US5403462A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Electrochemical electrodes and methods for the preparation thereof
Assignee: Yissum Research Development Co of Hebrew University of Jerusalem
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Filing: 1993-06-24
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Granted: 1995-04-04
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Expires: 2013-06-24
Abstract
Abstract An electrochemical electrode, comprising carbon particles distributed in porous, inorganic ceramic material produced by sol-gel technology, wherein the particles form a continuous network which enables conductivity throughout the sol-gel derived matrices.
Inventors
- 👤 Ovadia Lev
- 👤 Michael Tsionsky
- 👤 Genia Gun
- 👤 Victor Glezer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 18:09
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/26; G01N27/28; G01N27/30; G01N27/327; G01N27/3275; G01N27/3277; G01N27/308; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S435/00; Y10S435/817; Y10T; Y10T156/00; Y10T156/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
60 words
An electrochemical electrode, comprising carbon particles distributed in an inorganic ceramic, porous, sol-gel derived matrix material, and a dopant selected from the group consisting of a redox couple and a selective compound or functional group immobilized within the sol-gel derived matrix, wherein said carbon particles form a continuous network within said sol-gel derived matrix which enables conductivity throughout said matrix.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
60 words
An electrochemical electrode, comprising carbon particles distributed in an inorganic ceramic, porous, sol-gel derived matrix material, and a dopant selected from the group consisting of a redox couple and a selective compound or functional group immobilized within the sol-gel derived matrix, wherein said carbon particles form a continuous network within said sol-gel derived matrix which enables conductivity throughout said matrix.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
An electrochemical electrode according to claim 1, wherein a carbon sol-gel composite is deposited on a solid support material selected from the group consisting of organic and inorganic support surfaces.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
An electrochemical electrode according to claim 1, wherein said inorganic ceramic material is a metal oxide or mixture of oxides.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
An electrochemical electrode according to claim 1, wherein said inorganic ceramic material is selected from the group consisting of silica, titania, alumina, and a mixture thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
An electrochemical reference electrode made according to claim 1, wherein said dopant is a redox couple immobilized within said composite sol-gel carbon electrode, forming a reference electrode.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
31 words
An electrochemical selective electrode made according to claim 1, wherein said dopant is a selective compound or functional group immobilized within the composite sol-gel carbon electrode, thus forming a selective electrode.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
87 words
A process for preparing an electrochemical electrode as claimed in claim 1, comprising: mixing carbon powder with a solution containing precursors of the sol-gel process; allowing said mixture to gel and dry at temperatures that are lower than temperatures causing pyrolysis; and incorporating said dopant into said matrix by adding said dopant to said solution containing sol-gel precursors or impregnating said dopant into said matrix, whereby a composite sol-gel carbon electrode, having carbon particles forming a continuous network distributed therein and said dopant immobilized therein is produced.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process according to claim 7, wherein said precursor of the sol gel process are applied to a fixed bed or layer of carbon powder, thus forming a dispersion of the carbon powder in the resulting sol-gel-derived porous glass.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
68 words
An electrochemical electrode, comprising: (a) a porous, inorganic ceramic xerogel matrix shaped in the configuration of an electrode; and (b) carbon particles distributed throughout said xerogel matrix to form a continuous network within said matrix, which enables conductivity throughout said matrix; and (c) a dopant selected from the group consisting of a redox couple and a selective compound or functional group immobilized within the xerogel matrix carbon electrode.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
68 words
An electrochemical electrode, comprising: (a) a porous, inorganic ceramic xerogel matrix shaped in the configuration of an electrode; and (b) carbon particles distributed throughout said xerogel matrix to form a continuous network within said matrix, which enables conductivity throughout said matrix; and (c) a dopant selected from the group consisting of a redox couple and a selective compound or functional group immobilized within the xerogel matrix carbon electrode.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
An electrochemical reference electrode made according to claim 9, wherein said dopant is a redox couple immobilized within the xerogel carbon electrode, thus forming a reference electrode.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
An electrochemical selective electrode according to claim 9, wherein said dopant is a selective compound or functional group immobilized within the xerogel carbon electrode, thus forming a selective electrode.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4923578A
Cited
US5001453A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1998-04-03 | 1998-10-03 | 1999-04-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2002-04-03 | 2002-10-03 | 2003-04-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2006-04-03 | 2006-10-03 | 2007-04-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |