US5225064A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Peroxidase colloidal gold oxidase biosensors for mediatorless glucose determination
Assignee: Magellan Diagnostics Inc
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Filing: 1992-03-06
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Granted: 1993-07-06
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Expires: 2012-03-06
Abstract
Abstract Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) immobilized on colloidal gold and then deposited on an electrode surface can be reduced at a convenient rate at low voltage (Ag/AgCl) without an electron transfer mediator. Bioelectrodes combining both a colloidal gold-adsorbed oxidase and colloidal gold-adsorbed HRP located on an electrode surface are efficient biodetectors, particularly for the measurement of low glucose levels in samples when glucose oxidase is employed as the sensing enzyme. The biodetectors may be employed for mediatorless detection of a wide variety of analytes depending on the oxidase employed.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert W. Henkens
- 👤 Junguo Zhao
- 👤 John P. O'Daly
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 05:04
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12Q; C12Q1/00; C12Q1/001; C12Q1/004; C12Q1/002; C12Q1/003; C12Q1/005; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S435/00; Y10S435/817
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
68 words
A bioelectrode comprising: a conducting surface; a peroxidase adsorbed in a monolayer or close to a monolayer onto colloidal gold particles wherein the colloidal gold-adsorbed peroxidase is deposited on the conducting surface; and an oxidase layer atop the deposited colloidal gold adsorbed peroxidase wherein direct electron transfer to the conducting surface occurs in the presence of an analyte when the bioelectrode is suitably coupled with a reference/counter electrode.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
68 words
A bioelectrode comprising: a conducting surface; a peroxidase adsorbed in a monolayer or close to a monolayer onto colloidal gold particles wherein the colloidal gold-adsorbed peroxidase is deposited on the conducting surface; and an oxidase layer atop the deposited colloidal gold adsorbed peroxidase wherein direct electron transfer to the conducting surface occurs in the presence of an analyte when the bioelectrode is suitably coupled with a reference/counter electrode.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
11 words
The biooelectrode of claim 1 wherein the peroxidase is horseradish peroxidase.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The bioelectrode of claim 1 wherein colloidal gold adsorbed oxidase is deposited atop the peroxidase.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
31 words
The bioelectrode of claim 1 wherein the oxidase is cholesterol oxidase, xanthine oxidase, amino acid oxidase, lactic acid oxidase, alcohol oxidase, glycolate oxidase, pyridoxal-4-oxidase, sorbose oxidase, gulonolactose oxidase or galactose oxidase.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
11 words
The bioelectrode of claim 1 wherein the oxidase is glucose oxidase.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
The bioelectrode of claim 1 wherein the oxidase is immobilized in a matrix at the conducting surface of the electrode.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The bioelectrode of claim 6 wherein the matrix is a hydrophilic polymer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
11 words
The bioelectrode of claim 7 wherein the hydrophilic polymer is carrageenan.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
37 words
A bioelectrode for mediatorless electrochemical detection of glucose comprising a conducting surface having a first deposited layer of monolayer-coated colloidal gold-adsorbed horseradish peroxidase and a second deposited layer of colloidal gold-adsorbed glucose oxidase atop said first layer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
37 words
A bioelectrode for mediatorless electrochemical detection of glucose comprising a conducting surface having a first deposited layer of monolayer-coated colloidal gold-adsorbed horseradish peroxidase and a second deposited layer of colloidal gold-adsorbed glucose oxidase atop said first layer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
The bioelectrode of claim 9 wherein the conducting electrode surface is glassy carbon.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
34 words
The bioelectrode of claim 9 wherein the first layer of colloidal gold-adsorbed horseradish peroxidase is evaporatively deposited onto the electrode surface prior to evaporative deposition of the second layer of colloidal gold-adsorbed glucose oxidase.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
The bioelectrode of claim 1 further comprising depositing at least two oxidase enzymes atop the deposited monolayer-coated colloidal gold peroxidase layer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process for preparing a bioelectrode comprising depositing a coating thickness of between 10 to 20 monolayers of a colloidal gold-adsorbed monolayer of peroxidase onto a conducting surface.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process for preparing a bioelectrode comprising depositing a coating thickness of between 10 to 20 monolayers of a colloidal gold-adsorbed monolayer of peroxidase onto a conducting surface.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
9 words
A bioelectrode prepared by the process of claim 13.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
14 words
An instrument for measuring concentrations of oxidase substrate comprising the bioelectrode of claim 1.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-07-05 | 1997-01-04 | 1997-07-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-07-05 | 2001-01-04 | 2001-07-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-07-05 | 2005-01-04 | 2005-07-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |