Diesel engine and cylinder head therefor

Claim 2

An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder block having a top wall and a plurality of longitudinally aligned closely spaced cylinders, a cylinder head having lower and side walls, said cylinder head being mounted with said lower wall sealingly opposing the top wall of said block so as to close the ends of said cylinders, a plurality of injectors, one for each cylinder location, carried in said head and centered in their respective cylinder axes, said injectors each having a body portion including a thickened outer part intermediate the outer valves of each cylinder location, a plurality of exhaust passages extending laterally within said cylinder head, and opening through one of said side walls, said exhaust passages connecting at each cylinder location with four exhaust ports opening through said lower wall at locations spaced around the respective injector opening for said cylinder location, said exhaust passages being bifurcated with separate legs extending on opposite sides of said injector opening, one of said legs connecting with the two exhaust ports to the rear of said cylinder location and the ohter of said legs connecting with the two exhaust ports to the front of each cylinder location, one of the ports connecting with each leg comprising an inner port disposed at the end of its respective exhaust leg and the other of said ports comprising an outer port disposed closer to the side wall outlet of its exhaust passage than said inner port, a plurality of exhaust valves reciprocably carried in said cylinder head and closing said exhaust ports, said valves being openable to permit exhaust flow from said cylinders to said exhaust passages, valve and injector actuating means including a plurality of rocker arms for each cylinder location, means supporting said rocker arms, said support means being secured to said cylinder head and extending beside the locations of the inner valves of their respective cylinder locations, said exhaust ports and their respective valves being arranged in trapezoidal fashion with the inner and outer valves being laterally equally spaced from the axis of said cylinder and injector tube but with the inner ports and valves being longitudinally spaced closer to the axis of said cylinder and injector tube than are the outer ports and valves whereby the inner valves avoid interference with said rocker arm support means and the outer valves avoid interference with said injector body thickened portion.

Claim 3

An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder block having a top waLl and a plurality of longitudinally aligned closely spaced cylinders opening through said top wall, said block defining a coolant jacket surrounding said cylinders and having a plurality of coolant openings through said top wall intermediate said cylinders and connecting with said coolant jacket, a cylinder head having lower and side walls and defining an internal coolant jacket, said cylinder head being mounted with said lower wall sealingly opposing the top wall of said block so as to close the ends of said cylinders, said head having coolant openings through the lower wall and connecting the head coolant jacket with the block coolant openings to permit the passage of coolant from said block coolant jacket to said head coolant jacket, an injector receiving wall in said cylinder head at each cylinder location and defining an opening through said head for receiving a fuel injector, said injector opening extending through said lower wall and centered on the axis of its respective cylinder, a plurality of exhaust passages extending laterally within said cylinder head coolant jacket and opening through one of said side walls, said exhaust passages connecting at each cylinder location with four exhaust ports opening through said lower wall at locations spaced around the respective injector opening for said cylinder location, said exhaust passages being bifurcated with separate legs extending on opposite sides of said injector opening, one of said legs connecting with the two exhaust ports to the rear of said cylinder location and the other of said legs connecting with the two exhaust ports to the front of each cylinder location, one of the ports connecting with each leg comprising an inner port disposed at the end of its respective exhaust leg and the other of said ports comprising an outer port disposed closer to the side wall outlet of its exhaust passage than said inner port, a plurality of exhaust valves reciprocably carried in said cylinder head and closing said exhaust ports, said valves being openable to permit exhaust flow from said cylinders to said exhaust passages, a plurality of injectors, one for each cylinder location and received in the respective injector openings of said head, said injectors each having a body portion including a thickened outer part intermediate the outer valves of each cylinder location, valve and injector actuating means including a plurality of rocker arms for each cylinder location, means supporting said rocker arms, said support means being secured to said cylinder head and extending beside the locations of the inner valves of their respective cylinder locations, said exhaust ports and their respective valves being arranged in trapezoidal fashion with the inner and outer valves being laterally equally spaced from the axis of said cylinder and injector tube but with the inner ports and valves being longitudinally spaced closer to the axis of said cylinder and injector tube than are the outer ports and valves whereby the inner valves avoid interference with said rocker arm support means and the outer valves avoid interference with said injector body thickened portion while providing a substantial clearance space between said exhaust ports and said injector tube wall for coolant flow therebetween.

Claim 4

An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder block having a top waLl and a plurality of longitudinally aligned closely spaced cylinders opening through said top wall, said block defining a coolant jacket surrounding said cylinders and having a plurality of coolant openings through said top wall intermediate said cylinders and connecting with said coolant jacket, a cylinder head having lower and side walls and defining an internal coolant jacket, said cylinder head being mounted with said lower wall sealingly opposing the top wall of said block so as to close the ends of said cylinders, said head having coolant openings through the lower wall and connecting the head coolant jacket with the block coolant openings to permit the passage of coolant from said block coolant jacket to said head coolant jacket, an injector receiving wall in said cylinder head at each cylinder location and defining an opening through said head for receiving a fuel injector, said injector opening extending through said lower wall and centered on the axis of its respective cylinder, a plurality of exhaust passages extending laterally within said cylinder head coolant jacket and opening through one of said side walls, said exhaust passages connecting at each cylinder location with four exhaust ports opening through said lower wall at locations spaced around the respective injector opening for said cylinder location, said exhaust passages being bifurcated with separate legs extending on opposite sides of said injector opening, one of said legs connecting with the two exhaust ports to the rear of said cylinder location and the other of said legs connecting with the two exhaust ports to the front of each cylinder location, one of the ports connecting with each leg comprising an inner port disposed at the end of its respective exhaust leg and the other of said ports comprising an outer port disposed closer to the side wall outlet of its exhaust passage than said inner port, a plurality of exhaust valves reciprocably carried in said cylinder head and closing said exhaust ports, said valves being openable to permit exhaust flow from said cylinders to said exhaust passages, a plurality of injectors, one for each cylinder location and received in the respective injector openings of said head, said injectors each having a body portion including a thickened outer part intermediate the outer valves of each cylinder location, valve and injector actuating means including a plurality of rocker arms for each cylinder location, means supporting said rocker arms, said support means being secured to said cylinder head and extending beside the locations of the inner valves of their respective cylinder locations, said exhaust ports and their respective valves being arranged in trapezoidal fashion with the inner and outer valves being laterally equally spaced from the axis of said cylinder and injector tube but with the inner ports and valves being longitudinally spaced closer to the axis of said cylinder and injector tube than are the outer ports and valves whereby the inner valves avoid interference with said rocker arm support means and the outer valves avoid interference with said injector body thickened portion while providing a substantial clearance space between said exhaust ports and said injector tube wall for coolant flow therebetween.

Claim 5

An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder block having a top wall and a plurality of longitudinally aligned closely spaced cylinders opening through said top wall, said block defining a coolant jacket surrounding said cylinders and having a plurality of coolant openings through said top wall intermediate said cylinders and connecting with said coolant jacket, a cylinder head having lower and side walls and defining an internal coolant jacket, said cylinder head being mounted with said lower wall sealingly opposing the top wall of said block so as to close the ends of said cylinders, said head having coolant openings through the lower wall and connecting with the head coolant jacket and the Block coolant openings to permit the passage of coolant from said block coolant jacket to said head coolant jacket, a plurality of flow director nozzles, each nozzle comprising a cup-shaped member having at least one nozzle opening in the side thereof and an open end, said flow director nozzles being installed one in each of said head coolant openings such that said open end is at the surface of said lower wall and said nozzle opening is within said coolant jacket and arranged to direct water flow laterally therein, an injector receiving wall in said cylinder head at each cylinder location and defining an opening through said head for receiving a fuel injector, said injector opening extending through said lower wall and centered on the axis of its respective cylinder, a plurality of exhaust passages extending laterally within said cylinder head coolant jacket and opening through one of said side walls, said exhaust passages connecting at each cylinder location with four exhaust ports opening through said lower wall at locations spaced around the respective injector opening for said cylinder location, said exhaust passages being bifurcated, with separate legs extending on opposite sides of said injector opening, one of said legs connecting with the two exhaust ports to the rear of said cylinder location and the other of said legs connecting with the two exhaust ports to the front of each cylinder location, one of the ports connecting with each leg comprising an inner port disposed at the end of its respective exhaust leg and the other of said ports comprising an outer port disposed closer to the side wall outlet of its exhaust passage than said inner port, a plurality of exhaust valves reciprocably carried in said cylinder head and closing said exhaust ports, said valves being openable to permit exhaust flow from said cylinders to said exhaust passages, a plurality of valve bridges carried on said head and arranged one for each pair of valves connecting with a common exhaust passage leg, said bridges engaging the ends of their respective valves, a plurality of injectors, one for each cylinder location and received in the respective injector openings of said head, said injectors each having a body portion including a thickened outer part intermediate the outer valves of each cylinder location, a plurality of rocker arms for each cylinder location, including a centered rocker arm engaging said injector and a pair of rocker arms, one on either side of said centered rocker arm and each engaging one of said valve bridges for actuating said valves, a rocker arm shaft for each cylinder location and supporting said rocker arms, a pair of shaft supports for each rocker arm shaft, said shaft supports being secured to said cylinder head and extending beside the locations of the inner valves of their respective cylinder locations, said exhaust ports and their respective valves being arranged in trapezoidal fashion with the inner and outer valves being laterally equally spaced form the axis of said cylinder and injector tube but with the inner ports and valves being longitudinally spaced closer to the axis of said cylinder and injector tube than are the outer ports and valves whereby the inner valves avoid interference with said rocker arm supports and the outer valves avoid interference with said injector body thickened portion while providing a substantial coolant passage between said exhaust ports and said injector receiving wall for coolant flow therebetween.

Claim 6

An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder block having a top wall and a plurality of longitudinally aligned closely spaced cylinders opening through said top wall, said block defining a coolant jacket surrounding said cylinders and having a plurality of coolant openings through said top wall intermediate said cylinders and connecting with said coolant jacket, a cylinder head having lower and side walls and defining an internal coolant jacket, said cylinder head being mounted with said lower wall sealingly opposing the top wall of said block so as to close the ends of said cylinders, said head having coolant openings through the lower wall and connecting with the head coolant jacket and the Block coolant openings to permit the passage of coolant from said block coolant jacket to said head coolant jacket, a plurality of flow director nozzles, each nozzle comprising a cup-shaped member having at least one nozzle opening in the side thereof and an open end, said flow director nozzles being installed one in each of said head coolant openings such that said open end is at the surface of said lower wall and said nozzle opening is within said coolant jacket and arranged to direct water flow laterally therein, an injector receiving wall in said cylinder head at each cylinder location and defining an opening through said head for receiving a fuel injector, said injector opening extending through said lower wall and centered on the axis of its respective cylinder, a plurality of exhaust passages extending laterally within said cylinder head coolant jacket and opening through one of said side walls, said exhaust passages connecting at each cylinder location with four exhaust ports opening through said lower wall at locations spaced around the respective injector opening for said cylinder location, said exhaust passages being bifurcated, with separate legs extending on opposite sides of said injector opening, one of said legs connecting with the two exhaust ports to the rear of said cylinder location and the other of said legs connecting with the two exhaust ports to the front of each cylinder location, one of the ports connecting with each leg comprising an inner port disposed at the end of its respective exhaust leg and the other of said ports comprising an outer port disposed closer to the side wall outlet of its exhaust passage than said inner port, a plurality of exhaust valves reciprocably carried in said cylinder head and closing said exhaust ports, said valves being openable to permit exhaust flow from said cylinders to said exhaust passages, a plurality of valve bridges carried on said head and arranged one for each pair of valves connecting with a common exhaust passage leg, said bridges engaging the ends of their respective valves, a plurality of injectors, one for each cylinder location and received in the respective injector openings of said head, said injectors each having a body portion including a thickened outer part intermediate the outer valves of each cylinder location, a plurality of rocker arms for each cylinder location, including a centered rocker arm engaging said injector and a pair of rocker arms, one on either side of said centered rocker arm and each engaging one of said valve bridges for actuating said valves, a rocker arm shaft for each cylinder location and supporting said rocker arms, a pair of shaft supports for each rocker arm shaft, said shaft supports being secured to said cylinder head and extending beside the locations of the inner valves of their respective cylinder locations, said exhaust ports and their respective valves being arranged in trapezoidal fashion with the inner and outer valves being laterally equally spaced form the axis of said cylinder and injector tube but with the inner ports and valves being longitudinally spaced closer to the axis of said cylinder and injector tube than are the outer ports and valves whereby the inner valves avoid interference with said rocker arm supports and the outer valves avoid interference with said injector body thickened portion while providing a substantial coolant passage between said exhaust ports and said injector receiving wall for coolant flow therebetween.