US5196952A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Liquid crystal display element and a projection type liquid crystal display apparatus
Assignee: AGC Inc
•
Filing: 1992-03-26
•
Granted: 1993-03-23
•
Expires: 2012-03-26
Abstract
Abstract A liquid crystal display element comprises a pair of substrates provided with electrodes and a liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material, disposed between the pair of substrates, which includes a nematic liquid crystal dispersed and held in a solidified matrix, the nematic liquid crystal being such that the refractive index of the liquid crystal is changed depending on states of applying a voltage wherein in a state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal substantially coincides with that of the solidified matrix to thereby pass light, and in the other state, the former does not coincide with the latter to thereby cause the scattering of light, wherein the refractive index anisotropy Δn of the liquid crystal used is 0.18 or higher, and the dielectric anisotropy Δε LC of the liquid crystal used satisfies the relation of 5<Δε LC <13.
Inventors
- 👤 Yoshinori Hirai
- 👤 Satoshi Niiyama
- 👤 Tomoki Gunjima
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 20:32
CPC Classifications
G; G02; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/01; G02F1/13; G02F1/133; G02F1/1333; G02F1/1334
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
142 words
A liquid crystal display element comprising a pair of substrates provided with electrodes and a liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material, disposed between the pair of substrates, which includes a nematic liquid crystal dispersed and held in a solidified matrix, said nematic liquid crystal being such that the refractive index of the liquid crystal is changed depending on states of applying a voltage wherein in a state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal substantially coincides with that of the solidified matrix to thereby pass light, and in the other state, the former does not coincide with the latter to thereby cause the scattering of light, characterized in that the refractive index anisotropy Δn of the liquid crystal used is 0.18 or higher, and the dielectric anisotropy Δε LC of the liquid crystal used satisfies the relation of 5<Δε LC <13.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
142 words
A liquid crystal display element comprising a pair of substrates provided with electrodes and a liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material, disposed between the pair of substrates, which includes a nematic liquid crystal dispersed and held in a solidified matrix, said nematic liquid crystal being such that the refractive index of the liquid crystal is changed depending on states of applying a voltage wherein in a state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal substantially coincides with that of the solidified matrix to thereby pass light, and in the other state, the former does not coincide with the latter to thereby cause the scattering of light, characterized in that the refractive index anisotropy Δn of the liquid crystal used is 0.18 or higher, and the dielectric anisotropy Δε LC of the liquid crystal used satisfies the relation of 5<Δε LC <13.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
58 words
The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material is disposed between the pair of positive dielectric anisotropy is dispersed and held in a polymer matrix wherein the refractive index of the polymer matrix substantially agrees with the ordinary refractive index (n 0 ) of the liquid crystal used.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the refractive index anisotropy Δn of the liquid crystal used is 0.18<Δn<0.25.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
24 words
The liquid crystal display element according to claim 3, wherein the refractive index anisotropy Δn of the liquid crystal used is 0.20 or higher.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
56 words
The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the specific dielectric constant ε M of the liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material at a sufficiently low voltage which is lower than its threshold voltage and the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal used satisfy the relation of Δε LC <1.45 ε M .
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
35 words
The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the average particle diameter R (μm) of the liquid crystal held in the liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material satisfies the relation of 0.2<R·Δn<0.7.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the viscosity η (cSt) of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material satisfies the relation of Δn 2 /η>0.0014.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
42 words
The liquid crystal display element according to claim 6, Wherein the elastic constant K33 (10 -12 N) of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material satisfies the relation of 4(K33/η) 0 .5 >R>(K33/Δε LC ) 0 .5.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
46 words
The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein one of the pair of substrates provided with electrodes is an active matrix substrate having an active element for each electrode for picture element, the other is a counter electrode substrate provided with a counter electrode.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
44 words
The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the solidified matrix in the liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material is obtained by irradiating light to an uncured mixture of a photo-curable compound and the liquid crystal followed by curing the mixture.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
50 words
The liquid crystal display element according to claim 10, wherein the solidified matrix in the liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material is obtained by uniformly dissolving the photo-curable compound in the liquid crystal to prepare solution, and by irradiating light to the solution to thereby cure the photo-curable compound.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
190 words
A projection type liquid crystal display apparatus comprising in combination a projection light source, a projection optical system and a liquid crystal display element comprising an active matrix substrate having an active element for each electrode for picture element, a counter electrode substrate provided with a counter electrode and a liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material, interposed between the active matrix substrate and the counter electrode, which includes a nematic liquid crystal dispersed and held in a solidified matrix, said nematic liquid crystal being such that the refractive index of the liquid crystal is changed depending on states of applying a voltage wherein in a state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal substantially coincides with that of the solidified matrix to thereby pass light, and in the other state, the former does not coincide with the latter to thereby cause the scattering of light, characterized in that the refractive index anisotropy Δn of the liquid crystal used for the liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material is 0.18 or higher, and the dielectric anisotropy Δε LC of the liquid crystal used satisfies the relation of 5<Δε LC <13.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
190 words
A projection type liquid crystal display apparatus comprising in combination a projection light source, a projection optical system and a liquid crystal display element comprising an active matrix substrate having an active element for each electrode for picture element, a counter electrode substrate provided with a counter electrode and a liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material, interposed between the active matrix substrate and the counter electrode, which includes a nematic liquid crystal dispersed and held in a solidified matrix, said nematic liquid crystal being such that the refractive index of the liquid crystal is changed depending on states of applying a voltage wherein in a state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal substantially coincides with that of the solidified matrix to thereby pass light, and in the other state, the former does not coincide with the latter to thereby cause the scattering of light, characterized in that the refractive index anisotropy Δn of the liquid crystal used for the liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material is 0.18 or higher, and the dielectric anisotropy Δε LC of the liquid crystal used satisfies the relation of 5<Δε LC <13.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
74 words
The projection type liquid crystal display apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material is disposed between the active matrix substrates and the counter electrode substrate in which a nematic liquid crystal having a positive dielectric anisotropy is dispersed and held in a polymer matrix wherein the refractive index of the polymer matrix substantially agrees with the ordinary refractive index (n 0 ) of the liquid crystal used.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
60 words
The projection type liquid crystal display apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the specific dielectric constant ε M of the liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material at a sufficiently low voltage which is lower than its threshold voltage and the dielectric anisotropy Δε LC of the liquid crystal used satisfy the relation of Δε LC <1.45 ε M .
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
37 words
The projection type liquid crystal display apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the average particle diameter R (μm) of the liquid crystal held in the liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material satisfies the relation of 0.2<R·Δn<0.7.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
68 words
The projection type liquid crystal display apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the solidified matrix in the liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material is a photo-curable compound to be cured by the irradiation of light, and said liquid crystal and solidified matrix composite material is obtained by irradiating light to an uncured mixture of the photo-curable compound and the liquid crystal to thereby cure the photo-curable compound.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
37 words
The projection type liquid crystal display apparatus according to claim 12, wherein a device for reducing diffusion light is disposed between the liquid crystal display element and the projection light system, or in the projection light system.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
21 words
The projection type liquid crystal display apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the device for reducing diffusion light is an aperture.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
85 words
The projection type liquid crystal display apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said projection light source comprises a light source and a dichloric means as a color-splitting optical system; said projection optical system comprises a dichloric means as a color-synthesizing optical system and a projection lens, whereby light is splitted into three kinds of color R, G and B, each color light being passed through each liquid crystal display element, being subjected to color synthesis and the synthesized light being projected through the projection lens.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
25 words
The projection type liquid crystal display apparatus according to claim 19, wherein a single device for reducing diffusion light is disposed near the projection lens.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4588518A
Cited
US4506550A
Cited
US4435047A
Cited
US4579423A
Cited
US4767194A
Cited
US4890902A
Cited
US4834509A
Cited
US5150232A
Cited
US5103327A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-03-22 | 1996-09-21 | 1997-03-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-03-22 | 2000-09-21 | 2001-03-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-03-22 | 2004-09-21 | 2005-03-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |