases, the elastomer becomes the plasticizer.
Inventors
- 👤 Milton S. Greenhalgh
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 15:28
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01B; H01B3/00; H01B3/18; H01B3/30; H01B3/44; H05; H05B; H05B3/00; H05B3/20; H05B3/34; H05B3/40; H05B3/54; H05B3/56; H05B2203/00; H05B2203/017
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
143 words
An electric hot-spot detection apparatus comprising a first wire reference conductor and a second wire sensing conductor, both of which are connectable to an electric power source overheat signal means, actuating means operatively associated with the signal means and the first and second wires to actuate the signal means when D.C. resistance between the first and second wires exceeds a predetermined maximum, said first and second wires being uniformly spaced apart over their full lengths and embedded in a coextensive body of thermal-sensitive polymeric material selected from the group consisting essentially of (1) a thermosetting acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber containing at least one percent by weight of acrylonitrile, and (2) thermoplastic blends of a polyvinyl chloride and an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber containing at least one percent by weight of acrylonitrile, in which thermosetting rubber (1) after curing and thermoplastic blend (2) contain substantially no free sulphur.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
143 words
An electric hot-spot detection apparatus comprising a first wire reference conductor and a second wire sensing conductor, both of which are connectable to an electric power source overheat signal means, actuating means operatively associated with the signal means and the first and second wires to actuate the signal means when D.C. resistance between the first and second wires exceeds a predetermined maximum, said first and second wires being uniformly spaced apart over their full lengths and embedded in a coextensive body of thermal-sensitive polymeric material selected from the group consisting essentially of (1) a thermosetting acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber containing at least one percent by weight of acrylonitrile, and (2) thermoplastic blends of a polyvinyl chloride and an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber containing at least one percent by weight of acrylonitrile, in which thermosetting rubber (1) after curing and thermoplastic blend (2) contain substantially no free sulphur.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
The article of claim 1, in which the ratio of specific inductive capacitance of the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber from 90° C. to room temperature is greater than about 10.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
The article of claim 1, in which the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber contains 20% to 45% by weight of acrylonitrile monomer units.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
The article of claim 1, in which the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber of (1) or (2) contains at least 0.5 percent by weight of carboxylic acid monomer units.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The article of claim 4, in which the thermosetting carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber of (1) is cured with a metal oxide.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
The article of claim 5, in which the metal oxide is zinc oxide.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
35 words
The article of claim 1, in which the polymeric material is a thermoplastic blend of an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber containing at least 5% of carboxylic acid monomer units and from 5% to 95% of polyvinyl chloride.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
30 words
The article of claim 7, in which the ratio of specific conductive capacitance of the polymeric material at 90° C. to that at room temperature is greater than about 10.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
50 words
The article of claim 1, in which the polymeric material is admixed and compounded and zinc oxide is the curing agent and the mixture contains at least 7% Catalpo clay, the compounded polymeric material having a specific inductive capacitance ratio at 90° C. and at room temperature greater than 30.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
127 words
An electric heating apparatus including an electric conductor connectable to an electric power source and overheat control means operatively associated with the electric conductor and power source, said electric conductor comprising a signal conductor and a heater conductor, and means for actuating the control means when an overheat condition exists in the electric conductor, said actuating means comprising thermal-sensitive polymeric material in contact with the electric conductor and being selected from the group consisting essentially of (1) a thermosetting acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber containing at least one percent by weight of acrylonitrile, and (2) thermoplastic blends of a polyvinyl chloride and an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber containing at least one percent by weight of acrylonitrile, in which thermosetting rubber (1) after curing and thermoplastic blend (2) contain substantially no free sulphur.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
127 words
An electric heating apparatus including an electric conductor connectable to an electric power source and overheat control means operatively associated with the electric conductor and power source, said electric conductor comprising a signal conductor and a heater conductor, and means for actuating the control means when an overheat condition exists in the electric conductor, said actuating means comprising thermal-sensitive polymeric material in contact with the electric conductor and being selected from the group consisting essentially of (1) a thermosetting acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber containing at least one percent by weight of acrylonitrile, and (2) thermoplastic blends of a polyvinyl chloride and an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber containing at least one percent by weight of acrylonitrile, in which thermosetting rubber (1) after curing and thermoplastic blend (2) contain substantially no free sulphur.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The article of claim 10, in which the ratio of specific inductive capacitance of the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber from 90° C. to room temperature is greater than about 10.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
The article of claim 10, in which the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber contains 20% to 45% by weight of acrylonitrile monomer units.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
26 words
The article of claim 10, in which the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber of (1) or (2) contains at least 0.5 percent by weight of carboxylic acid monomer units.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
The article of claim 13, in which the thermosetting carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber of (1) is cured with a metal oxide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The article of claim 14, in which the metal oxide is zinc oxide.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
35 words
The article of claim 10, in which the polymeric material is a thermoplastic blend of an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber containing at least 5% of carboxylic acid monomer units and from 5% to 95% of polyvinyl chloride.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
30 words
The article of claim 16, in which the ratio of specific conductive capacitance of the polymeric material at 90° C. to that at room temperature is greater than about 10.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
50 words
The article of claim 10, in which the polymeric material is admixed and compounded and zinc oxide is the curing agent and the mixture contains at least 7% Catalpo clay, the compounded polymeric material having a specific inductive capacitance ratio at 90° C. and at room temperature greater than 30.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2581212A
Cited
US2745944A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-10-06 | 1990-04-07 | 1990-10-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-10-06 | 1994-04-07 | 1994-10-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-10-06 | 1998-04-07 | 1998-10-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |