Apparatus for the reduction of organic compounds by hydrogenation

Claim 1

AN APPARATUS FOR THE HYDROGENATION, UNDER HIGH PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE, OF ORGANIC RAW MATERIALS UNDER HIGH PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE WHICH PRODUCE MIXED HYDROGENATION PRODUCTS OF DIFFERING BOILING POINTS COMPRISING, A REACTION AUTOCLAVE, A CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE FOR COLLECTING THE VAPORIZED REACTION PRODUCTS AND A DISCHARGE AUTOCLAVE FOR THE LIQUID REACTION PRODUCTS CONNECTED BY A CONDUIT TO SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE, AN ORGANIC RAW MATERIALS CONDUIT HAVING A HEATER THEREIN CONNECTED TO THE SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE FOR INTRODUCING ORGANIC RAW MATERIALS INTO SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE, A HYDROGEN CONDUIT CONNECTING SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE WITH A SOURCE OF HYDROGEN, A CONDUIT CONNECTING SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE WITH SAID CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE AND A RETURN CONDUIT CONNECTING SAID CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE WITH SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE FORMING A HYDROGEN CIRCUIT FROM SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE TO SAID CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE AND BACK TO SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE AND MEANS IN SAID CIRCUIT CAPABLE OF CIRCULATING HYDROGEN IN EXCESS OF THE AMOUNT REQUIRED FOR HYDROGENATION OF SAID ORGANIC RAW MATERIALS THROUGH SAID HYDROGEN CIRCUIT, A CONDENSING MEANS ADJACENT THE REACTION AUTOCLAVE MOUNTED IN THE CONDUIT LEADING FROM SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE TO THE CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE WHEREBY THE HIGHER BOILING HYDROGENATING PRODUCTS ARE CONDENSED AND SEPARATED FROM THE HYDROGEN STREAM PASSING OUT OF THE REACTION AUTOCLAVE, A COOLER IN THE CONDUIT LEADING FROM SAID CONDENSING MEANS TO THE CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE WHEREBY THE LOWER BOILING FRACTIONS LEFT IN SAID HYDROGEN STREAM ARE CONDENSED AND DISCHARGED INTO SAID CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE, A HEATER IN THE CONDUIT FROM THE CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE TO THE REACTION AUTOCLAVE TO HEAT THE HYDROGEN PASSING THERETHROUGH AND MEANS IN SAID HYDROGEN CIRCUIT TO MAINTAIN THE HYDROGEN THEREIN AND SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE AND SAID CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE CONSTANTLY AT SUBSTANTIALLY THE HYDROGENATION PRESSURE.

Claim 2

AN APPARATUS FOR THE HYDROGENATION, UNDER HIGH PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE, OF ORGANIC RAW MATERIALS UNDER HIGH PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE WHICH PRODUCE MIXED HYDROGENATION PRODUCTS OF DIFFERING BOILING POINTS COMPRISING, A REACTION AUTOCLAVE, A CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE FOR COLLECTING THE VAPORIZED REACTION PRODUCTS AND A DISCHARGE AUTOCLAVE FOR THE LIQUID REACTION PRODUCTS CONNECTED BY A CONDUIT TO SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE, AN ORGANIC RAW MATERIALS CONDUIT HAVING A HEATER THEREIN CONNECTED TO THE SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE FOR INTRODUCING ORGANIC RAW MATERIALS INTO SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE, A HYDROGEN CONDUIT CONNECTING SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE WITH A SOURCE OF HYDROGEN, A CONDUIT CONNECTING SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE WITH SAID CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE AND A RETURN CONDUIT CONNECTING SAID CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE WITH SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE FORMING A HYDROGEN CIRCUIT FROM SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE TO SAID CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE AND BACK TO SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE AND MEANS IN SAID CIRCUIT CAPABLE OF CIRCULATING HYDROGEN IN EXCESS OF THE AMOUNT REQUIRED FOR HYDROGENATION OF SAID ORGANIC RAW MATERIALS THROUGH SAID HYDROGEN CIRCUIT, A CONDENSING MEANS ADJACENT THE REACTION AUTOCLAVE MOUNTED IN THE CONDUIT LEADING FROM SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE TO THE CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE WHEREBY THE HIGHER BOILING HYDROGENATING PRODUCTS ARE CONDENSED AND SEPARATED FROM THE HYDROGEN STREAM PASSING OUT OF THE REACTION AUTOCLAVE, A COOLER IN THE CONDUIT LEADING FROM SAID CONDENSING MEANS TO THE CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE WHEREBY THE LOWER BOILING FRACTIONS LEFT IN SAID HYDROGEN STREAM ARE CONDENSED AND DISCHARGED INTO SAID CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE, A HEATER IN THE CONDUIT FROM THE CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE TO THE REACTION AUTOCLAVE TO HEAT THE HYDROGEN PASSING THERETHROUGH AND MEANS IN SAID HYDROGEN CIRCUIT TO MAINTAIN THE HYDROGEN THEREIN AND SAID REACTION AUTOCLAVE AND SAID CONDENSATE AUTOCLAVE CONSTANTLY AT SUBSTANTIALLY THE HYDROGENATION PRESSURE.