US6006216A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Data architecture for fetch-intensive database applications
Assignee: Nokia of America Corp
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Filing: 1997-07-29
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Granted: 1999-12-21
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Expires: 2017-07-29
Abstract
Abstract A logical data architecture for fetch-intensive database applications includes a first and a second logical database. The second database includes materialized views over the first database. Updates are propagated from the first database to the second database using so-called view maintenance techniques. In preferred embodiments, the first database may be optimized for update transactions and the second database may be optimized for read transactions. At least one of the materialized views included in the second database is based on a pre-defined application read transaction. The update processing overhead associated with view maintenance is substantially performed at the first database.
Inventors
- 👤 Timothy G. Griffin
- 👤 Richard Baxter Hull
- 👤 Bharat Kumar
- 👤 Daniel Francis Lieuwen
- 👤 Gang Zhou
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 21:02
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06F; G06F16/00; G06F16/20; G06F16/28; G06F16/284; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S707/00; Y10S707/99931; Y10S707/99932; Y10S707/99941; Y10S707/99944; Y10S707/99945
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
123 words
A method of operation of an on-line fetch processing application, said method comprising directing a majority of updates to a first database, directing a majority of reads to a second database, said first and second databases being such that said majority of updates are performed more efficiently to said first database than they would be if said updates were to be performed to said second database, and said majority of reads are performed more efficiently from said second database than they would be if said reads were to be performed from said first database, said second database holding materialized views, said materialized views being based on said first database, and substantially maintaining said second database by at least one technique of view maintenance.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
123 words
A method of operation of an on-line fetch processing application, said method comprising directing a majority of updates to a first database, directing a majority of reads to a second database, said first and second databases being such that said majority of updates are performed more efficiently to said first database than they would be if said updates were to be performed to said second database, and said majority of reads are performed more efficiently from said second database than they would be if said reads were to be performed from said first database, said second database holding materialized views, said materialized views being based on said first database, and substantially maintaining said second database by at least one technique of view maintenance.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of said materialized views is based on at least one application-specific read.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of said techniques of view maintenance is a technique of incremental view maintenance.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 1 wherein update processing associated with occurrences of a data item in both said first and said second databases occurs substantially at the first database.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said on-line fetch processing application being such that: a) most transactions are read-only; b) most of the read-only transactions use key-based selections; and c) substantially all transactions are defined at system design time.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
152 words
An apparatus comprising a first database; and a second database including materialized views over said first database, said first and second databases being such that a majority of updates are performed more efficiently to said first database than they would be if said updates were to be performed to said second database, and a majority of reads are performed more efficiently from said second database than they would be if said reads were to be performed from said first database, at least one of said materialized views being based on at least one read specific to an application, said application being an on-line fetch processing application such that: a) most transactions are read-only; b) most of the read-only transactions use key-based selections and c) substantially all transactions are defined at system design time; wherein a majority of updates to said second database are performed via at least one technique of view maintenance.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
152 words
An apparatus comprising a first database; and a second database including materialized views over said first database, said first and second databases being such that a majority of updates are performed more efficiently to said first database than they would be if said updates were to be performed to said second database, and a majority of reads are performed more efficiently from said second database than they would be if said reads were to be performed from said first database, at least one of said materialized views being based on at least one read specific to an application, said application being an on-line fetch processing application such that: a) most transactions are read-only; b) most of the read-only transactions use key-based selections and c) substantially all transactions are defined at system design time; wherein a majority of updates to said second database are performed via at least one technique of view maintenance.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
The apparatus of claim 6 wherein processing associated with said view maintenance is substantially performed at said first database.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said apparatus is a telecommunications switch.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said technique of view maintenance is a technique of incremental view maintenance.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said technique of incremental view maintenance includes communication of at least one delta to said second database.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 6 wherein either or both of said first and said second databases are physically distributed across platforms.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The apparatus of claim 6 wherein both of said first and said second databases reside on the same platform.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said first database is more normalized than said second database.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said first database is optimized for at least one application-specific update.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
73 words
An apparatus comprising a first database structured so as to optimize at least one update specific to an application, said application being an on-line fetch processing application; and a second database having materialized views, said views being based on said first database, said second database being defined so as to optimize at least one read specific to said application, said second database being maintained by at least one technique of incremental view maintenance.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
73 words
An apparatus comprising a first database structured so as to optimize at least one update specific to an application, said application being an on-line fetch processing application; and a second database having materialized views, said views being based on said first database, said second database being defined so as to optimize at least one read specific to said application, said second database being maintained by at least one technique of incremental view maintenance.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus of claim 15 wherein said first database includes means for computing updates to said materialized views and for applying them to said second database.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
69 words
The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the first and second databases are such that a majority of updates is performed more efficiently to said first database than they would be if said updates were to be performed to said second database, and a majority of reads is performed more efficiently from said second database than they would be if said reads were to be performed from said first database.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
40 words
The apparatus of claim 15 wherein said o n-line fetch processing application being such that: a) most transactions are read-only; b) most of the read-only transactions use key-based selections; and c) substantially all transactions are defined at system design time.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
37 words
A telecommunications switch comprising a first database; and a second database including materialized views over said first database, wherein a majority of updates to said second database are performed via at least one technique of view maintenance.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
37 words
A telecommunications switch comprising a first database; and a second database including materialized views over said first database, wherein a majority of updates to said second database are performed via at least one technique of view maintenance.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
26 words
The switch of claim 19 wherein said first database includes means for computing updates to said materialized views and for applying them to said second database.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
The switch of claim 19 wherein said second database is defined using at least one application-specific query over said first database.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
69 words
The invention of claim 19 wherein said first and second databases being such that a majority of updates are performed more efficiently to said first database than they would be if said updates were to be performed to said second database, and a majority of reads are performed more efficiently from said second database than they would be if said reads were to be performed from said first database.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
15 words
The invention of claim 19 wherein said technique of view maintenance includes incremental view maintenance.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
132 words
A telecommunications switch comprising a first database; and a second database including materialized views over said first database, the first and second databases being such that a majority of updates are performed more efficiently to said first database than they would be if said updates were to be performed to said second database, and a majority of reads are performed more efficiently from said second database than they would be if said reads were to be performed from said first database, at least one of said materialized views being based on at least one application-specific read; wherein propagation of said majority of updates to said second database is performed via at least one technique of incremental view maintenance, the processing associated with said view maintenance being substantially performed at said first database.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
132 words
A telecommunications switch comprising a first database; and a second database including materialized views over said first database, the first and second databases being such that a majority of updates are performed more efficiently to said first database than they would be if said updates were to be performed to said second database, and a majority of reads are performed more efficiently from said second database than they would be if said reads were to be performed from said first database, at least one of said materialized views being based on at least one application-specific read; wherein propagation of said majority of updates to said second database is performed via at least one technique of incremental view maintenance, the processing associated with said view maintenance being substantially performed at said first database.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-06-21 | 2003-12-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2006-12-20 | 2007-06-21 | 2007-12-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2010-12-20 | 2011-06-21 | 2011-12-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |