US5215848A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Carrier for electrophotography, two-component type developer, process for producing carrier and image forming method
Assignee: Canon Inc
•
Filing: 1990-10-31
•
Granted: 1993-06-01
•
Expires: 2010-10-31
Abstract
Abstract 1. A carrier for electrophotography comprises carrier core particles and a coating resin material. The surfaces of the carrier core particles are each coated with the coating resin material and the coating resin material comprises a resin and a quaternary ammonium salt represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each represent an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different from each other; and A represents an organic anion, an isopolyacid ion or a heteropolyacid ion.
Inventors
- 👤 Takeshi Ikeda
- 👤 Yukou Sato
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 12:31
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/10; G03G9/113; G03G9/1138; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2991; Y10T428/2998
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 87
Claim 1
Independent Claim
116 words
A carrier for electrophotography, comprising carrier core particles and a coating resin material, wherein the surfaces of said carrier core particles are each coated with the coating resin material and said coating resin material comprises a resin having an hydroxyl number of 1 to 100 (KOH mg/g) and a quaternary ammonium salt represented by the following formula: ##STR21## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each are an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different from each other; and A is an organic anion, an isopolyacid ion or a heteropolyacid ion.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
116 words
A carrier for electrophotography, comprising carrier core particles and a coating resin material, wherein the surfaces of said carrier core particles are each coated with the coating resin material and said coating resin material comprises a resin having an hydroxyl number of 1 to 100 (KOH mg/g) and a quaternary ammonium salt represented by the following formula: ##STR21## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each are an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different from each other; and A is an organic anion, an isopolyacid ion or a heteropolyacid ion.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
A carrier according to claim 1, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt is a lake compound.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
17 words
A carrier according to claim 1, wherein R 4 is an aryl group or an aralkyl group.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
46 words
A carrier according to claim 1, wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are an alkyl group or an aryl group; and R 4 is a group represented by the following formula: ##STR22## wherein n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
A carrier according to claim 3, wherein the A in the formula of said quaternary ammonium salt represents an organic anion.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
A carrier according to claim 5, wherein said organic anion is an aromatic anion.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
27 words
A carrier according to claim 3, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt has a solubility to water of less than 1.0 g/100 g (H 2 O, 20° C.).
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
A carrier according to claim 3, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt is added in an amount ranging from 0.5% by weight to 30% by weight based on said resin.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
A carrier according to claim 3, wherein said resin comprises a vinyl resin.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
A carrier according to claim 9, wherein said vinyl resin comprises an acrylic copolymer resin.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
A carrier according to claim 10, wherein said acrylic copolymer resin comprises a styrene/2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/methyl methacrylate copolymer.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
37 words
A carrier according to claim 3, wherein the carrier core particles are coated with said coating resin material in a coating weight that provides a resin solid content ranging from 0.1% by weight to 30% by weight.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
A carrier according to claim 3, wherein said carrier has a particle diameter ranging from 10 to 1,000 μm.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
A carrier according to claim 1, wherein R 4 represents an alkyl group.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
A carrier according to claim 1, wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each represents an alkyl group.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
A carrier according to claim 14, wherein the A in the formula of said quaternary ammonium salt represents an organic anion.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
14 words
A carrier according to claim 16, wherein said organic anion is an aromatic anion.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
27 words
A carrier according to claim 14, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt has a solubility to water of less than 1.0 g/100 g (H 2 O, 20° C.).
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
A carrier according to claim 14, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt is added in an amount ranging from 0.5% by weight to 30% by weight based on said resin.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
A carrier according to claim 16, wherein said resin comprises a vinyl resin.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
15 words
A carrier according to claim 20, wherein said vinyl resin comprises an acrylic copolymer resin.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
17 words
A carrier according to claim 21, wherein said acrylic copolymer resin comprises a styrene/2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/methyl methacrylate copolymer.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
37 words
A carrier according to claim 14, wherein the carrier core particles are coated with said coating resin material in a coating weight that provides a resin solid content ranging from 0.1% by weight to 30% by weight.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
19 words
A carrier according to claim 14, wherein said carrier has a particle diameter ranging from 10 to 1,000 μm.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
51 words
A carrier according to claim 1, wherein said coating resin material is formed of a solution comprising a resin and said quaternary ammonium salt, and said quaternary ammonium salt is dissolved in a solvent in which said quaternary ammonium salt has a solubility of not less than 1.0 g/100 g (solvent).
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
67 words
A carrier according to claim 25, wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each are an alkyl group or an aryl group and R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be the same or different from each other; R 4 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an aralkyl group and A represents an organic anion.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
29 words
A carrier according to claim 25, wherein R 4 is a group represented by the following formula: ##STR23## wherein n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
13 words
A carrier according to claim 25, wherein R 4 represents an alkyl group.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
A carrier according to claim 25, wherein the A in the formula of said quaternary ammonium salt represents an organic anion.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
14 words
A carrier according to claim 29, wherein said organic anion is an aromatic anion.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
27 words
A carrier according to claim 29, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt has a solubility to water of less than 1.0 g/100 g (H 2 O, 20° C.).
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
29 words
A carrier according to claim 25, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt is added in an amount ranging from 0.5% by weight to 30% by weight based on said resin.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
13 words
A carrier according to claim 25, wherein said resin comprises a vinyl resin.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
15 words
A carrier according to claim 33, wherein said vinyl resin comprises an acrylic copolymer resin.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
17 words
A carrier according to claim 34, wherein said acrylic copolymer resin comprises a styrene/2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/methyl methacrylate copolymer.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
37 words
A carrier according to claim 25, wherein the carrier core particles are coated with said coating resin material in a coating weight that gives a resin solid content ranging from 0.1% by weight to 30% by weight.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
19 words
A carrier according to claim 25, wherein said carrier has a particle diameter ranging from 10 to 1,000 μm.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
129 words
A two-component type developer for developing an electrostatic image, comprising a toner and a carrier, wherein said carrier comprises carrier core particles and a coating resin material, the surfaces of said carrier core particles are each coated with the coating resin material, and said coating resin material comprises a resin having an hydroxyl number of 1 to 100 (KOH mg/g) and a quaternary ammonium salt represented by the following formula: ##STR24## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each are an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different from each other; and A is an organic anion, an isopolyacid ion or a heteropolyacid ion.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
129 words
A two-component type developer for developing an electrostatic image, comprising a toner and a carrier, wherein said carrier comprises carrier core particles and a coating resin material, the surfaces of said carrier core particles are each coated with the coating resin material, and said coating resin material comprises a resin having an hydroxyl number of 1 to 100 (KOH mg/g) and a quaternary ammonium salt represented by the following formula: ##STR24## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each are an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different from each other; and A is an organic anion, an isopolyacid ion or a heteropolyacid ion.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
17 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 38, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt is a lake compound.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
19 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 38, wherein R 4 is an aryl group or an aralkyl group.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
48 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 38, wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are an alkyl group or an aryl group; and R 4 is a group represented by the following formula: ##STR25## wherein n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
23 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 40, wherein the A in the formula of said quaternary ammonium salt represents an organic anion.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
16 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 42, wherein said organic anion is an aromatic anion.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
29 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 40, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt has a solubility in water of less than 1.0 g/100 g (H 2 O, 20° C.).
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
31 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 40, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt is added in an amount ranging from 0.5% by weight to 30% by weight based on said resin.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
15 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 40, wherein said resin comprises a vinyl resin.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
17 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 46, wherein said vinyl resin comprises an acrylic copolymer resin.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
19 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 47, wherein said acrylic copolymer resin comprises a styrene/2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/methyl methacrylate copolymer.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
39 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 40, wherein the carrier core particles are coated with said coating resin material in a coating weight that provides a resin solid content ranging from 0.1% by weight to 30% by weight.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
21 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 40, wherein said carrier has a particle diameter ranging from 10 to 1,000 μm.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
15 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 38, wherein R 4 represents an alkyl group.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
25 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 38, wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each represents an alkyl group.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
23 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 51, wherein the A in the formula of said quaternary ammonium salt represents an organic anion.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
16 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 53, wherein said organic anion is an aromatic anion.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
29 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 53, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt has a solubility to water of less than 1.0 g/100 g (H 2 O, 20° C.).
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
31 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 51, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt is added in an amount ranging from 0.5% by weight to 30% by weight based on said resin.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
15 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 51, wherein said resin comprises a vinyl resin.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
17 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 57, wherein said vinyl resin comprises an acrylic copolymer resin.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
19 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 58, wherein said acrylic copolymer resin comprises a styrene/2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/methyl methacrylate copolymer.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
39 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 51, wherein the carrier core particles are coated with said coating resin material in a coating weight that provides a resin solid content ranging from 0.1% by weight to 30% by weight.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
21 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 51, wherein said carrier has a particle diameter ranging from 10 to 1,000 μm.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
53 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 38, wherein said coating resin material is formed of a solution comprising a resin and said quaternary ammonium salt, and said quaternary ammonium salt is dissolved in a solvent to which said quaternary ammonium salt has a solubility of not less than 1.0 g/100 g (solvent).
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
69 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 62, wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each are an alkyl group or an aryl group and R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be the same or different from each other; R 4 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or an aralkyl group and A represents an organic anion.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
31 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 62, wherein R 4 is a group represented by the following formula: ##STR26## wherein n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
15 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 62, wherein R 4 represents an alkyl group.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
23 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 62, wherein the A in the formula of said quaternary ammonium salt represents an organic anion.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
16 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 65, wherein said organic anion is an aromatic anion.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
29 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 62, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt has a solubility to water of less than 1.0 g/100 g (H 2 O, 20° C.).
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
31 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 62, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt is added in an amount ranging from 0.5% by weight to 30% by weight based on said resin.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
15 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 62, wherein said resin comprises a vinyl resin.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
17 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 70, wherein said vinyl resin comprises an acrylic copolymer resin.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
17 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 71, wherein said acrylic copolymer resin has a hydroxyl group.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
39 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 62, wherein the carrier core particles are coated with said coating resin material in a coating weight that provides a resin solid content ranging from 0.1% by weight to 30% by weight.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
21 words
A two-component type developer according to claim 62, wherein said carrier has a particle diameter ranging from 10 to 1,000 μm.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
145 words
An image forming method comprising: developing a latent image by employing a two-component type developer comprising a toner and a carrier, under application of a bias voltage at a developing zone; wherein said carrier comprises carrier core particles and a coating resin material, the surfaces of said carrier core particles are each coated with the coating resin material and said coating resin material comprises a resin having an hydroxyl number of 1 to 100 (KOH mg/g) and a quaternary ammonium salt represented by the following formula: ##STR27## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each are an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different from each other; and A is an organic anion, an isopolyacid ion or a heteropolyacid ion.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
145 words
An image forming method comprising: developing a latent image by employing a two-component type developer comprising a toner and a carrier, under application of a bias voltage at a developing zone; wherein said carrier comprises carrier core particles and a coating resin material, the surfaces of said carrier core particles are each coated with the coating resin material and said coating resin material comprises a resin having an hydroxyl number of 1 to 100 (KOH mg/g) and a quaternary ammonium salt represented by the following formula: ##STR27## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each are an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different from each other; and A is an organic anion, an isopolyacid ion or a heteropolyacid ion.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
23 words
An image forming method according to claim 75, wherein said developer comprises any one of the developers according to claims 39 to 74.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
25 words
An image forming method according to claim 75, wherein said bias voltage is applied by overlapping an alternating electric field and a direct-current electric field.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
19 words
An image forming method according to claim 77, wherein said alternating electric field is not more than 2,000 Vpp.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
19 words
An image forming method according to claim 77, wherein said direct-current electric field is not more than 1,000 Vpp.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
39 words
An image forming method according to claim 75, wherein the distance e of the gap at which a developing sleeve and a latent image supporting member are opposed is in the range of from 50 μm to 800 μm.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
38 words
An image forming method according to claim 75, wherein the distance d between the lower end of a non-magnetic blade and the surface of a developing sleeve is in the range of from 100 μm to 900 μm.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
31 words
An image forming method according to claim 75, wherein an angle θ 1 formed by imaginary lines L 1 and L 2 is in the range of from -5° to 35°.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
14 words
An image forming method according to claim 75, wherein said photosensitive member comprises OPC.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
14 words
An image forming method according to claim 75, wherein said photosensitive member comprises α-Si.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-05-31 | 1996-11-30 | 1997-06-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-05-31 | 2000-11-30 | 2001-06-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-05-31 | 2004-11-30 | 2005-06-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |