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US4923741A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Hazards protection for space suits and spacecraft

Assignee: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
•
Filing: 1988-06-30
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Granted: 1990-05-08
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Expires: 2008-06-30
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Abstract

Abstract A flexible multi-layered covering article 10 for protection against the hazards of exposure to the environment of outer space. The covering 10 includes an outer layer section 12 comprising an outermost lamina 14 of woven expanded tetrafluoroethylene yarns (Gore-Tex) for protecting against abrasion and tearing, an underlying weave 16 of meta-aramid yarns (Nomex) and para-aramid yarns (Kevlar) for particle impart protection, an electrostatic charge dissipation and control system 18 incorporated therein, and a chemical contaminants control barrier applied as a coating 19. A middle section includes a succession of thermal insulating layers 21 of polymeric thermoplastic or thermoforming material, each of which is coated with a metal deposit of high infra-red emissivity and low solar radiation absorption characteristics and separated from adjacent insulating layers 21 by a low thermal conductance material 26. The covering 10 further includes a radiation attenuating layer 28 of a tungsten-loaded polymeric elastomer binder for protecting against "bremsstrahlung" radiation and an inner layer 32 of "rip-stop" polyester material for abrasion protection. A chloroprene coating may be supplied the polyester-material for added micrometeroid protection. Securing means 36 of low heat conductance material secures the multi-layers together as a laminar composite.

Inventors

  • 👤 Joseph J. Kosmo
  • 👤 Frederic S. Dawn

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-30 13:49
CPC Classifications
B; B32; B32B; B32B5/00; B32B5/22; B32B5/24; B32B5/26; A; A41; A41D; A41D31/00; A41D31/04; A41D31/08; A41D31/085; A41D31/26; A41D31/265; A62; A62B; A62B17/00; A62D; A62D5/00; B32B5/02; B32B5/024; G; G21; G21F; G21F1/00; G21F1/02; G21F1/10; G21F1/103; G21F1/106; G21F3/00; G21F3/02; G21F3/025; B32B2255/00; B32B2255/02; B32B2255/26; B32B2262/00; B32B2262/02; B32B2262/0253; B32B2262/0261; B32B2262/0269; B32B2262/10; B32B2262/106; B32B2307/00; B32B2307/20; B32B2307/202; B32B2307/50; B32B2307/554; B32B2307/582; B32B2307/5825; B32B2571/00; B32B2571/02; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/911; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/25; Y10T428/256; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/3154; Y10T428/31544; Y10T428/31652; Y10T428/31663; Y10T428/31678; Y10T428/31681; Y10T428/31725; Y10T442/00; Y10T442/30; Y10T442/3049; Y10T442/3179; Y10T442/3382; Y10T442/3407; Y10T442/3472; Y10T442/3528

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim 301 words
A flexible covering article for providing protection against the hazards of exposure to the environment of outer space and extraterrestrial surfaces, said covering article comprising: an outer layered section including an outermost lamina of woven expanded tetrafluoroethylene yarns for protecting against abrasion and tearing, an underlying lamina of interwoven meta-aramid fiber yarns and para-aramid fiber yarns which are also woven to the inner side of said outermost lamina section, means including a plurality of electrically conductive elements woven in said underlying lamina with said meta-aramid and para-aramid fiber yarns for distribution and dispersion of electrostatic charges which may accumulate on said outer layered section and for providing a potential discharge path for said charges, and chemical protection means in the form of a coating applied to the inward side of said interwoven meta-aramid and para-aramid fiber yarns for protecting against chemical attack from chemical contaminants comprised of spacecraft propellants; a middle section comprised of a plurality of successively adjacent thermal insulation layers in the form of thin films or fabrics of polymeric thermoplastic or thermoforming resin material, each of which is coated on one surface by a deposit of metallic material which exhibits a high degree of infra-red emissivity and low absorption of solar radiation, and a low thermal conductive spacer means for spacing each of said thermal insulation layers, to preclude thermal "shorting" between said thermal insulation layers; a flexible radiation attenuating section for protecting against secondary radiation produced by the bremsstrahlung effect and comprised of a layer of flexible binder material loaded with micron sized powder particles of a high density, high atomic number material uniformly dispersed therein; an innermost layer of woven polymeric thermoforming resin yarns for protecting against abrasion; and means for securing all of said layers of said covering together in a flexible laminated composite relationship.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 301 words
A flexible covering article for providing protection against the hazards of exposure to the environment of outer space and extraterrestrial surfaces, said covering article comprising: an outer layered section including an outermost lamina of woven expanded tetrafluoroethylene yarns for protecting against abrasion and tearing, an underlying lamina of interwoven meta-aramid fiber yarns and para-aramid fiber yarns which are also woven to the inner side of said outermost lamina section, means including a plurality of electrically conductive elements woven in said underlying lamina with said meta-aramid and para-aramid fiber yarns for distribution and dispersion of electrostatic charges which may accumulate on said outer layered section and for providing a potential discharge path for said charges, and chemical protection means in the form of a coating applied to the inward side of said interwoven meta-aramid and para-aramid fiber yarns for protecting against chemical attack from chemical contaminants comprised of spacecraft propellants; a middle section comprised of a plurality of successively adjacent thermal insulation layers in the form of thin films or fabrics of polymeric thermoplastic or thermoforming resin material, each of which is coated on one surface by a deposit of metallic material which exhibits a high degree of infra-red emissivity and low absorption of solar radiation, and a low thermal conductive spacer means for spacing each of said thermal insulation layers, to preclude thermal "shorting" between said thermal insulation layers; a flexible radiation attenuating section for protecting against secondary radiation produced by the bremsstrahlung effect and comprised of a layer of flexible binder material loaded with micron sized powder particles of a high density, high atomic number material uniformly dispersed therein; an innermost layer of woven polymeric thermoforming resin yarns for protecting against abrasion; and means for securing all of said layers of said covering together in a flexible laminated composite relationship.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 45 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 1 wherein said electrically conductive elements are carbon fibers or filaments which are interwoven with the meta-aramid and para-aramid fibers in a criss-cross arrangement wherein the electrically conductive elements are in contacting relationship at their crossing points.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 17 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 2 wherein said electrically conductive fibers are carbon fibers.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 34 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 1 wherein said chemical protection means is a tetrafluoroethylene-fluoroethylene propylene laminate applied to the surface of said underlying lamina of interwoven meta-aramid and para-aramid fiber yarns.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 33 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 1 wherein said chemical protection means comprises a silicone coating applied to the surface of said underlying lamina of interwoven meta-aramid and para-aramid fiber yarns.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 21 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 1 wherein said thermal insulation layers include an aluminized film of thermoplastic material.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 47 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 1 wherein said thermal insulation layers include a layer of polyester fabric having a coating of metallic material applied to one surface thereof, said metallic material having the characteristics of high infra-red emissivity and low solar radiation absorption .
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 27 words
A flexible covering as recited in claim 7 wherein said thermal insulation layers are arranged with their metallized surfaces disposed toward said outer layer of the covering.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 28 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 1 wherein said spacer means separating the thermal insulation layers is a scrim of light weight polymeric thermoforming resin material.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 21 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 1 wherein the binder material of said radiation attenuation layer is silicone rubber.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 20 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 1 wherein the binder material of said radiation attenuation layer is tetrafluoroethylene
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 26 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 1 wherein the binder material of said flexible radiation attenuation layer is loaded with particles of powdered tungsten.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 47 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 1 wherein said innermost layer of woven polymeric thermoforming resin yarns is a "rip-stop" polyester fabric having a coating of chloroprene on the surface thereof which is disposed toward said radiation attenuation layer and provides additional protection from micrometeoroids.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 157 words
A flexible multi-layered covering article for protection against the hazards of exposure to the environment of outer space, including: an outer layer section comprising an outermost lamina of woven expanded tetrafluoroethylene yarns for protecting against abrasion, an underlying weave of meta-aramid yarns and para-aramid yarns for protection against tearing, an electrostatic charge dissipation and control system incorporated therein, and a chemical contaminants control barrier; a middle section including a succession of thermal insulating layers of polymeric thermoplastic or thermoforming material, each layer being coated with a metal deposit of high infra-red emissivity and low solar radiation absorption characteristics and separated from adjacent insulating layers by a low thermal conductance material; a radiation attenuating layer of a tungsten-loaded polymeric elastomer binder for protecting against "bremsstrahlung" radiation and meteoroid and debris particle protection; an inner layer of "rip-stop" polyester material for abrasion protection; and securing means of low heat conductance material securing the multi-layers together as a laminar composite.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 157 words
A flexible multi-layered covering article for protection against the hazards of exposure to the environment of outer space, including: an outer layer section comprising an outermost lamina of woven expanded tetrafluoroethylene yarns for protecting against abrasion, an underlying weave of meta-aramid yarns and para-aramid yarns for protection against tearing, an electrostatic charge dissipation and control system incorporated therein, and a chemical contaminants control barrier; a middle section including a succession of thermal insulating layers of polymeric thermoplastic or thermoforming material, each layer being coated with a metal deposit of high infra-red emissivity and low solar radiation absorption characteristics and separated from adjacent insulating layers by a low thermal conductance material; a radiation attenuating layer of a tungsten-loaded polymeric elastomer binder for protecting against "bremsstrahlung" radiation and meteoroid and debris particle protection; an inner layer of "rip-stop" polyester material for abrasion protection; and securing means of low heat conductance material securing the multi-layers together as a laminar composite.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 21 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 14 wherein the polyester material is coated with chloroprene for added micrometeoroid protection.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 26 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 14 wherein the electrostatic charge dissipation and control system is formed of carbon fibers in a crisscross arrangement.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 29 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 14 wherein the chemical contaminants control barrier is a tetrafluoroethylene-fluoroethylene propylene laminate applied to the weave of meta-aramid and para-aramid yarns.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 31 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 14 wherein the chemical contaminants control barrier is a silicone coating applied to the surface of the weave of meta-aramid and para-aramid yarns.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim 21 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 14 wherein the thermal insulation layers include an aluminized film of thermoplastic material.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim 24 words
A flexible covering article as recited in claim 14 wherein a scrim of light weight polymeric thermoforming resin material separates the thermal insulation layers.

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1993-05-07 1993-11-06 1994-05-08 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1997-05-07 1997-11-06 1998-05-08 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 2001-05-07 2001-11-06 2002-05-08 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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