Abstract A composite nickel-containing electroplate is formed on a base metal surface by electroplating on the surface an adherent nickel or nickel alloy layer having a thickness of from about 0.15 to 1.5 mils and an average sulfur content of less than about 0.03%. An intermediate nickel or nickel alloy layer, having a thickness of from about 0.005 to 0.2 mils and an average sulfur content of from about 0.05 to 0.3% is then electroplated on the lower layer. An adherent upper nickel or nickel alloy having a thickness of from about 0.2 to 1.5 mils and average sulfur content of from about 0.02 to 0.15% is then electroplated on the intermediate layer, the upper layer containing a lower percentage of sulfur then the lower layer. The source of sulfur, for at least the intermediate layer, is provided by including novel thioethersulfonates of nitriles or amides in the plating bath for that layer.
A thioethersulfonate independently selected from ##EQU1## wherein the following definitions delineate the scope of the above general formula: M = na, K, NH 4 or H; R = an alkylene group containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms; R 1 = h, or alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R 2 = h, or (CH 2 ) m X; m = 1 - 2 X = -cn, or ##EQU2## R 3 , R 4 = H, or alkyl group containing 1 - 4 carbon atoms; n = 0 to 3 with the proviso that when two X groups are present in the compound they are identical.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
107 words
A thioethersulfonate independently selected from ##EQU1## wherein the following definitions delineate the scope of the above general formula: M = na, K, NH 4 or H; R = an alkylene group containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms; R 1 = h, or alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R 2 = h, or (CH 2 ) m X; m = 1 - 2 X = -cn, or ##EQU2## R 3 , R 4 = H, or alkyl group containing 1 - 4 carbon atoms; n = 0 to 3 with the proviso that when two X groups are present in the compound they are identical.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
11 words
The thioethersulfonate of claim 1, wherein R is three carbon atoms.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The thioethersulfonate of claim 1, wherein R 3 and R 4 are hydrogen.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
9 words
The thioethersulfonate of claim 1, of the structure: ##STR4##
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The thioethersulfonate of claim 1, of the structure: NC -- CH.sub.2 -- CH.sub.2 -- S -- (CH.sub.2).sub.3 -- SO.sub.3 Na
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
9 words
The thioethersulfonate of claim 1, of the structure: ##STR5##
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
9 words
The thioethersulfonate of claim 1, of the structure: ##STR6##