Patent US3753667A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3753667A
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Articles having electroless metal coatings incorporating wear-resisting particles therein
Assignee: GEN AM TRANSPORT
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Filing: 1970-09-28
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Granted: 1973-08-21
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Expires: 1990-09-28
Abstract
Abstract There are disclosed processes for electroless metallizing workpieces to provide thereon a metal coating incorporation therein non-metallic wear-resisting particles and the coated workpieces produced by such processes, the processes comprising contacting the workpieces with an electroless metallizing bath consisting of an aqueous solution of a metal salt and an electroless reducing agent therefor and a quantity of nonmetallic wear-resisting particles, wherein the particles are essentially insoluble in the plating bath and are non-catalytic and inert with respect thereto, the particles being present in the bath in an amount by weight no greater than about four times the weight of the metal in the bath expressed as free metal, and maintaining the particles in suspension throughout the bath during the metallizing of the workpiece; the electroless coating with the wear-resisting particles therein may be heat treated by heating to an elevated temperature in the range 100*C. to 600*C. for one hour or more further to harden the coating.
Inventors
- 👤 W Metzger
- 👤 H Schmidt
- 👤 R Ott
- 👤 G Pappe
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 10:27
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23C; C23C18/00; C23C18/16; C23C18/1601; C23C18/1633; C23C18/1655; C23C18/1662; C23C18/31; C23C18/32; C23C18/34; C23C18/38; C23C18/40; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/922; Y10S428/923; Y10S428/924; Y10S428/926; Y10S428/9335; Y10S428/936; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12486; Y10T428/12493; Y10T428/1266; Y10T428/12667; Y10T428/12729; Y10T428/12736; Y10T428/12771; Y10T428/12861; Y10T428/12882
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
17 words
The article of manufacture set forth in claim 1, wherein said wear-resisting particles are silicon carbide particles.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
17 words
An article of manufacture set forth in claim 1, wherein said wear-resisting particles are tungsten carbide particles.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The article of manufacture set forth in claim 1, wherein said wear-resisting particles are molybdenum sulfide particles.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The article of manufacture set forth in claim 1, wherein said wear-resisting particles are silica particles.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
The article of manufacture set forth in claim 1, wherein said wear-resisting particles are aluminum oxide particles.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
The article of manufacture set forth in claim 1, wherein said wear-resisting particles have dimensions in the range from about 0.5 micron to about 25 microns.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The article of manufacture set forth in claim 1, wherein said layer has a thickness in the range from about 5 microns to about 200 microns.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
The article of manufacture set forth in claim 1, wherein said workpiece is formed of a metal selected from iron and the alloys thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The article of manufacture set forth in claim 1, wherein said workpiece is formed of a metal selected from nickel and the alloys thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
The article of manufacture set forth in claim 1, wherein said workpiece is formed of a metal selected from aluminum and the alloys thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
The article of manufacture set forth in claim 1, wherein said workpiece is formed of a metal selected from magnesium and the alloys thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
The article of manufacture set forth in claim 1, wherein said workpiece is formed of a metal selected from beryllium and the alloys thereof.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
The article of manufacture set forth in claim 1, wherein said workpiece is formed of a metal selected from copper and the alloys thereof.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
117 words
An article of manufacture comprising a workpiece, a wear-resistant coating carried by said workpiece and formed of an electroless nickel alloy consisting of nickel and an element selected from the class consisting of phosphorus and boron, said electroless nickel alloy containing from about 85 percent to about 97 percent nickel and from about 3 percent to about 15 percent of the element by weight and having dispersed therethrough wear-resisting particles, said particles being essentially insoluble in electroless plating baths and being non-catalytic and inert with respect thereto, said particles having dimensions on the order from about 0.5 micron to about 25 microns and consisting by volume from about 1 percent to about 40 percent of said coating.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
71 words
The article of manufacture set forth in claim 15, wherein said electroless nickel is an alloy containing from about 85 percent to 97 percent nickel and from about 3 percent to 15 percent phosphorous by weight and constituting a stable solid characterized by the presence of substantial microcrystals of nickel dispersed in a matrix of nickel phosphide and having a resulting hardness within the approximate range 1200 V.P.N. and 575 V.P.N.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
118 words
An article of manufacture comprising a workpiece, a wear-resistant coating carried by said workpiece and formed of an electroless cobalt alloy consisting of cobalt and an element selected from the class consisting of phosphorus and boron, said electroless cobalt alloy containing from about 85 percent to about 97 percent cobalt and from about 3 percent to about 15 percent of the element by weight and having dispersed therethrough wear-resisting particles, said particles being essentially insoluble in electroless plating baths and being non-catalytic and inert with respect thereto, said particles having dimensions on the order of from about 0.5 micron to about 25 microns and constituting by volume from about 1 percent to about 40 percent of said coating.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
119 words
An article of manufacture comprising a workpiece, a wear-resistant coating carried by said workpiece and formed of an alloy of electroless nickel and cobalt and an element selected from the class consisting of phosphorus and boron, said alloy consisting of from about 85 percent to about 97 percent of the metal and from about 3 percent to about 15 percent of the element by weight and having dispersed therethrough wear-resisting particles, said particles being essentially insoluble in electroless plating baths and being non-catalytic and inert with respect thereto, said particles having dimensions on the order of from about 0.5 micron to about 25 microns and constituting by volume from about 1 percent to about 40 percent of said coating.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
117 words
An article of manufacture comprising a workpiece, a wear-resistant coating carried by said workpiece and formed of an electroless copper alloy consisting of an element selected from the class consisting of phosphorus and boron, said electroless copper alloy consisting of from about 85 percent to about 97 percent copper and from about 3 percent to about 15 percent of the element by weight and having dispersed therethrough wear-resisting particles, said particles being essentially insoluble in electroless plating baths and being non-catalytic and inert with respect thereto, said particles having dimensions on the order of from about 0.5 micron to about 25 microns and constituting by volume from about 1 percent to about 40 percent of said coating.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
171 words
An article of manufacture comprising a workpiece, a wear-resistant coating carried by said workpiece and formed of an electroless metal alloy consisting of an electroless metal selected from the class consisting of nickel, cobalt, alloys of nickel and cobalt and copper and an element selected from the class consisting of phosphorus and boron, said alloy consisting of from about 85 percent to about 97 percent of the metal and from about 3 percent to about 15 percent of the element by weight and having dispersed therethrough first wear-resisting particles and second wear-resisting particles, all of said particles being essentially insoluble in electroless plating baths and being non-catalytic and inert with respect thereto, said first wear-resisting particles having a hardness substantially greater than that of said electroless metal alloy, said second wear-resisting particles imparting lubricating properties to said coating, all of said particles having dimensions on the order of from about 0.01 micron to about 10 microns and constituting by volume from about 1 percent to about 40 percent of said coating.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
27 words
An article of manufacture set forth in claim 20, wherein said first wear-resisting particles are silicon carbide particles and said second wear-resisting particles are molybdenum disulfide particles.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
101 words
An article of manufacturing comprising a workpiece, a wear-resistant coating carried by said workpiece and formed of electroless nickel alloy containing from about 85 percent to 97 percent niCkel and from about 3 to about 15 percent phosphorus by weight, said coating having disbursed there through wear-resisting particles, said particles being essentially insoluble in aqueous solutions and being non-catalytic and inert with respect to the electroless reducing agents for nickel, said particles having dimensions on the order of from about 0.5 micron to about 25 microns and constituting by volume from about 1 percent to about 40 percent of said coating.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
135 words
An article of manufacturing comprising a workpiece, a wear-resistant coating carried by said workpiece and formed of electroless nickel alloy containing from about 85 percent to 97 percent nickel and from about 3 percent to 15 percent phosphorus by weight and constituting a stable solid characterized by the presence of substantial micro-crystals of nickel phosphide dispersed in a matrix of nickel and having a resulting hardness within the approximate range 1200V.P.N. to 575V.P.N., said wear-resistant coating having a disbursed therethrough wear-resistant particles, said particles being essentially insoluble in aqueous solutions and being non-catalytic and inert with respect to the electroless reducing agents for nickel, said particles having dimensions on the order of from about 0.5 micron to about 25 microns and constituting by volume from about 1 percent to about 40 percent of said coating.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-08-20 | 1977-02-19 | 1977-08-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-08-20 | 1981-02-19 | 1981-08-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-08-20 | 1985-02-19 | 1985-08-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |