Patent US4010137A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4010137A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Phosphorus-containing flame retardant for synthetic resins
Assignee: Phillips Petroleum Co
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Filing: 1975-12-15
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Granted: 1977-03-01
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Expires: 1995-12-15
Abstract
Abstract A phosphorus-containing flame retardant for synthetic resins is produced when suitable amounts of a phosphorus oxide compound of the formula (P 2 O 5 ) 0 .5 -1 .0 (H 2 O) 0 .0 -1 .5, melamine, and at least one saturated open-chain polyol containing from 5 to 15 carbon atoms and from 4 to 8 hydroxyl groups are combined and heated under such conditions that the resulting product when incorporated into a synthetic resin will not cause significant foaming of the synthetic resin composition when it is subjected to molding conditions but will still impart flame resistance to said synthetic resin.
Inventors
- 👤 Donnie G. Brady
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 05:44
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08K; C08K5/00; C08K5/49; C08K5/51; C08K5/52; C08K5/521
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 53
Claim 1
Independent Claim
115 words
A phosphorus-containing flame retardant for synthetic resins comprising the product which results when 1-100 parts by weight of phosphorus oxide having the formula (P 2 O 5 ) 0 .5-1.0 (H 2 O) 0 .0-1.5, 1-100 parts by weight of melamine, and 1-100 parts by weight of polyol selected from at least one saturated open-chain polyol containing from 5 to 15 carbon atoms and from 4 to 8 hydroxyl groups are combined and heated under such conditions that when said product is incorporated into a synthetic resin in an amount sufficient to impart flame retardance said product will not cause significant foaming of the synthetic resin composition when said composition is subjected to molding conditions.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
115 words
A phosphorus-containing flame retardant for synthetic resins comprising the product which results when 1-100 parts by weight of phosphorus oxide having the formula (P 2 O 5 ) 0 .5-1.0 (H 2 O) 0 .0-1.5, 1-100 parts by weight of melamine, and 1-100 parts by weight of polyol selected from at least one saturated open-chain polyol containing from 5 to 15 carbon atoms and from 4 to 8 hydroxyl groups are combined and heated under such conditions that when said product is incorporated into a synthetic resin in an amount sufficient to impart flame retardance said product will not cause significant foaming of the synthetic resin composition when said composition is subjected to molding conditions.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
A flame retardant according to claim 1 wherein the phosphorus oxide is selected from the group consisting of phosphorus pentoxide, orthophosphoric acid, and condensed phosphoric acids.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
85 words
A flame retardant according to claim 1 comprising the product which results when about 14 to about 0.25 parts by weight of melamine pyrophosphate is combined with each 1 part by weight of polyol selected from at least one of pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, and tripentaerythritol, and the mixture is then heated under such conditions that sufficient foaming occurs to insure that when the flame retardant is incorporated into a synthetic resin there will not be significant foaming when the synthetic resin is subjected to molding conditions.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
A flame retardant according to claim 3 wherein the weight ratio of melamine pyrophosphate to polyol is in the range of about 4:1 to about 1:1.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
36 words
A flame retardant according to claim 3 wherein the mixture of melamine pyrophosphate and polyol is heated at a temperature in the range of about 175° to about 275° C until the foaming has substantially subsided.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
A flame retardant according to claim 5 wherein the weight ratio of melamine pyrophosphate to polyol is in the range of about 4:1 to about 1:1.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
A flame retardant according to claim 6 wherein the polyol employed consists of dipentaerythritol.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
35 words
A flame-retarded synthetic resin composition comprising a synthetic resin and about 30 to about 90 parts by weight of the flame retardant of claim 3 for every 100 parts by weight of the synthetic resin.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
A flame-retarded synthetic resin composition of claim 8 wherein said synthetic resin consists essentially of a molding grade resin.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
32 words
A flame-retarded synthetic resin composition of claim 9 wherein said synthetic resin consists essentially of a synthetic resin selected from the group consisting of polyolefin homopolymers, polyolefin copolymers, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer, and polystyrene.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
A flame-retarded synthetic resin composition of claim 10 wherein the synthetic resin consists essentially of polypropylene homopolymer or ethylene-propylene copolymer.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
45 words
A flame-retarded synthetic resin of claim 11 wherein the flame retardant was produced by heating under such conditions after incorporation in the synthetic resin it will not produce significant foaming when the synthetic resin is molded at a temperature in the range of 350°-450° F.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
31 words
A flame-retarded synthetic resin composition comprising polypropylene and about 30 to about 90 parts by weight of the flame retardant of claim 7 for every 100 parts by weight of polypropylene.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
A flame-retarded synthetic resin composition comprising polypropylene and about 40 to about 60 parts by weight of the flame retardant of claim 7 for every 100 parts by weight of polypropylene.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
109 words
A flame retardant according to claim 1 comprising the product that results when from about 30 to about 100 parts by weight of orthophosphoric acid, about 40 to about 125 parts by weight of urea, about 3 to about 90 parts by weight of melamine, and about 5 to about 90 parts by weight of polyol selected from at least one of pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, and tripentaerythritol, are simultaneously combined and then heated together under such conditions that sufficient foaming occurs to insure that after the flame retardant is incorporated into a synthetic resin there will be no significant foaming when said synthetic resin composition is subjected to molding conditions.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
39 words
A flame-retarded synthetic resin composition comprising a molding grade synthetic resin and about 20 to about 60 parts by weight of the flame retardant of claim 15 for every 100 parts by weight of the molding grade synthetic resin.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
156 words
A flame retardant according to claim 1 comprising the product that results when from about 30 to about 100 parts by weight of orthophosphoric acid is added to about 40 to about 125 parts by weight of urea, and to that is added about 5 to about 90 parts by weight of polyol selected from at least one of pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, and tripentaerythritol, then the mixture is heated until substantially all the esterification has taken place to yield an esterification product, then said esterification product is combined with melamine in such an amount that the weight ratio of said esterification product to the melamine is in the range of about 10:1 to about 1:2, and then the mixture is heated under such conditions that sufficient foaming occurs to insure that after the flame retardant is incorporated into a synthetic resin there will be no significant foaming when the synthetic resin composition is subjected to molding conditions.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
40 words
A flame retardant according to claim 17 wherein after the addition of polyol the mixture is heated for about 20 hours at about 90° C and then at about 130° C for about 2 hours to yield said esterification product.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
31 words
A flame retardant according to claim 18 wherein said esterification product and melamine are heated at a temperature in the range of 190° to about 280° C for about 2 hours.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
29 words
A flame retardant according to claim 19 wherein the weight ratio of said esterification product to said melamine is in the range of from about 6:1 to about 2:1.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
40 words
A flame-retarded synthetic resin composition comprising a molding grade synthetic resin and from about 20 to about 60 parts by weight of the flame retardant of claim 17 for every 100 parts by weight of said molding grade synthetic resin.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
17 words
A flame-retarded synthetic resin composition according to claim 21 wherein the synthetic resin consists essentially of polyolefin.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
153 words
A flame retardant according to claim 1 comprising the product that results when about 30 to about 100 parts by weight of orthophosphoric acid is added to about 5 to about 90 parts by weight of polyol selected from at least one of pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, and tripentaerythritol, and to that is added 40 to about 125 parts by weight of urea and then the admixture is heated until substantially all the esterification has taken place to yield an esterification product, then said esterification product is combined with melamine in such an amount that the weight ratio of said esterification product to the melamine is in the range of 10:1 to 1:2 and then the mixture is heated under such conditions that sufficient foaming occurs to insure that after the flame retardant is incorporated into a synthetic resin there will be no significant foaming when said synthetic resin composition is subjected to molding conditions.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
36 words
A flame-retarded synthetic resin composition comprising molding grade synthetic resin and from about 20 to about 60 parts by weight of the flame retardant of claim 23 for every 100 parts by weight of synthetic resin.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
17 words
A flame-retarded synthetic resin composition according to claim 24 wherein the synthetic resin consists essentially of polyolefin.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
143 words
A flame retardant according to claim 1 comprising the product that results when a condensed phosphoric acid, melamine, and polyol selected from at least one of pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, and tripentaerythritol are combined in amounts that will impart flame retardancy to a synthetic resin by 1. esterifying said condensed phosphoric acid with said polyol and then adding melamine to said esterified condensed phosphoric acid; or 2. esterifying said condensed phosphoric acid with said polyol in the presence of at least part of the melamine and then adding the remaining melamine; and then heating the product by (1) or (2) to degas it in such a manner that a sufficient amount of volatiles will be evolved to insure that the resulting product when incorporated into a synthetic resin will not induce foaming in said synthetic resin when said synthetic resin is subject to molding conditions.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
46 words
A flame retardant according to claim 26 wherein the reaction product of condensed phosphoric acid, polyol and melamine is suspended in water and the pH of the suspension is adjusted to a point between about 4 and about 6 before the final degassing of the product.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
21 words
A flame retardant according to claim 26 wherein the weight ratio of condensed phosphoric acid:polyol:melamine is in the range of 2.5-6:1-3:2-4.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
32 words
A flame retardant according to claim 28 wherein about 5 to about 20 weight percent of the melamine is added to the condensed phosphoric acid along with polyol employed in the esterification.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
26 words
A flame retardant according to claim 28 wherein the condensed phosphoric acid contains from about 70 to about 100 weight percent P 2 O 5 .
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
26 words
A flame retardant according to claim 30 wherein the condensed phosphoric acid contains from about 80 to about 99 weight percent P 2 O 5 .
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
38 words
A flame-resistant synthetic resin comprising a molding grade synthetic resin and about 20 to about 60 parts by weight of a flame retardant of claim 26 for every 100 parts by weight of said molding grade synthetic resin.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
22 words
A flame-resistant synthetic resin according to claim 32 wherein the synthetic resin consists essentially of polyolefin homopolymer, polyolefin copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer, orpolystyrene.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
20 words
A flame-resistant synthetic resin according to claim 32 wherein the synthetic resin consists essentially of polypropylene homopolymer or ethylene-propylene copolymer.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
45 words
A flame retardant according to claim 26 wherein the condensed phosphoric acid is produced by reacting P 2 O 5 and H 3 PO 4 and the weight ratio H 3 PO 4 : P 2 O 5 :polyol:melamine is in the range of 1-1.5:6-8.5:2-8:5-10.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
32 words
A flame retardant according to claim 35 wherein about 5 to about 20 weight percent of the melamine is added to the condensed phosphoric acid along with polyol employed in the esterification.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
37 words
A flame-resistant synthetic resin comprising a molding grade synthetic resin and from about 20 to about 60 parts by weight of a flame retardant of claim 35 for every 100 parts by weight of said synthetic resin.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
23 words
A flame-resistant synthetic resin according to claim 37 wherein the synthetic resin consists essentially of polyolefin homopolymer, polyolefin copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer, or polystyrene.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
19 words
A flame-resistant synthetic resin according to claim 37 wherein the synthetic resin consists essentially of polypropylene or ethylene-propylene copolymer.
Claim 41
Independent Claim
119 words
A method for preparing a flame-retardant additive for synthetic resins comprising combining phosphorous oxide of the formula (P 2 O 5 ) 0 .5 -1 .0 (H 2 O) 0 .0 -1 .5, melamine, and at least one saturated open-chain polyol containing from 5 to 15 carbon atoms and from 4 to 8 hydroxyl groups and heating such combination under such conditions that the resulting product when incorporated into a synthetic resin in an amount sufficient to impart flame retardance will not cause significant foaming of the synthetic resin composition when said composition is subjected to molding conditions, said phosphorous oxide, melamine, and polyol being employed in amounts that the resulting product will impart flame retardance to synthetic resins.
Claim 42
Independent Claim
119 words
A method for preparing a flame-retardant additive for synthetic resins comprising combining phosphorous oxide of the formula (P 2 O 5 ) 0 .5 -1 .0 (H 2 O) 0 .0 -1 .5, melamine, and at least one saturated open-chain polyol containing from 5 to 15 carbon atoms and from 4 to 8 hydroxyl groups and heating such combination under such conditions that the resulting product when incorporated into a synthetic resin in an amount sufficient to impart flame retardance will not cause significant foaming of the synthetic resin composition when said composition is subjected to molding conditions, said phosphorous oxide, melamine, and polyol being employed in amounts that the resulting product will impart flame retardance to synthetic resins.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
130 words
A method according to claim 40 wherein the phosphorus oxide is a condensed phosphoric acid and the condensed phosphoric acid is 1. esterified with the polyol before melamine is added; or 2. is esterified with the polyol in the presence of at least part of the melamine after which the remainder of the melamine is added; then the reaction product of (1) or (2) is suspended in water, and the pH of the suspension is adjusted to a point between about 4 and about 6; then said reaction product is heated under such conditions that the resulting product when incorporated into a synthetic resin in an amount sufficient to impart flame retardance will not cause significant foaming of the synthetic resin composition when said composition is subjected to molding conditions.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method according to claim 40 wherein the phosphorous oxide is orthophosphoric acid and an amount of urea is combined with orthophosphoric acid, melamine, and said polyol, said amount of urea being such that the product will impart flame resistance to synthetic resin.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
64 words
A method according to claim 42 wherein the orthophosphoric acid is combined first with urea and then polyol is added to provide a mixture which is heated until substantially all the esterification has taken place, then an effective amount of the product of said esterification is combined with an effective amount of melamine to yield a combination of orthophosphoric acid, urea, polyol and melamine.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
64 words
A method according to claim 42 wherein the orthophosphoric acid is combined first with polyol and then urea is added to provide a mixture which is heated until substantially all the esterification has taken place, then an effective amount of the product of said esterification is combined with an effective amount of melamine to yield a combination of orthophosphoric acid, urea, polyol and melamine.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
123 words
A phosphorous-containing flame retardant for synthetic resins comprising the reaction product of phosphorus oxide of the formula (P 2 O 5 ) 0 .5 -1 .0 (H 2 O) 0 .0 -1 .5, melamine, and at least one saturated open-chain polyol containing from 5 to 15 carbon atoms and from 4 to 8 hydroxyl groups which has been heated under such conditions that when incorporated into a synthetic resin in an amount sufficient to impart flame retardance will not cause significant foaming of the synthetic resin composition when said composition is subjected to molding conditions, wherein said phosphorous oxide, said melamine, and said polyol are employed in amounts which when reacted and heated as described will impart flame retardance to a synthetic resin.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
123 words
A phosphorous-containing flame retardant for synthetic resins comprising the reaction product of phosphorus oxide of the formula (P 2 O 5 ) 0 .5 -1 .0 (H 2 O) 0 .0 -1 .5, melamine, and at least one saturated open-chain polyol containing from 5 to 15 carbon atoms and from 4 to 8 hydroxyl groups which has been heated under such conditions that when incorporated into a synthetic resin in an amount sufficient to impart flame retardance will not cause significant foaming of the synthetic resin composition when said composition is subjected to molding conditions, wherein said phosphorous oxide, said melamine, and said polyol are employed in amounts which when reacted and heated as described will impart flame retardance to a synthetic resin.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
29 words
A flame-retarded synthetic resin composition comprising a molding grade synthetic resin and a sufficient amount of the flame retardant of claim 45 to render said synthetic resin flame resistant.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
25 words
A flame-retarded synthetic resin composition comprising a molding grade synthetic resin and about 20 to about 90 php of the flame retardant of claim 45.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
18 words
A flame-retardant according to claim 45 comprising the product which results when melamine pyrophosphate is reacted with polyol.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
20 words
A flame-retardant according to claim 45 comprising the product which results when orthophosphoric acid, urea, melamine, and polyol are reacted.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
20 words
A flame-retardant according to claim 45 comprising the product which results when condensed phosphoric acid, melamine, and polyol are reacted.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-02-29 | 1980-08-30 | 1981-03-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-02-29 | 1984-08-30 | 1985-03-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-02-29 | 1988-08-30 | 1989-03-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |