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US3671430A
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High alkalinity additives for lubricating oil compositions
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Filing: 1971-01-19
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Granted: 1972-06-20
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Expires: 1991-01-19
Abstract
Abstract An alkaline earth metal sulfonate of high alkalinity is prepared by reacting an alkaline earth metal base, e.g. calcium hydroxide, with carbon dioxide in the presence of the metal sulfonate and an alkaline earth metal phenate, there also being present a polar solvent such as benzyl alcohol or tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, as well as free phenol in an amount over and above the stoichiometric quantity necessary to form metal phenate by reaction with the metal base. At the end of the reaction the solvent and free phenol are removed from the product by distillation. Preformed metal phenate can be used at the beginning of the reaction or the metal phenate can be formed in situ, starting with free phenol. Also, in place of metal sulfonate, free sulfonic acid can be used initially, with sufficient metal base to convert it to metal sulfonate. The attainment of total base numbers of 400 or more is possible by use of a second dispersant along with the metal sulfonate. This second dispersant, which is used with the sulfonate in the proportion of 0.1 to 1 part per part of sulfonate, can be a thioacid of phosphorus, or metal salt thereof, obtained by reaction of a sulfide of phosphorus on a hydrocarbon; an alkyl phenol or alkyl phenol sulfide, or metal salt thereof; or a monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid or anhydride, or metal salt thereof, characterized by a long chain hydrocarbon group of from about 20 to 200 carbon atoms, as for example, a polyisobutenyl succinic acid.
Inventors
- 👤 Jean Corringer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 06:41
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10M; C10M159/00; C10M159/12; C10M159/20; C10M159/24; C10M2201/00; C10M2201/06; C10M2201/062; C10M2201/08; C10M2201/081; C10M2201/082; C10M2201/084; C10M2203/00; C10M2203/10; C10M2203/102; C10M2203/104; C10M2203/106; C10M2203/108; C10M2207/00; C10M2207/02; C10M2207/023; C10M2207/027; C10M2207/10; C10M2207/12; C10M2207/121; C10M2207/123; C10M2207/125; C10M2207/129; C10M2207/22; C10M2219/00; C10M2219/02; C10M2219/04; C10M2219/044; C10M2219/046; C10M2219/08; C10M2219/082; C10M2219/087; C10M2219/088; C10M2219/089; C10M2223/00; C10M2223/02; C10M2223/04; C10M2223/045; C10M2223/047; C10M2223/08; C10M2223/12; C10M2225/00; C10M2225/04; C10M2225/041; C10N; C10N2010/00; C10N2010/04; C10N2040/00; C10N2040/25; C10N2040/252; C10N2040/253; C10N2070/00; C10N2070/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
30 words
Process as defined by claim 1 wherein the proportion of said second material to said sulfonate is from about 0.1 to about 1 part by weight per weight of sulfonate.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
13 words
Process as defined by claim 1 wherein said alkaline earth metal is calcium.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
Process as defined by claim 1 wherein said thioacid of phosphorus is the product of reaction of an olefinic hydrocarbon with a sulfide of phosphorus.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
Process as defined by claim 1 wherein said second dispersant material is the calcium salt of polyisobutenyl succinic acid.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
Process as defined by claim 1 wherein said second dispersant is calcium nonyl phenol sulfide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
Process as defined by claim 1 wherein said sulfonate is an alkylated benzene sulfonate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
Process as defined by claim 1 wherein said sulfonate is a petroleum oil sulfonate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
Process as defined by claim 1 wherein said solvent is benzyl alcohol.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
Process as defined by claim 1 wherein said calcium sulfonate is in the form of a concentrate in hydrocarbon oil.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
Process as defined by claim 1 wherein metal hydrocarbon sulfonate is prepared in situ in the reaction mixture by reaction of free sulfonic acid with calcium base.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
Process as defined by claim 1 which includes the step of removing free phenol and solvent from the reaction product by distillation.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
A sulfonate of high alkalinity when prepared by the process of claim 1.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
A lubricating oil containing 0.5 to 30 percent by weight of the sulfonate defined by claim 13.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
164 words
A process for preparing a calcium hydrocarbon sulfonate of high alkalinity which comprises reacting, at a temperature within the range of about 80* to 250* C., carbon dioxide with a calcium base selected from the group consisting of calcium phenate, quicklime, and slaked lime, in the presence of sufficient oil-soluble calcium hydrocarbon sulfonate to maintain said colloidal dispersion, in the presence of an amount of phenol in excess of the stoichiometric amount thereof needed to convert total calcium base present to phenate, and in the presence of a solvent selected from the group consisting of benzyl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, cyclohexanol, and methyl cylohexanol, there being present in said reaction mixture for each part by weight of total calcium base, calculated as quicklime, from 3 to 5 parts by weight of phenol and from 4 to 10 parts by weight of said solvent, the total amount of carbon dioxide used in the reaction exceeding one mol of carbon dioxide per mol of total calcium base.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
188 words
In a process wherein a calcium hydrocarbon sulfonate of high alkalinity is prepared by reaction of carbon dioxide with a calcium base selected from the group consisting of quicklime and slaked lime, in the presence of calcium hydrocarbon sulfonate, the improvement which comprises conducting said reaction at a temperature within the range of about 80* to 250* C. in the presence of calcium phenate, there being present phenol in an amount in excess of the stoichiometric amount needed to convert all of the calcium base to calcium phenate, and in the presence of a polar solvent selected from the group consisting of benzyl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, cyclohexanol, and methyl cyclohexanol, the proportions of reactants employed in said reaction corresponding, in parts by weight, to one part of quicklime, from 0.2 to 0.4 part of water, from 3 to 5 parts of phenol, from 4 to 10 parts of said solvent, and from 1.4 to 2.5 parts of calcium hydrocarbon sulfonate, the quantity of carbon dioxide used in the reaction exceeding one mol of carbon dioxide per mol of the total calcium represented by calcium base and calcium phenate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
Process improvement as defined by claim 16, wherein calcium phenate is prepared in situ in the reaction mixture by reaction of calcium base with phenol.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
40 words
Process improvement as defined by claim 16, wherein said reaction of carbon dioxide with calcium base is conducted in more than one stage, with a portion of the total amount of carbon dioxide and base being used in each stage.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-06-20 | 1975-12-20 | 1976-06-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-06-20 | 1979-12-20 | 1980-06-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-06-20 | 1983-12-20 | 1984-06-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |