US5640468A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method for identifying objects and features in an image
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 1994-04-28
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Granted: 1997-06-17
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Expires: 2014-04-28
Abstract
Abstract The present invention features the use of the fundamental concept of color perception and multi-level resolution to perform scene segmentation and object/feature extraction in the context of self-determining and self-calibration modes. The technique uses only a single image, instead of multiple images as the input to generate segmented images. Moreover, a flexible and arbitrary scheme is incorporated, rather than a fixed scheme of segmentation analysis. The process allows users to perform digital analysis using any appropriate means for object extraction after an image is segmented. First, an image is retrieved. The image is then transformed into at least two distinct bands. Each transformed image is then projected into a color domain or a multi-level resolution setting. A segmented image is then created from all of the transformed images. The segmented image is analyzed to identify objects. Object identification is achieved by matching a segmented region against an image library. A featureless library contains full shape, partial shape and real-world images in a dual library system. The depth contours and height-above-ground structural components constitute a dual library. Also provided is a mathematical model called a Parzen window-based statistical/neural network classifier, which forms an integral part of this featureless dual library object identification system. All images are considered three-dimensional. Laser radar based 3-D images represent a special case.
Inventors
- 👤 Shin-yi Hsu
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 09:35
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06T; G06T7/00; G06T7/10; G06T7/11; G06T7/12; G06T7/143; G06T7/174; G06V; G06V10/00; G06V10/20; G06V10/255; G06V10/70; G06V10/74; G06V10/75; G06V10/754; G06V20/00; G06V20/10; G06V20/13; G06V20/60; G06V20/64; G06T2207/00; G06T2207/10; G06T2207/10028; G06T2207/10032; G06T2207/10036; G06T2207/20; G06T2207/20016; G06T2207/20084; G06T2207/30; G06T2207/30181; G06T2207/30212
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
138 words
A method of generalizing objects or features in an image, the steps comprising: a) retrieving an original image, each pixel of which has a value represented by a predetermined number of bits, n; b) transforming said original image into at least two distinct bands, each of said pixels in each of the band-images comprising less than n bits; c) transforming said original image into at least two distinct resolutions by a series of down sampling schemes; d) projecting each of said transformed, band-images, into a composite domain; e) expanding each down-sampled image back to previous resolution by doubling, tripling, or quadrupling the pixels in both the x and y direction; f) creating a composite image from all of said transformed, band-images; and g) creating edge-based images by a series of comparisons and integrating among all resultant edge-based images.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
138 words
A method of generalizing objects or features in an image, the steps comprising: a) retrieving an original image, each pixel of which has a value represented by a predetermined number of bits, n; b) transforming said original image into at least two distinct bands, each of said pixels in each of the band-images comprising less than n bits; c) transforming said original image into at least two distinct resolutions by a series of down sampling schemes; d) projecting each of said transformed, band-images, into a composite domain; e) expanding each down-sampled image back to previous resolution by doubling, tripling, or quadrupling the pixels in both the x and y direction; f) creating a composite image from all of said transformed, band-images; and g) creating edge-based images by a series of comparisons and integrating among all resultant edge-based images.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of generalizing objects or features in an image in accordance with claim 1, the steps further comprising: h) digitizing said composite image, if necessary; and p1 i) analyzing regions in said segmented images to identify objects.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of generalizing objects or features in an image in accordance with claim 1, the steps further comprising: g) coordinating said composite image with independently-generated information to identify features and objects.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method of generalizing objects or features in an image in accordance with claim 1, wherein said transforming step (b) comprises compressing said original image, each of said bands using a different compression factor or technique, and said transforming step (c) comprises extracting said original image, each of said bands using a different down-sampling factor or technique.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of generalizing objects or features in an image in accordance with claim 4, wherein said compressing of said original image is accomplished by extracting the square root of the pixel values thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of generalizing objects or features in an image in accordance with claim 4, wherein said compressing of said original image is accomplished by extracting the log of the pixel values thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of generalizing objects or features in an image in accordance with claim 4, wherein said compressing of said original image is accomplished by extracting the double log of the pixel values thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of generalizing objects or features in an image in accordance with claim 4, wherein said compressing of said original image is accomplished by filtering said pixel values thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of generalizing objects or features in an image in accordance with claim 1, wherein said transforming step (b) comprises bit reduction and remapping without compression.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
121 words
A self-calibrating, self-determining method of generalizing objects or features in an image, the steps comprising: a) retrieving an original image in pixel form; b) transforming said original image into at least one stable structure band; c) executing a predetermined algorithm with said transformed image to perform iterative region-growing or region-merging by interrogating said image with a set of linearly-increasing color values; d) generating groups having a set of values indicating a number of regions in each segmented image; e) monitoring a slope and slope change of a scene characteristic (SC) curve; f) establishing at least one stopping point; g) projecting each of said transformed, band-images, into a composite domain; and h) creating a composite image from all of said transformed, band-images.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
121 words
A self-calibrating, self-determining method of generalizing objects or features in an image, the steps comprising: a) retrieving an original image in pixel form; b) transforming said original image into at least one stable structure band; c) executing a predetermined algorithm with said transformed image to perform iterative region-growing or region-merging by interrogating said image with a set of linearly-increasing color values; d) generating groups having a set of values indicating a number of regions in each segmented image; e) monitoring a slope and slope change of a scene characteristic (SC) curve; f) establishing at least one stopping point; g) projecting each of said transformed, band-images, into a composite domain; and h) creating a composite image from all of said transformed, band-images.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
36 words
The self-calibrating, self-determining method of generalizing objects or features in an image in accordance with claim 10, wherein said stopping point occurs when the slope or slope change of said SC curve is greater than zero.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
39 words
The self-calibrating, self-determining method of generalizing objects or features in an image in accordance with claim 10, the steps further comprising: i) digitizing said composite image, if necessary; and j) analyzing regions in said segmented images to identify objects.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
35 words
The self-calibrating, self-determining method of generalizing objects or features in an image in accordance with claim 12, the steps further comprising: p1 k) coordinating said composite image with independently-generated information to identify features and objects.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
38 words
The self-calibrating, self-determining method of generalizing objects or features in an image in accordance with claim 10, wherein said transforming step (b) comprises compressing said original image, each of said bands using a different compression factor or technique.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of generalizing objects or features in an image in accordance with claim 10, wherein said library comprises data representative of full images or a combination of portions thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of generalizing objects or features in an image in accordance with claim 15, wherein said library further comprises a noise model for facilitating matching of an actual image with stored library elements.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2000-06-16 | 2000-12-16 | 2001-06-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2004-06-16 | 2004-12-16 | 2005-06-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2008-06-16 | 2008-12-16 | 2009-06-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |