US6615024B1
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method and apparatus for determining signatures for calibrating a communication station having an antenna array
Assignee: Intel Corp
•
Filing: 1999-04-20
•
Granted: 2003-09-02
•
Expires: 2019-04-20
Abstract
Abstract A method and apparatus for estimating the downlink signature for a remote transceiver which is part of a wireless communication system that includes a main transceiver for communicating with the remote transceiver. The main transceiver includes an array of transmit antenna elements. The method uses the remote transceiver for receiving signals when the main transceiver transmits downlink calibration signals. When the main transceiver also has a receive antenna array, the remote transceiver can transmit uplink calibration signals to the main transceiver for determining an uplink signature. The downlink and uplink signatures are used to determine a calibration function to account for differences in the apparatus chains that include the antenna elements of the arrays, and that enable downlink smart antenna processing weights to be determined from uplink smart antenna processing weights when the main transceiver includes means for smart antenna processing according to weights.
Inventors
- 👤 Tibor Boros
- 👤 Craig H. Barratt
- 👤 Christopher R. Uhlik
- 👤 Mitchell D. Trott
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 09:28
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04L; H04L25/00; H04L25/02; H04L25/03; H04L25/03006; H04L25/03343; H01; H01Q; H01Q1/00; H01Q1/12; H01Q1/22; H01Q1/24; H01Q1/241; H01Q1/246; H01Q3/00; H01Q3/26; H01Q3/2605; H01Q3/267; H04B; H04B17/00; H04B17/10; H04B17/11; H04B17/20; H04B17/21; H04B17/22; H04B17/221; H04B7/00; H04B7/005; H04B7/02; H04B7/04; H04B7/06; H04B7/0613; H04B7/0615; H04B7/0617; H04B7/08; H04B7/0837; H04B7/0842; H04B7/0848; H04B17/12; H04B17/14; H04L2025/0335; H04L2025/03426
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 67
Claim 1
Independent Claim
169 words
In a wireless communication system, a method comprising: (a) transmitting a set of one or more downlink calibration waveforms from a main transceiver via an array of antenna elements of a transmit antenna array of the main transceiver to a remote transceiver, wherein the set of downlink calibration waveforms comprise modulated constant modulus calibration signals selected so that the dot product of any two calibration signals transmitted from any two distinct antenna elements of the transmit array is a pure tone; (b) processing the signals received at the remote transceiver corresponding to the downlink calibration waveforms, the processing to determine downlink signature related signals related to the downlink signature for the remote transceiver, wherein the downlink signature related signals are determined in relation to a reference antenna element of the transmit antenna array; (c) transmitting the downlink signature related signals from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver; and (d) determining the downlink signature of the remote transceiver from the downlink signature related signals received at the main transceiver.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
169 words
In a wireless communication system, a method comprising: (a) transmitting a set of one or more downlink calibration waveforms from a main transceiver via an array of antenna elements of a transmit antenna array of the main transceiver to a remote transceiver, wherein the set of downlink calibration waveforms comprise modulated constant modulus calibration signals selected so that the dot product of any two calibration signals transmitted from any two distinct antenna elements of the transmit array is a pure tone; (b) processing the signals received at the remote transceiver corresponding to the downlink calibration waveforms, the processing to determine downlink signature related signals related to the downlink signature for the remote transceiver, wherein the downlink signature related signals are determined in relation to a reference antenna element of the transmit antenna array; (c) transmitting the downlink signature related signals from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver; and (d) determining the downlink signature of the remote transceiver from the downlink signature related signals received at the main transceiver.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
78 words
The method of claim 1 , further comprising: (e) transmitting a set of one or more uplink calibration waveforms from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver; (f) processing at the main transceiver the received antenna signals corresponding to the uplink calibration signals transmitted from the remote transceiver, the processing determining the uplink signature for the remote transceiver; and (h) determining a calibration function from the main transceiver from the uplink and downlink signatures for the remote transceiver.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 2 , wherein the uplink calibration signals are idle traffic waveforms.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 2 , wherein the uplink calibration signals are the downlink signature related signals.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
66 words
The method of claim 2 , further comprising: (h) determining at the main transceiver an uplink weight vector for receiving from the remote transceiver by processing received antenna signals received while the remote transceiver is transmitting to the main transceiver; and (j) determining at the main transceiver a downlink weight vector for transmitting to the remote transceiver from the determined uplink weights and the calibration function.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the set of downlink calibration waveforms conform to an air interface standard.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1 , wherein the downlink calibration waveforms are transmitted during silent periods.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1 , wherein the downlink calibration waveforms are transmitted only after a number of idle waveforms are transmitted from the main transceiver.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method of claim 1 , wherein the downlink calibration waveforms transmitted from the main transceiver in step (a) are designed to be robust to one or more of the set comprising frequency offset, phase noise, I/Q mismatch, and timing offset.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 1 , wherein any component in a signature estimate is discarded if it corresponds to a weak receive or transmit antenna element relative to the other antenna elements.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1 , wherein the downlink calibration waveforms are selected so that the signals transmitted from each transmit antenna element are substantially orthogonal.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
123 words
The method of claim 11 , wherein the downlink calibration waveforms comprise combinations of M distinct modulated constant modulus calibration signals, M being the number of antenna elements of the antenna array for which a downlink signature is being determined, each calibration signal comprising two segments, denoted a first segment and a second segment, respectively, the two segments being identically timed for each calibration signal, wherein during the first segment time interval, a first set of linear combinations of the calibration signals is transmitted from each of the antenna elements of the transmit array, and during the second segment time interval, a second set of linear combinations of the calibration signals is transmitted from each of the antenna elements of the transmit array.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
75 words
The method of claim 11 , wherein the signals transmitted from each antenna element of the transmit array are modulated tone signals, the frequencies of the tone signals from distinct arrays being distinct, the downlink signature related signal determining processing step and downlink signature determining step together comprising: cross correlating the signals received at the remote transceiver with each of the tone signals, and normalizing the correlations with the signal transmitted from the reference element.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
230 words
The method of claim 11 , wherein there are M antenna elements, the first set of linear combinations being a sum of M distinct tone signals being transmitted from the reference antenna element, and none of the tone signals being transmitted from the other transmit antenna elements, the frequencies of the tone of the distinct tone signals being distinct, the second set of linear combinations being a different one of the tone signals being transmitted from each of the antenna elements, the frequencies of the tones from the distinct arrays being distinct, wherein determining the downlink signature comprises: cross correlating the signals received during a first segment at the remote transceiver with each of the first segment signals transmitted by each antenna element to obtain first segment correlations; normalizing the first segment correlations with the first segment correlation with the signal transmitted from the reference element, the normalizing forming first segment normalized correlations; cross correlating the signals received during a second segment at the remote transceiver with each of the second segment signals transmitted by each antenna element to obtain second segment correlations; normalizing the second segment correlations with the first segment correlation with the signal transmitted from the reference element, the normalizing forming second segment normalized correlations; and dividing each the second segment normalized correlation with the corresponding first segment normalized correlations to form the downlink signature estimate components.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 , where the downlink signature related signals comprise the downlink signature for the remote transceiver.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1 , wherein the array of transmit antenna elements and the one or more receive antenna elements comprise common antenna elements.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1 , wherein the downlink signature estimate is determined as the maximum likelihood estimate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 1 , wherein the communication system is a cellular system comprising one or more base stations, each having one or more subscriber units, and wherein the main transceiver is one of the base stations.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 18 , wherein the remote transceiver is a subscriber unit of the main transceiver.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1 , wherein the air interface standard is PHS.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
55 words
The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one receive antenna element are a plurality of receive antenna elements forming an array of receive antenna elements, the number of elements in the array of receive antenna elements being the same as the number of antenna elements in the array of transmit antenna elements.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
209 words
In a wireless communication system, a method comprising: (a) transmitting a set of one or more downlink calibration waveforms from a main transceiver via an array of antenna elements of a transmit antenna array of the main transceiver to a remote transceiver; (b) processing the signals received at the remote transceiver corresponding to the downlink calibration waveforms, the processing to determine downlink signature related signals related to a downlink signature for the remote transceiver; (c) transmitting the downlink signature related signals from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver; (d) transmitting a set of one or more uplink calibration signals from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver; (e) processing at the main transceiver the received antenna signals corresponding to the uplink calibration signals transmitted from the remote transceiver, the processing determining an uplink signature for the remote transceiver; (f) determining an uplink weight vector for the remote transceiver; and (g) determining a downlink weight vector for the remote transceiver by: (i) determining a calibration function for the remote transceiver from the determined uplink signature and the received antenna signals corresponding to the downlink signature related signals received at the main transceiver, and (ii) determining the downlink weight vector from the determined uplink weight vector and the calibration function.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
209 words
In a wireless communication system, a method comprising: (a) transmitting a set of one or more downlink calibration waveforms from a main transceiver via an array of antenna elements of a transmit antenna array of the main transceiver to a remote transceiver; (b) processing the signals received at the remote transceiver corresponding to the downlink calibration waveforms, the processing to determine downlink signature related signals related to a downlink signature for the remote transceiver; (c) transmitting the downlink signature related signals from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver; (d) transmitting a set of one or more uplink calibration signals from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver; (e) processing at the main transceiver the received antenna signals corresponding to the uplink calibration signals transmitted from the remote transceiver, the processing determining an uplink signature for the remote transceiver; (f) determining an uplink weight vector for the remote transceiver; and (g) determining a downlink weight vector for the remote transceiver by: (i) determining a calibration function for the remote transceiver from the determined uplink signature and the received antenna signals corresponding to the downlink signature related signals received at the main transceiver, and (ii) determining the downlink weight vector from the determined uplink weight vector and the calibration function.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
259 words
In a wireless communication system, a method comprising: (a) transmitting a set of one or more downlink calibration waveforms from a main transceiver via an array of transmit antenna elements of a transmit antenna array of the main transceiver to a plurality of remote transceivers; (b) processing the signals received at each remote transceiver corresponding to the downlink calibration waveforms, the processing to determine downlink signature related signals related to the downlink signature for each remote transceiver; (c) transmitting the downlink signature related signals from each remote transceiver to the main transceiver; (d) determining a downlink signature for each remote transceiver from the downlink signature related signals received at the main transceiver from each remote transceiver; (e) combining the downlink signatures for each remote transceiver to determine a combined downlink signature, (f) transmitting a set of one or more uplink calibration waveforms from each remote transceiver to the main transceiver; (g) processing at the main transceiver the received antenna signals corresponding to the uplink calibration signals transmitted from each remote transceiver, the processing determining an uplink signature for each remote transceiver; (h) combining the uplink signatures for the remote transceivers to determine a combined uplink signature; (i) determining a calibration function for the main transceiver from the combined uplink and combined downlink signatures; and (j) transmitting from each remote transceiver a remote transceiver received signal quality estimate to the main transceiver, wherein the signature combining is a weighted combining, the weighting of the signature for each remote transceiver being the remote transceiver signal quality estimate of the remote transceiver.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
259 words
In a wireless communication system, a method comprising: (a) transmitting a set of one or more downlink calibration waveforms from a main transceiver via an array of transmit antenna elements of a transmit antenna array of the main transceiver to a plurality of remote transceivers; (b) processing the signals received at each remote transceiver corresponding to the downlink calibration waveforms, the processing to determine downlink signature related signals related to the downlink signature for each remote transceiver; (c) transmitting the downlink signature related signals from each remote transceiver to the main transceiver; (d) determining a downlink signature for each remote transceiver from the downlink signature related signals received at the main transceiver from each remote transceiver; (e) combining the downlink signatures for each remote transceiver to determine a combined downlink signature, (f) transmitting a set of one or more uplink calibration waveforms from each remote transceiver to the main transceiver; (g) processing at the main transceiver the received antenna signals corresponding to the uplink calibration signals transmitted from each remote transceiver, the processing determining an uplink signature for each remote transceiver; (h) combining the uplink signatures for the remote transceivers to determine a combined uplink signature; (i) determining a calibration function for the main transceiver from the combined uplink and combined downlink signatures; and (j) transmitting from each remote transceiver a remote transceiver received signal quality estimate to the main transceiver, wherein the signature combining is a weighted combining, the weighting of the signature for each remote transceiver being the remote transceiver signal quality estimate of the remote transceiver.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
45 words
The method of claim 23 , wherein the main transceiver and the remote transceivers are designed for mutual communication using waveforms conforming to an air interface standard, and wherein each waveform in the set of downlink calibration waveforms substantially conforms to the air interface standard.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
111 words
The method of claim 23 , wherein the main transceiver comprises means for uplink adaptive smart antenna processing including linear uplink adaptive smart antenna processing according to an uplink weight vector, and downlink adaptive smart antenna processing including linear downlink adaptive smart antenna processing according to a downlink weight vector, the method further comprising: (k) determining at the main transceiver the uplink weight vector for receiving from the subscriber unit by processing received antenna signals received while the remote transceiver is transmitting to the main transceiver; and (l) determining at the main transceiver the downlink weight for transmitting to the remote transceiver from the determined uplink weights and the calibration factor.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 23 , wherein the signature combining is carried out by a principal component method.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
55 words
The method of claim 23 , wherein the at least one receive antenna element are a plurality of receive antenna elements forming an array of receive antenna elements, the number of elements in the array of receive antenna elements being the same as the number of antenna elements in the array of transmit antenna elements.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
295 words
A wireless communication system comprising: (a) a main transceiver comprising: (i) an array of transmit antenna elements, (ii) one or more receive antenna elements, and (iii) one or more main transceiver signal processors for processing received antenna signals and for forming transmit apparatus signals; and (b) a remote transceiver capable of receiving signals from and transmitting signals to the main transceiver comprising: (i) a remote transceiver receive antenna for receiving remote transceiver received signals, (i) a remote transceiver transmit antenna for transmitting remote transceiver transmit signals to the main transceiver, and (iii) one or more remote transceiver signal processors for processing remote transceiver received signals and for forming remote transceiver transmit signals, wherein at least one of the main transceiver signal processors is programmed to: transmit a set of downlink calibration waveforms from the main transceiver via the transmit antenna array to the remote transceiver, wherein the downlink calibration waveforms comprise modulated constant modulus calibration signals selected so that the dot product of any two calibration signals transmitted from any two distinct antenna elements of the transmit array is a pure tone; wherein at least one of the remote transceiver signal processors is programmed to: process the signals received corresponding to the transmitted downlink calibration waveforms at the remote transceiver to determine downlink signature related signals related to the downlink signature for the remote transceiver, wherein the downlink signature is determined in relation to a reference antenna element of the transmit antenna array; transmit the downlink signature related signals from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver, and wherein at least one of the main transceiver signal processors is programmed to: process the downlink signature related signals received at the main transceiver from the remote transceiver to determine the downlink signature for the remote transceiver.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
295 words
A wireless communication system comprising: (a) a main transceiver comprising: (i) an array of transmit antenna elements, (ii) one or more receive antenna elements, and (iii) one or more main transceiver signal processors for processing received antenna signals and for forming transmit apparatus signals; and (b) a remote transceiver capable of receiving signals from and transmitting signals to the main transceiver comprising: (i) a remote transceiver receive antenna for receiving remote transceiver received signals, (i) a remote transceiver transmit antenna for transmitting remote transceiver transmit signals to the main transceiver, and (iii) one or more remote transceiver signal processors for processing remote transceiver received signals and for forming remote transceiver transmit signals, wherein at least one of the main transceiver signal processors is programmed to: transmit a set of downlink calibration waveforms from the main transceiver via the transmit antenna array to the remote transceiver, wherein the downlink calibration waveforms comprise modulated constant modulus calibration signals selected so that the dot product of any two calibration signals transmitted from any two distinct antenna elements of the transmit array is a pure tone; wherein at least one of the remote transceiver signal processors is programmed to: process the signals received corresponding to the transmitted downlink calibration waveforms at the remote transceiver to determine downlink signature related signals related to the downlink signature for the remote transceiver, wherein the downlink signature is determined in relation to a reference antenna element of the transmit antenna array; transmit the downlink signature related signals from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver, and wherein at least one of the main transceiver signal processors is programmed to: process the downlink signature related signals received at the main transceiver from the remote transceiver to determine the downlink signature for the remote transceiver.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
92 words
The system of claim 28 , wherein at least one of the remote transceiver signal processors is programmed to: transmit a set of one or more uplink calibration waveforms to the main transceiver, and wherein at least one of the main transceiver signal processors is programmed to: process the received antenna signals corresponding to the uplink calibration waveforms transmitted from the remote transceiver, the processing determining an uplink signature for the remote transceiver; and determine a calibration function for the main transceiver from the uplink and downlink signatures for the remote transceiver.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
115 words
The system of claim 29 , wherein the main transceiver further comprises means for uplink adaptive smart antenna processing including linear uplink adaptive smart antenna processing according to an uplink weight vector, and downlink adaptive smart antenna processing including linear downlink adaptive smart antenna processing according to a downlink weight vector, wherein at least one of the main transceiver signal processors is programmed to: determine an uplink weight vector for receiving from the remote transceiver by processing received antenna signals received while the remote transceiver is transmitting to the main transceiver; and determine the downlink weight for transmitting to the remote transceiver from the uplink weights determined for the remote transceiver and the calibration function.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
15 words
The system of claim 29 , wherein the uplink calibration signals are idle traffic waveforms.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
17 words
The system of claim 29 , wherein the uplink calibration signals are the downlink signature related signals.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
25 words
The system of claim 28 , the downlink calibration waveforms are selected so that the signals transmitted from each transmit antenna elements are substantially orthogonal.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
33 words
The system of claim 28 , wherein the downlink calibration waveforms are designed to be robust to one or more of the set comprising frequency offset, phase noise, I/Q mismatch, and timing offset.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
122 words
The system of claim 28 , wherein he downlink calibration waveforms comprise combinations of M distinct modulated constant modulus calibration signals, being the number of antenna elements of the antenna array for which a downlink signature is being determined, each calibration signal comprising two segments, denoted a first segment and a second segment, respectively, the two segments being identically timed for each calibration signal, wherein during the first segment time interval, a first set of linear combinations of the calibration signal is transmitted from each of the antenna elements of the transmit array, and during the second segment time interval, a second set of linear combinations of the calibration signals is transmitted from each of the antenna elements of the transmit array.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
72 words
The system of claim 28 , wherein the signals transmitted from each antenna element of the transmit array are modulated tone signals, the frequencies of the tone signals from distinct arrays being distinct, the downlink signature signals determining and the downlink signature determining together comprising: cross correlating the signals received at the remote transceiver with each of the tone signals, and normalizing the correlations with the signal transmitted from the reference element.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
236 words
The system of claim 28 , wherein there are M antenna elements, the first set of linear combinations being a sum of M distinct tone signals being transmitted from the reference antenna element, and none of the tone signals being transmitted from the other transmit antenna elements, the frequencies of the tone of the distinct tone signals being distinct, the second set of linear combinations being a different one of the tone signals being transmitted from each of the antenna element, the frequencies of the tones from the distinct arrays being distinct, the downlink signature signals determining and the downlink signature determining together comprising: cross correlating the signals received during the first segment at the remote transceiver with each of the first segment signals transmitted by each antenna element to obtain first segment correlations; normalizing the first segment correlations with the first segment correlation with the signal transmitted from the reference element, the normalizing forming first segment normalized correlations; cross correlating the signals received during the second segment at the remote transceiver with each of the second segment signals transmitted by each antenna element to obtain second segment correlations; normalizing the second segment correlations with the first segment correlation with the signal transmitted from the reference element, the normalizing forming second segment normalized correlations; and dividing each the second segment normalized correlation with the corresponding first segment normalized correlations to form the downlink signature estimate components.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
38 words
The system of claim 28 , wherein the communication system is a cellular system comprising one or more base stations, each having one or more subscriber units, and wherein the main transceiver is one of the base stations.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 28 , wherein the remote transceiver is a subscriber unit of the main transceiver.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 28 , wherein the air interface standard is PHS.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
20 words
The system of claim 28 , where the downlink signature related signals comprise the downlink signature for the remote transceiver.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
25 words
The system of claim 28 , wherein the array of transmit antenna elements and the one or more receive antenna elements comprise common antenna elements.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 28 , wherein the downlink signature estimate is determined as the maximum likelihood estimate.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
55 words
The system of claim 28 , wherein the at least one receive antenna element are a plurality of receive antenna elements forming an array of receive antenna elements, the number of elements in the array of receive antenna elements being the same as the number of antenna elements in the array of transmit antenna elements.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
227 words
In a wireless communication system, a method comprising: (a) transmitting a set of one or more downlink calibration waveforms from a main transceiver via an array of antenna elements of a transmit antenna array of the main transceiver to a remote transceiver, wherein the downlink calibration waveforms comprise combinations of M distinct modulated constant modulus calibration signals, M being the number of antenna elements of the antenna array for which a downlink signature is being determined, each calibration signal comprising two segments, denoted a first segment and a second segment, respectively, the two segments being identically timed for each calibration signal, wherein during the first segment time interval, a first set of linear combinations of the calibration signals is transmitted from each of the antenna elements of the transmit array, and during the second segment time interval, a second set of linear combinations of the calibration signals is transmitted from each of the antenna elements of the transmit array; (b) processing the signals received at the remote transceiver corresponding to the downlink calibration waveforms, the processing to determine downlink signature related signals related to the downlink signature for the remote transceiver; (c) transmitting the downlink signature related signals from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver; and (d) determining the downlink signature of the remote transceiver from the downlink signature related signals received at the main transceiver.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
227 words
In a wireless communication system, a method comprising: (a) transmitting a set of one or more downlink calibration waveforms from a main transceiver via an array of antenna elements of a transmit antenna array of the main transceiver to a remote transceiver, wherein the downlink calibration waveforms comprise combinations of M distinct modulated constant modulus calibration signals, M being the number of antenna elements of the antenna array for which a downlink signature is being determined, each calibration signal comprising two segments, denoted a first segment and a second segment, respectively, the two segments being identically timed for each calibration signal, wherein during the first segment time interval, a first set of linear combinations of the calibration signals is transmitted from each of the antenna elements of the transmit array, and during the second segment time interval, a second set of linear combinations of the calibration signals is transmitted from each of the antenna elements of the transmit array; (b) processing the signals received at the remote transceiver corresponding to the downlink calibration waveforms, the processing to determine downlink signature related signals related to the downlink signature for the remote transceiver; (c) transmitting the downlink signature related signals from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver; and (d) determining the downlink signature of the remote transceiver from the downlink signature related signals received at the main transceiver.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
78 words
The method of claim 45 , further comprising: (e) transmitting a set of one or more uplink calibration waveforms from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver; (f) processing at the main transceiver the received antenna signals corresponding to the uplink calibration signals transmitted from the remote transceiver, the processing determining the uplink signature for the remote transceiver; and (h) determining a calibration function from the main transceiver from the uplink and downlink signatures for the remote transceiver.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 45 , wherein the downlink calibration waveforms are transmitted during silent periods.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 45 , wherein the downlink calibration waveforms are transmitted only after a number of idle waveforms are transmitted from the main transceiver.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method of claim 45 , wherein the downlink calibration waveforms transmitted from the main transceiver in step (a) are designed to be robust to one or more of the set comprising frequency offset, phase noise, I/Q mismatch, and timing offset.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
230 words
The method of claim 45 , wherein there are M antenna elements, the first set of linear combinations being a sum of M distinct tone signals being transmitted from the reference antenna element, and none of the tone signals being transmitted from the other transmit antenna elements, the frequencies of the tone of the distinct tone signals being distinct, the second set of linear combinations being a different one of the tone signals being transmitted from each of the antenna elements, the frequencies of the tones from the distinct arrays being distinct wherein determining the downlink signature comprises: cross correlating the signals received during a first segment at the remote transceiver with each of the first segment signals transmitted by each antenna element to obtain first segment correlations; normalizing the first segment correlations with the first segment correlation with the signal transmitted from the reference element, the normalizing forming first segment normalized correlations; cross correlating the signals received during a second segment at the remote transceiver with each of the second segment signals transmitted by each antenna element to obtain second segment correlations; normalizing the second segment correlations with the first segment correlation with the signal transmitted from the reference element, the normalizing forming second segment normalized correlations; and dividing each the second segment normalized correlation with the corresponding first segment normalized correlations to form the downlink signature estimate components.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
163 words
In a wireless communication system, a method comprising: (a) transmitting a set of one or more downlink calibration waveforms from a main transceiver via an array of antenna elements of a transmit antenna array of the main transceiver to a remote transceiver, wherein the downlink calibration waveforms comprise modulated tone signals; (b) processing the signals received at the remote transceiver corresponding to the downlink calibration waveforms, the processing to determine downlink signature related signals related to the downlink signature for the remote transceiver, wherein the downlink signature related waveforms are determined in relation to a reference antenna element by: cross correlating the signals received at the remote transceiver with each of the tone signals, and normalizing the correlations with the signal transmitted from the reference antenna element; (c) transmitting the downlink signature related signals from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver; and (d) determining the downlink signature of the remote transceiver from the downlink signature related signals received at the main transceiver.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
163 words
In a wireless communication system, a method comprising: (a) transmitting a set of one or more downlink calibration waveforms from a main transceiver via an array of antenna elements of a transmit antenna array of the main transceiver to a remote transceiver, wherein the downlink calibration waveforms comprise modulated tone signals; (b) processing the signals received at the remote transceiver corresponding to the downlink calibration waveforms, the processing to determine downlink signature related signals related to the downlink signature for the remote transceiver, wherein the downlink signature related waveforms are determined in relation to a reference antenna element by: cross correlating the signals received at the remote transceiver with each of the tone signals, and normalizing the correlations with the signal transmitted from the reference antenna element; (c) transmitting the downlink signature related signals from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver; and (d) determining the downlink signature of the remote transceiver from the downlink signature related signals received at the main transceiver.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
78 words
The method of claim 51 , further comprising: (e) transmitting a set of one or more uplink calibration waveforms from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver; (f) processing at the main transceiver the received antenna signals corresponding to the uplink calibration signals transmitted from the remote transceiver, the processing determining the uplink signature for the remote transceiver; and (h) determining a calibration function from the main transceiver from the uplink and downlink signatures for the remote transceiver.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 51 , wherein the downlink calibration waveforms are transmitted during silent periods.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 51 , wherein the downlink calibration waveforms are transmitted only after a number of idle waveforms are transmitted from the main transceiver.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method of claim 51 , wherein the downlink calibration waveforms transmitted from the main transceiver in step (a) are designed to be robust to one or more of the set comprising frequency offset, phase noise, I/Q mismatch, and timing offset.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
230 words
The method of claim 51 , wherein there are M antenna elements, the first set of linear combinations being a sum of M distinct tone signals being transmitted from the reference antenna element, and none of the tone signals being transmitted from the other transmit antenna elements, the frequencies of the tone of the distinct tone signals being distinct, the second set of linear combinations being a different one of the tone signals being transmitted from each of the antenna elements, the frequencies of the tones from the distinct arrays being distinct wherein determining the downlink signature comprises: cross correlating the signals received during a first segment at the remote transceiver with each of the first segment signals transmitted by each antenna element to obtain first segment correlations; normalizing the first segment correlations with the first segment correlation with the signal transmitted from the reference element, the normalizing forming first segment normalized correlations; cross correlating the signals received during a second segment at the remote transceiver with each of the second segment signals transmitted by each antenna element to obtain second segment correlations; normalizing the second segment correlations with the first segment correlation with the signal transmitted from the reference element, the normalizing forming second segment normalized correlations; and dividing each the second segment normalized correlation with the corresponding first segment normalized correlations to form the downlink signature estimate components.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
282 words
A wireless communication system comprising: (a) a main transceiver comprising: (i) an array of transmit antenna elements, (ii) one or more receive antenna elements, and (iii) one or more main transceiver signal processors for processing received antenna signals and for forming transmit apparatus signals; and (b) a remote transceiver capable of receiving signals from and transmitting signals to the main transceiver comprising: (i) a remote transceiver receive antenna for receiving remote transceiver received signals, (i) a remote transceiver transmit antenna for transmitting remote transceiver transmit signals to the main transceiver, and (iii) one or more remote transceiver signal processors for processing remote transceiver received signals; and for forming remote transceiver transmit signals, wherein at least one of the main transceiver signal processors is programmed to: transmit a set of downlink calibration waveforms from the main transceiver via the transmit antenna array to the remote transceiver, wherein at least one of the remote transceiver signal processors is programmed to: process the signals received corresponding to the transmitted downlink calibration waveforms at the remote transceiver to determine downlink signature related signals related to the downlink signature for the remote transceiver wherein the downlink signature related waveforms are determined in relation to a reference antenna element by: cross correlating the signals received at the remote transceiver with each of the tone signals, and normalizing the correlations with the signal transmitted from the reference antenna element; transmit the downlink signature related signals from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver, and wherein at least one of the main transceiver signal processors is programmed to: process the downlink signatures related at the main transceiver from the remote transceiver to determine the downlink signature for the remote transceiver.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
282 words
A wireless communication system comprising: (a) a main transceiver comprising: (i) an array of transmit antenna elements, (ii) one or more receive antenna elements, and (iii) one or more main transceiver signal processors for processing received antenna signals and for forming transmit apparatus signals; and (b) a remote transceiver capable of receiving signals from and transmitting signals to the main transceiver comprising: (i) a remote transceiver receive antenna for receiving remote transceiver received signals, (i) a remote transceiver transmit antenna for transmitting remote transceiver transmit signals to the main transceiver, and (iii) one or more remote transceiver signal processors for processing remote transceiver received signals; and for forming remote transceiver transmit signals, wherein at least one of the main transceiver signal processors is programmed to: transmit a set of downlink calibration waveforms from the main transceiver via the transmit antenna array to the remote transceiver, wherein at least one of the remote transceiver signal processors is programmed to: process the signals received corresponding to the transmitted downlink calibration waveforms at the remote transceiver to determine downlink signature related signals related to the downlink signature for the remote transceiver wherein the downlink signature related waveforms are determined in relation to a reference antenna element by: cross correlating the signals received at the remote transceiver with each of the tone signals, and normalizing the correlations with the signal transmitted from the reference antenna element; transmit the downlink signature related signals from the remote transceiver to the main transceiver, and wherein at least one of the main transceiver signal processors is programmed to: process the downlink signatures related at the main transceiver from the remote transceiver to determine the downlink signature for the remote transceiver.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
236 words
The system of claim 57 , wherein there are M antenna elements, the first set of linear combinations being a sum of M distinct tone signals being transmitted from the reference antenna element, and none of the tone signals being transmitted from the other transmit antenna elements, the frequencies of the tone of the distinct tone signals being distinct, the second set of linear combinations being a different one of the tone signals being transmitted from each of the antenna element, the frequencies of the tones from the distinct arrays being distinct, the downlink signature signals determining and the downlink signature determining together comprising: cross correlating the signals received during the first segment at the remote transceiver with each of the first segment signals transmitted by each antenna element to obtain first segment correlations; normalizing the first segment correlations with the first segment correlation with the signal transmitted from the reference element, the normalizing forming first segment normalized correlations; cross correlating the signals received during the second segment at the remote transceiver with each of the second segment signals transmitted by each antenna element to obtain second segment correlations; normalizing the second segment correlations with the first segment correlation with the signal transmitted from the reference element, the normalizing forming second segment normalized correlations; and dividing each the second segment normalized correlation with the corresponding first segment normalized correlations to form the downlink signature estimate components.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
92 words
The system of claim 57 , wherein at least one of the remote transceiver signal processors is programmed to: transmit a set of one or more uplink calibration waveforms to the main transceiver, and wherein at least one of the main transceiver signal processors is programmed to: process the received antenna signals corresponding to the uplink calibration waveforms transmitted from the remote transceiver, the processing determining an uplink signature for the remote transceiver; and determine a calibration function for the main transceiver from the uplink and downlink signatures for the remote transceiver.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
115 words
The system of claim 57 , wherein the main transceiver further comprises means for uplink adaptive smart antenna processing including linear uplink adaptive smart antenna processing according to an uplink weight vector, and downlink adaptive smart antenna processing including linear downlink adaptive smart antenna processing according to a downlink weight vector, wherein at least one of the main transceiver signal processors is programmed to: determine an uplink weight vector for receiving from the remote transceiver by processing received antenna signals received while the remote transceiver is transmitting to the main transceiver; and determine the downlink weight for transmitting to the remote transceiver from the uplink weights determined for the remote transceiver and the calibration function.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3774209A
Cited
US3704465A
Cited
US3798645A
Cited
US3852749A
Cited
US3946385A
Cited
US4005379A
Cited
US4035746A
Cited
US4085319A
Cited
US4128740A
Cited
US4263568A
Cited
US4316191A
Cited
US4375622A
Cited
US4434505A
Cited
US4827395A
Cited
US4475010A
Cited
US4626859A
Cited
US4796291A
Cited
US4658096A
Cited
US4737975A
Cited
US4775997A
Cited
US4639914A
Cited
US4829554A
Cited
US4639732A
Cited
US4972151A
Cited
US4965732A
Cited
US4750147A
Cited
US4737794A
Cited
US4742356A
Cited
US4922517A
Cited
US4947452A
Cited
US4955082A
Cited
US4989204A
Cited
US4837800A
Cited
US4855748A
Cited
US5041833A
Cited
US5109535A
Cited
US4910794A
Cited
US4965849A
Cited
US5299148A
Cited
US5255210A
Cited
US5638375A
Cited
US4965850A
Cited
US4940963A
Cited
US4926186A
Cited
US5052799A
Cited
US5093924A
Cited
US5124697A
Cited
GB2237706A
Cited
US5142253A
Cited
US5103459A
Cited
US5103459B1
Cited
US5159593A
Cited
US5497505A
Cited
US5457812A
Cited
US5276907A
Cited
US5345596A
Cited
US5828658A
Cited
US5546090A
Cited
US5515378A
Cited
US5592490A
Cited
US5430760A
Cited
US5262789A
Cited
US5274844A
Cited
US5367559A
Cited
US5260968A
Cited
US5423072A
Cited
US5283540A
Cited
US5475868A
Cited
US5465399A
Cited
US5603089A
Cited
US5537438A
Cited
US5379320A
Cited
US5361303A
Cited
US5471647A
Cited
US5530917A
Cited
US5475864A
Cited
US5555445A
Cited
US5335249A
Cited
US5448621A
Cited
EP0639035B1
Cited
US5565873A
Cited
US5576717A
Cited
US5543801A
Cited
US5440281A
Cited
US5557657A
Cited
US5678188A
Cited
US5752165A
Cited
US5615409A
Cited
US5745858A
Cited
US5387915A
Cited
US5625885A
Cited
US5603082A
Cited
US5566209A
Cited
US5553074A
Cited
US5548813A
Cited
US5621752A
Cited
US5689219A
Cited
US5675581A
Cited
US5673291A
Cited
US5596625A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2006-09-01 | 2007-03-03 | 2007-09-02 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2010-09-01 | 2011-03-03 | 2011-09-02 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2014-09-01 | 2015-03-03 | 2015-09-02 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |