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EP0016971A2
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A process of freezing an inorganic particulate slurry or suspension
Assignee: Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc
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Filing: 1980-02-29
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2000-02-29
Abstract
Abstract A process of freezing an inorganic particulate slurry or suspension containing a freeze sensitive colloidal ceramic sol which comprises supercooling the slurry in a freezing media and then freezing the slurry to cause spontaneous nucleation resulting in the formation of a very large number of ice crystals that are consequently very small thus producing a ceramic structure that is very uniform throughout is disclosed. According to one aspect the invention includes the addition of lithium ions to the freezing media with or without supercooling. Also composite ceramic structures composed of a laminate of at least two different fired ceramic bodies in which at least one ceramic body material has a different coefficient of expansion from at least one other wherein each ceramic body are disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert Smith-Johannsen
- 👤 Earl Bernard Blasch
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 12:12
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B35/00; C04B35/622; C04B35/626; C04B35/63; C04B35/6303; C04B35/6316; B; B22; B22F; B22F3/00; B22F3/22; B22F3/222; B32; B32B; B32B18/00; C04B35/01; C04B35/10; C04B35/101; C04B35/48; C04B35/486; C04B35/488; C04B37/00; C04B37/001; C04B2237/00; C04B2237/30; C04B2237/32; C04B2237/34; C04B2237/341; C04B2237/343; C04B2237/345; C04B2237/346; C04B2237/348; C04B2237/36; C04B2237/363; C04B2237/50; C04B2237/70; C04B2237/704; C04B2237/76; C04B2237/765
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
30 words
A process of freezing an inorganic particulate slurry or suspension containing a freeze-sensitive colloidal ceramic sol which comprises supercooling the slurry in a freezing media and then freezing the slurry.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process of freezing an inorganic particulate slurry or suspension containing a freeze-sensitive colloidal ceramic sol which comprises supercooling the slurry in a freezing media and then freezing the slurry.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the ceramic sol is a silica sol.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the particulate slurry is a refractory slurry.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 3 in which the refractory is alumina, magnesia, zirconia, silica, zircon, mullite, uranium oxide, or clay.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claims 1, 2, 3 or 4 in which the particulate slurry contains lithium ions in a sufficient amount to inhibit ice crystal growth.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claims 1, 2, 3 or 4 in which the freezing media is a hydrophobic liquid.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claims 1, 2, 3 or 4 in which the freezing media is hydrophobic and the particulate slurry is completely surrounded by the hydrophobic liquid.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
86 words
A process for freezing an inorganic particulate slurry or suspension containing a freeze-sensitive ceramic colloidal sol which comprises treating a mold with a hydrophobic liquid to completely cover the working surface of the mold with the hydrophobic liquid, inserting the pariticulate slurry or suspension into the mold and in contact with the working surface thereof while the working surface is still wet with the hydrophobic liquid, reducing the temperature of the slurry to a sufficient degree to supercool the slurry, and thereafter freezing the supercooled slurry.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
86 words
A process for freezing an inorganic particulate slurry or suspension containing a freeze-sensitive ceramic colloidal sol which comprises treating a mold with a hydrophobic liquid to completely cover the working surface of the mold with the hydrophobic liquid, inserting the pariticulate slurry or suspension into the mold and in contact with the working surface thereof while the working surface is still wet with the hydrophobic liquid, reducing the temperature of the slurry to a sufficient degree to supercool the slurry, and thereafter freezing the supercooled slurry.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 8 in which the slurry or suspension contains lithium ions in an amount sufficient to inhibit large ice crystal growth.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process according to claim 8 in which the temperature of the slurry is reduced in a freezing media and the freezing media is a hydrophobic liquid freezing media.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
59 words
A process according to claims 8, 9 or 10 in which the mold contains the slurry on all sides except the top side, a hydrophobic liquid is placed on the slurry exposed at the top side in a sufficient amount to cover the slurry, a top closure.placed on the mold top, and the slurry then supercooled and then frozen.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claims 8, 9 or 10 in which the frozen slurry is removed from the mold, thawed, dried and fired.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
54 words
A process of freezing an inorganic particulate slurry or suspension containing a freeze sensitive colloidal ceramic sol which comprises regulating or adjusting the relative zeta potentials of the particular particles and the sol particles to cause the sol particles to precipitate onto the surface of the particulate particles during the mixing of the particles.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
54 words
A process of freezing an inorganic particulate slurry or suspension containing a freeze sensitive colloidal ceramic sol which comprises regulating or adjusting the relative zeta potentials of the particular particles and the sol particles to cause the sol particles to precipitate onto the surface of the particulate particles during the mixing of the particles.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 13 in which the inorganic particulate slurry contains magnesia or zirconia particles.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process of freezing an inorganic particulate slurry or suspension containing a freeze-sensitive ceramic sol which comprises freezing the slurry or suspension in the presence of lithium ions contained in the slurry or suspension in an amount sufficient to inhibit ice crystal growth.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process of freezing an inorganic particulate slurry or suspension containing a freeze-sensitive ceramic sol which comprises freezing the slurry or suspension in the presence of lithium ions contained in the slurry or suspension in an amount sufficient to inhibit ice crystal growth.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 15 in which the slurry or suspension is supercooled before it is frozen.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
59 words
A process of making a composite inorganic article which comprises, forming a slurry composed of inorganic particles, forming at least a second slurry of different inorganic particles, bringing the slurries into physical contact with each other without substantial intermixing thereof, simultaneously freezing the slurries in a cooling media while in contact with each other to form a unified structure.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
59 words
A process of making a composite inorganic article which comprises, forming a slurry composed of inorganic particles, forming at least a second slurry of different inorganic particles, bringing the slurries into physical contact with each other without substantial intermixing thereof, simultaneously freezing the slurries in a cooling media while in contact with each other to form a unified structure.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 17 in which the inorganic slurries are formed by mixing the particles together with a freeze-sensitive colloidal ceramic sol.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 18 in which the sol is a silica sol.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claims 17, 18 or 19 in which the slurries are supercooled before freezing.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claims 17, 18, 19 or 20 in which the cooling media is hydrophobic.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claims 17, 18, 19, 20 or 21 in which at least one of the slurries contains lithium ions in a sufficient amount to inhibit ice crystal growth.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
96 words
A composite ceramic structure composed of a laminate of at least two different fired ceramic bodies in which at least one ceramic body material has a different coefficient of expansion from at least one other wherein each ceramic body has a void volume sufficient to permit expansion of the individual ceramic particles making up such body in accordance with its own coefficient of expansion but in which each ceramic body has a mass coefficient of expansion sufficiently low to prevent delamination of the ceramic lamina upon being subjected to heat up to at least about 3000°F.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
96 words
A composite ceramic structure composed of a laminate of at least two different fired ceramic bodies in which at least one ceramic body material has a different coefficient of expansion from at least one other wherein each ceramic body has a void volume sufficient to permit expansion of the individual ceramic particles making up such body in accordance with its own coefficient of expansion but in which each ceramic body has a mass coefficient of expansion sufficiently low to prevent delamination of the ceramic lamina upon being subjected to heat up to at least about 3000°F.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composite ceramic structure of claim 23 in which one of the bodies or lamina is alumina and the other zirconia, zircon, magnesia or silica.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
44 words
A composite ceramic structure composed of at least two different ceramics laminated together in the absence of an independent adhesive and having a mass thermal coefficient of expansion sufficiently low to withstand heat of at least about 3000°F without causing delamination of the ceramics.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
44 words
A composite ceramic structure composed of at least two different ceramics laminated together in the absence of an independent adhesive and having a mass thermal coefficient of expansion sufficiently low to withstand heat of at least about 3000°F without causing delamination of the ceramics.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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