US3775561A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Wide-band transmission line directional coupler
Assignee: Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
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Filing: 1972-01-21
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Granted: 1973-11-27
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Expires: 1992-01-21
Abstract
Abstract Wide-band directional couplers are provided whereby a transmission line may be utilized for simultaneous sending and receiving of data processing and other signals. The decoding between sent and received signals is accomplished by the transmission line couplers. Each coupler may employ first and second inserted transmission lines having sending and receiving ends. The signals to be transmitted are supplied in duplicate to the sending ends of both inserted transmission lines by sending means which also may include matching impedances to provide reflectionless termination of the sending ends of both lines. The bi-directional transmission line is connected to the receiving end of the first inserted transmission line by matching means whereby the characteristic impedances of both the bi-directional line and the first inserted line are matched to avoid reflection. The receiving end of the second inserted line is given a matched termination to avoid reflection. The incoming signal from the bidirectional transmission line is received by receiving means connected between the receiving ends of the first and second inserted transmission lines, such receiving means being responsive to the differential signals beteeen the inserted lines so that the duplicate transmitted signals are balanced out. The receiving means may include a differential amplifier. The sending means may utilize a transistor driving amplifier having separate outputs to supply the transmitted signals to the first and second inserted transmission lines. Active elements may be employed in the sending and receiving means to provide negative admittance. Thus, a tunnel diode may be utilized in the sending means to provide balanced driving for the sending ends of the inserted transmission lines. The tunnel diode also provides power gain. Another tunnel diode may be utilized in the receiving means to provide power gain.
Inventors
- 👤 H Guckel
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 16:20
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04L; H04L5/00; H04L5/14; H04L5/1423
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
248 words
A wide band directional coupler for a bi-directional transmission line adapted to transmit outgoing signals and incoming signals simultaneously, comprising first and second transmission line sections having sending and receiving ends, said first and second transmission line sections being of equal length, sending means connected to said sending ends of both of said first and second transmission line sections for feeding duplicate transmitted signals to both of said first and second transmission line sections, first bi-directional matching means for connecting the receiving end of said first transmission line section to said bidirectional transmission line while matching the characteristic impedances of said first transmission line section and said bidirectional transmission line to avoid any reflection, said first matching means being effective to feed the transmitted signals to said bi-directional transmission line, while also simultaneously transmitting incoming signals therefrom, second matching means for matching the characteristic impedance of said second transmission line section at its receiving end to avoid any reflection, and differentially responsive receiving means connected between the receiving ends of said first and second transmission line sections for receiving the incoming signals from said bidirectional transmission line, said sending means including third matching means for matching the characteristic impedances of said first and second transmission line sections at the sending ends thereof to avoid any reflection of the incoming signals, said receiving means being responsive to differential signals between the receiving ends of said first and second transmission line sections whereby the duplicate transmitted signals are balanced out.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
248 words
A wide band directional coupler for a bi-directional transmission line adapted to transmit outgoing signals and incoming signals simultaneously, comprising first and second transmission line sections having sending and receiving ends, said first and second transmission line sections being of equal length, sending means connected to said sending ends of both of said first and second transmission line sections for feeding duplicate transmitted signals to both of said first and second transmission line sections, first bi-directional matching means for connecting the receiving end of said first transmission line section to said bidirectional transmission line while matching the characteristic impedances of said first transmission line section and said bidirectional transmission line to avoid any reflection, said first matching means being effective to feed the transmitted signals to said bi-directional transmission line, while also simultaneously transmitting incoming signals therefrom, second matching means for matching the characteristic impedance of said second transmission line section at its receiving end to avoid any reflection, and differentially responsive receiving means connected between the receiving ends of said first and second transmission line sections for receiving the incoming signals from said bidirectional transmission line, said sending means including third matching means for matching the characteristic impedances of said first and second transmission line sections at the sending ends thereof to avoid any reflection of the incoming signals, said receiving means being responsive to differential signals between the receiving ends of said first and second transmission line sections whereby the duplicate transmitted signals are balanced out.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
47 words
A coupler according to claim 1, in which said sending means includes first and second impedances connected in series between the sending ends of said first and second transmission line sections, and means for supplying the transmitted signals to the junction between said first and second impedances.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
81 words
A coupler according to claim 1, in which said sending means includes first and second impedances connected in series between the sending ends of said first and second transmission line sections, said first and second impedances having a junction therebetween, said sending means including a source of the transmitted signals and a series matching impedance connected between said source and said junction, said sending means including a shunt matching impedance connected to said junction and in shunting relation to said source.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
A coupler according to clAim 3, in which said source includes an additional transmission line connected to said series impedance.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
58 words
A coupler according to claim 1, in which said sending means includes first and second impendances connected in series between the sending ends of said transmission line sections, said impendances having a junction therebetween and an additional transmission line for bringing in the transmitted signals, and matching impedance means connected between said additional transmission line and said junction.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
39 words
A coupler according to claim 1, in which said first matching means includes shunt and series matching impedances connected to the receiving end of said first transmission line section and adapted to be connected to the bi-directional transmission line.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
A coupler according to claim 1, in which said second matching means includes an impedance corresponding to the characteristic impedance of said second transmission line section.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
A coupler according to claim 1, in which said receiving means includes a differential amplifier.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
A coupler according to claim 1, in which said sending means includes a driver amplifier having duplicate output means connected to the sending ends of said first and second transmission line sections.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
56 words
A coupler according to claim 1, in which said third matching means includes first and second terminating impedances connected to the sending ends of said first and second transmission line sections and corresponding to the characteristic impedances thereof, and a third terminating impedance connected between the sending ends of said first and second transmission line sections.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
90 words
A coupler according to claim 1, in which said sending means includes a source of the transmitted signals connected to the sending end of one of said transmission line sections, a matching impedance connected between the sending ends of said first and second transmission line sections, and an active circuit element affording negative admittance and connected to the sending end of the other transmission line section to provide negative admittance so as to equalize the transmitted signals developed at the sending ends of said first and second transmission line sections.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
A coupler according to claim 11, in which said active circuit element includes a tunnel diode.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
34 words
A coupler according to claim 1, in which said receiving means includes an active circuit element connected between the receiving ends of said first and second transmission line sections to provide negative admittance therebetween.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
A coupler according to claim 13, in which said active circuit element includes a tunnel diode.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-11-26 | 1977-05-28 | 1977-11-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-11-26 | 1981-05-28 | 1981-11-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-11-26 | 1985-05-28 | 1985-11-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |