US4634793A
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Process for the dimerization of olefins
Assignee: Shell USA Inc
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Filing: 1985-10-03
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Granted: 1987-01-06
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Expires: 2005-10-03
Abstract
Abstract A process for the dimerization in the liquid phase of an aliphatic mono-olefin having 2 to about 12 carbon atoms with a catalytic system formed by combining, in the presence of water, an alcohol or a carboxylic acid, a. a palladium compound, b. a chelate ligand having as coordinating atoms at least two Group Va atoms which are connected through a chain comprising 2 to about 6 carbon atoms, and c. a compound containing an anion of an acid, except hydrohalogenic acids.
Inventors
- 👤 Eit Drent
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 14:16
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J31/00; B01J31/16; B01J31/18; B01J31/1805; B01J31/181; B01J31/1815; B01J31/1825; B01J31/183; B01J31/24; B01J31/2404; B01J31/2409; C; C07; C07C; C07C2/00; C07C2/02; C07C2/04; C07C2/06; C07C2/08; C07C2/26; C07C2/32; C07C2/36; B01J2531/00; B01J2531/80; B01J2531/82; B01J2531/824; C07C2531/00; C07C2531/02; C07C2531/025; C07C2531/04; C07C2531/16; C07C2531/22
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
100 words
A process for the dimerization in the liquid phase of an aliphatic mono-olefin having 2 to 12 carbon atoms which process comprises contacting said olefins with a catalytic system formed by combining, in the presence of water, an alcohol, or a carboxylic acid, a. a palladium compound, b. a chelate ligand comprising an organic compound containing as coordinating atoms at least two atoms of Group Va of the Periodic System of Elements which are connected through a chain comprising 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and c. a compound containing an anion of an acid with the exception of hydrohalogenic acids.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
100 words
A process for the dimerization in the liquid phase of an aliphatic mono-olefin having 2 to 12 carbon atoms which process comprises contacting said olefins with a catalytic system formed by combining, in the presence of water, an alcohol, or a carboxylic acid, a. a palladium compound, b. a chelate ligand comprising an organic compound containing as coordinating atoms at least two atoms of Group Va of the Periodic System of Elements which are connected through a chain comprising 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and c. a compound containing an anion of an acid with the exception of hydrohalogenic acids.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the acid in (c) has a pKa of less than 3, measured in aqueous solution at a temperature of 18° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 2, wherein the acid has a pKa of less than 2.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1, wherein as anion a non-coordinating anion is used.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
53 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the compound containing an anion of an acid contains the anion of an acid of the general formula I ##STR3## wherein Z represents sulfur or chlorine and, if Z is chlorine, R represents oxygen and, if Z is sulfur, R represents an OH group or hydrocarbon group.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 3, wherein the hydrocarbon group R is an alkyl, aryl, aralkyl or alkaryl group having 1 to about 30 carbon atoms.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 3, wherein the anion of an acid of the general formula I is an anion of p-toluenesulfonic acid.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the acid in (c) is trifluoroacetic acid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the compound containing an anion of the acid is used in the form of the acid itself.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the chelate ligand comprises a compound containing as coordinating atoms 2 nitrogen atoms connected through a chain comprising 2 carbon atoms.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 10, wherein the chelate ligand comprises a compound containing in the molecule a group of the formula ##STR4##
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 10, wherein the chelate ligand comprises 1,10-phenanthroline and the N-substituted derivatives thereof.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 10, wherein the chelate ligand comprises 2,2'-bipyridyl and the N-substituted derivatives thereof.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the chelate ligand comprises a compound containing as coordinating atoms 2 phosphorus atoms connected through a chain comprising 2 or 3 carbon atoms.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 14, wherein the chelate ligand comprises bisdiphenylphosphine compounds in which the phenyl groups are substituted.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 14, wherein the chelate ligand comprises 1,3-propanediylbisdiphenylphosphine.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the quantity of the chelate ligand varies between about 1 and about 25 mol ligand per gram atom palladium.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the compound containing an anion of an acid is used in a quantity of about 1-100 equivalents per gram atom palladium.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 1, wherein water is used as a co-solvent.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1, wherein an alcohol is used as solvent or co-solvent.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the process is carried out at a temperature in the range between about 20° C. and about 135° C.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 14, wherein the chelate ligand comprises bisdiphenylphosphine compounds.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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