US4992995A
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Methods for attenuating noise in seismic data
Assignee: BP Corp North America Inc
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Filing: 1989-10-24
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Granted: 1991-02-12
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Expires: 2009-10-24
Abstract
Abstract The present invention relates generally to methods of enhancing seismic data and, more particularly, to methods of attenuating noise in seismic signals. The seismic data are sorted into gathers of seismic signals, and selected coherent events in each gather of seismic signals are aligned. The gathers of seismic signals are then processed so as to transform the balance of the coherent events in each gather of seismic signals into incoherent events. A two-dimensional filter is then applied to the transformed signals to attenuate incoherent events.
Inventors
- 👤 Paul D. Favret
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 18:35
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01V; G01V1/00; G01V1/28; G01V1/36; G01V2210/00; G01V2210/30; G01V2210/32; G01V2210/324; G01V2210/3248; G01V2210/50; G01V2210/52
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
60 words
A method for enhancing seismic data, comprising the steps of: (a) obtaining a set of seismic data having gathers of seismic signals; (b) aligning selected coherent events in each gather of seismic signals; (c) transforming the remaining coherent events in each gather of seismic signals into incoherent events; and (d) attenuating the incoherent events from each gather of seismic signals.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
60 words
A method for enhancing seismic data, comprising the steps of: (a) obtaining a set of seismic data having gathers of seismic signals; (b) aligning selected coherent events in each gather of seismic signals; (c) transforming the remaining coherent events in each gather of seismic signals into incoherent events; and (d) attenuating the incoherent events from each gather of seismic signals.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 1, further including the step of combining the attenuated signals of step (d) with their respective gather of seismic signals to obtain seismic data having an enhanced signal to noise ratio.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the gathers of seismic signal comprise sequentially-ordered gathers of seismic signals selected from the group including: common depth point, common endpoint, incident angle ordered, and offset distance ordered gathers of seismic signals.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the step of aligning comprises aligning selected primary reflection events.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the step of aligning comprises aligning selected multiple reflection events.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the step of aligning comprises normal moveout correcting selected coherent events.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the step of aligning comprises horizontally flattening selected coherent events.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the step of transforming comprises stochastically sorting the gathers of seismic signals into randomly ordered gathers of seismic signals.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 3, wherein the step of transforming comprises sorting the sequentially ordered gathers of seismic signals into disordered gathers of seismic signals.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the step of attenuating comprises spatial filtering each gather of seismic signals to suppress incoherent events.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 10, wherein the step of spatial filtering includes F-X filtering.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the step of attenuating includes two-dimensional filtering.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 12, wherein the two-dimensional filter is selected from the group including dip filters, fan filters, velocity filters, pie-slice filters, median filters, alpha-trimmed mean, and mix filters.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
21 words
The method of claims 8 or 9, further including the step of resorting the attenuated seismic signals into sequential ordered gathers.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
70 words
A method for enhancing seismic data, comprising the steps of: (a) sorting the seismic data into sequentially-ordered gathers of seismic signals; (b) aligning selected coherent events in the sequentially-ordered gathers of seismic signals; (c) sorting the sequentially-ordered gathers of seismic signals into disordered gathers of seismic signals; and (d) two-dimensional filtering the disordered gathers of seismic signals to attenuate the balance of the coherent events to obtain first filtered signals.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
70 words
A method for enhancing seismic data, comprising the steps of: (a) sorting the seismic data into sequentially-ordered gathers of seismic signals; (b) aligning selected coherent events in the sequentially-ordered gathers of seismic signals; (c) sorting the sequentially-ordered gathers of seismic signals into disordered gathers of seismic signals; and (d) two-dimensional filtering the disordered gathers of seismic signals to attenuate the balance of the coherent events to obtain first filtered signals.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 15, further including the step of resorting the disordered gathers of the first filtered signals into sequentially-ordered gathers.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 16, further including the step of combining the sequentially-ordered gathers of first filtered signals with their respective sequentially-ordered gathers of seismic signals to attenuate noise in each gather of seismic signals.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
42 words
The method of claim 15, further including the steps of repeating steps (b), (c), and (d), so as to align additional selected coherent events and two-dimensional filtering such signals to attenuate the balance of coherent events and to obtain second filtered signals.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 18, further including the step of combining the first and second spatially filtered signals to form gathers of composite filtered signals.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
45 words
The method of claim 15, further including the steps of: (a) resorting the disordered gathers of the first filtered signals into second disordered gathers; and (b) two-dimensional filtering the resorted gathers to attenuate additional incoherent events in the seismic signals to obtain second filtered signals.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 19 further including the step of combining each gather of composite filtered signals with its respective gather of seismic signals to attenuate noise in each gather of seismic signals.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 21, wherein the step of combining comprises subtracting each gather of composite filtered signals from its respective gather of seismic signals.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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