Cobalt stripping process

Claim 2

A process for extracting and stripping cobalt from an ammoniacal leach liquor containing cobalt and other metal values comprising the steps of: (a) loading cobalt and other metal values onto an organic extractant while the cobalt is in the reduced divalent state; (b) oxidizing the co-loaded organic extractant to place extracted divalent cobalt in the trivalent state; (c) contacting the co-loaded organic with a dilute mineral acid to selectively strip the other metal values; (d) reducing the cobalt on the organic to the divalent state; and, (e) contacting the organic extractant while in a non-oxidizing atmosphere with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing metal ions selected from the group consisting of Cu +2 , Ni +2 and mixtures thereof to crowd the divalent cobalt from the organic extractant.

Claim 3

The process as set forth in claim 1 wherein, in step (a) cobalt and other metal values are loaded onto an oxime extractant.

Claim 4

The process as set forth in claim 1 wherein the other metal values are nickel values.

Claim 5

A process for purifying an organic extractant which has been poisoned with cobalt comprising the steps of: (a) cycling a bleed stream of poisoned organic extractant to a stripping stage; and (b) contacting the cobalt in the stripping stage with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing metal ions selected from the group consisting of Cu +2 , Ni +2 and mixtures thereof while the cobalt is in a reduced divalent state and in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to crowd the cobalt from the organic extractant and purify the poisoned organic extractant.

Claim 6

A process for purifying an organic extractant which has been poisoned with cobalt comprising the steps of: (a) cycling a bleed stream of poisoned organic extractant to a stripping stage; and (b) contacting the cobalt in the stripping stage with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing metal ions selected from the group consisting of Cu +2 , Ni +2 and mixtures thereof while the cobalt is in a reduced divalent state and in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to crowd the cobalt from the organic extractant and purify the poisoned organic extractant.

Claim 7

The process as set forth in claim 4 wherein the poisoned organic extractant is an oxime.

Claim 8

A process for selectively stripping metal values selected from the group consisting of copper and nickel from an organic extractant which is loaded with cobalt and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper and nickel comprising; oxidizing the metal values on the organic extractant to place cobalt values on the extractant in the trivalent state; contacting the organic extractant with a dilute mineral acid to strip the copper or nickel selectively while the cobalt values are in the oxidized trivalent state; reducing the cobalt on the organic extractant after other metal values have been stripped therefrom to place the cobalt in the divalent state; and, stripping the cobalt from the organic extractant by contacting it while in a non-oxidizing atmosphere with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing metal ions selected from the group consisting of Cu +2 , Ni +2 and mixtures thereof while the cobalt is in the divalent state to crowd the cobalt off the organic extractant.

Claim 9

A process for selectively stripping metal values selected from the group consisting of copper and nickel from an organic extractant which is loaded with cobalt and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper and nickel comprising; oxidizing the metal values on the organic extractant to place cobalt values on the extractant in the trivalent state; contacting the organic extractant with a dilute mineral acid to strip the copper or nickel selectively while the cobalt values are in the oxidized trivalent state; reducing the cobalt on the organic extractant after other metal values have been stripped therefrom to place the cobalt in the divalent state; and, stripping the cobalt from the organic extractant by contacting it while in a non-oxidizing atmosphere with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing metal ions selected from the group consisting of Cu +2 , Ni +2 and mixtures thereof while the cobalt is in the divalent state to crowd the cobalt off the organic extractant.

Claim 10

A process for treating a reduced ammoniacal leach liquor containing cobalt and nickel comprising the following steps: (a) contacting the reduced leach liquor with an organic extractant to co-load the extractant with cobalt and nickel; (b) oxidizing the organic extractant to purposely convert the divalent cobalt loaded on the organic extractant to the trivalent state; (c) stripping the nickel from the organic extractant with a dilute mineral acid; (d) reducing cobalt ions on the organic extractant to convert the trivalent cobalt to the divalent state; and, (e) contacting the divalent cobalt ions on the organic extractant while in a non-oxidizing atmosphere with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing an ion selected from the group consisting of Cu ++ , Ni ++ and mixtures thereof to crowd the cobalt ions off the organic extractant.

Claim 11

A process for treating a reduced ammoniacal leach liquor containing cobalt and nickel comprising the following steps: (a) contacting the reduced leach liquor with an organic extractant to co-load the extractant with cobalt and nickel; (b) oxidizing the organic extractant to purposely convert the divalent cobalt loaded on the organic extractant to the trivalent state; (c) stripping the nickel from the organic extractant with a dilute mineral acid; (d) reducing cobalt ions on the organic extractant to convert the trivalent cobalt to the divalent state; and, (e) contacting the divalent cobalt ions on the organic extractant while in a non-oxidizing atmosphere with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing an ion selected from the group consisting of Cu ++ , Ni ++ and mixtures thereof to crowd the cobalt ions off the organic extractant.

Claim 12

A process for treating a reduced ammoniacal leach liquor containing copper and nickel and cobalt values comprising the following steps: (a) oxidizing the leach liquor to convert the copper values to cupric ions; (b) adding a metallic reductant to the leach liquor to reduce the cobalt values from the trivalent state to the divalent state without reducing the cupric ions; (c) contacting the leach liquor with an organic extractant to extract copper, nickel and cobalt values; (d) oxidizing the co-loaded organic extractant to convert the cobalt values to the trivalent state and prevent them from being stripped therefrom; (e) selectively stripping the nickel and copper from the co-loaded organic extractant; (f) reducing the trivalent cobalt on the organic extractant to place the cobalt in the divalent state; and, (g) stripping the reduced cobalt values by contacting them while in a non-oxidizing atmosphere with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing an ion selected from the group consisting of Cu ++ , Ni ++ and mixture thereof to crowd the cobalt values off the organic extractant.

Claim 13

A process for treating a reduced ammoniacal leach liquor containing copper and nickel and cobalt values comprising the following steps: (a) oxidizing the leach liquor to convert the copper values to cupric ions; (b) adding a metallic reductant to the leach liquor to reduce the cobalt values from the trivalent state to the divalent state without reducing the cupric ions; (c) contacting the leach liquor with an organic extractant to extract copper, nickel and cobalt values; (d) oxidizing the co-loaded organic extractant to convert the cobalt values to the trivalent state and prevent them from being stripped therefrom; (e) selectively stripping the nickel and copper from the co-loaded organic extractant; (f) reducing the trivalent cobalt on the organic extractant to place the cobalt in the divalent state; and, (g) stripping the reduced cobalt values by contacting them while in a non-oxidizing atmosphere with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing an ion selected from the group consisting of Cu ++ , Ni ++ and mixture thereof to crowd the cobalt values off the organic extractant.

Claim 14

The process as set forth in claim 8 wherein the organic extractant is selected from the group consisting of oximes and quinoline derivatives.

Claim 15

The process as set forth in claim 9 wherein, in step (a) and (d) the oxidizing is performed by contacting the values with air.

Claim 16

The process as set forth in claim 10 wherein, in step (f), the reductant is selected from the group consisting of cobalt powder, zinc powder, copper powder, nickel powder, iron powder, cuprous ions, stannous ions, manganous ions, ferrous ions, sulfurous acid, and hypophosphorous acid.

Claim 17

The process as set forth in claim 11 wherein the reductant is a metal that is in the leach liquor as a metal value and is ultimately recovered in the process.

Claim 18

The process as set forth in claim 8 in step (f), wherein the reductant is cuprous ions.

Claim 19

The process as set forth in claim 8 wherein the reductant is cobalt powder.

Claim 20

The process as set forth in claim 8 wherein in step (g), the solution contains Cu ++ to crowd the cobalt values off the organic extractant.

Claim 21

A process for extracting copper and cobalt from an aqueous ammoniacal leach solution containing copper and cobalt values comprising the following steps: (a) reducing the ammoniacal leach solution to place the cobalt values in the leach solution in the divalent state and copper values in the monovalent state; (b) extracting cobalt metal values with an organic extractant, said extractant exhibiting low selectivity for copper values when the copper is in the monovalent state and high selectivity for cobalt metal values when the cobalt metal values are in the divalent state; (c) separating the organic extractant used in step (b) which is loaded with cobalt metal values from the aqueous ammoniacal leach solution to produce a raffinate containing copper values; (d) oxidizing the copper values in the raffinate to place the monovalent copper in the divalent state; (e) contacting the raffinate containing the divalent copper values with an ion extractant which is capable of extracting copper ions when in the divalent state; (f) separating the copper loaded ion extractant used in step (e) from the aqueous ammoniacal solution; (g) recovering copper from the copper loaded ion extractant separated in step (f); and, (h) contacting the organic extractant loaded with divalent cobalt after the separation of step (c) while in a non-oxidizing atmosphere with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing an ion selected from the group consisting of Cu +2 , Ni +2 and mixtures thereof while the cobalt on the organic extractant is in a reduced divalent state to crowd the cobalt off the extractant.

Claim 22

A process for extracting copper and cobalt from an aqueous ammoniacal leach solution containing copper and cobalt values comprising the following steps: (a) reducing the ammoniacal leach solution to place the cobalt values in the leach solution in the divalent state and copper values in the monovalent state; (b) extracting cobalt metal values with an organic extractant, said extractant exhibiting low selectivity for copper values when the copper is in the monovalent state and high selectivity for cobalt metal values when the cobalt metal values are in the divalent state; (c) separating the organic extractant used in step (b) which is loaded with cobalt metal values from the aqueous ammoniacal leach solution to produce a raffinate containing copper values; (d) oxidizing the copper values in the raffinate to place the monovalent copper in the divalent state; (e) contacting the raffinate containing the divalent copper values with an ion extractant which is capable of extracting copper ions when in the divalent state; (f) separating the copper loaded ion extractant used in step (e) from the aqueous ammoniacal solution; (g) recovering copper from the copper loaded ion extractant separated in step (f); and, (h) contacting the organic extractant loaded with divalent cobalt after the separation of step (c) while in a non-oxidizing atmosphere with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing an ion selected from the group consisting of Cu +2 , Ni +2 and mixtures thereof while the cobalt on the organic extractant is in a reduced divalent state to crowd the cobalt off the extractant.

Claim 23

The process as set forth in claim 16 wherein, in step (b), the cobalt metal values are extracted with an organic oxime extractant.

Claim 24

The process as set forth in claim 16 wherein, in step (e), the copper metal values are extracted with an ion extractant selected from the group consisting of oximes and 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives.

Claim 25

The process as set forth in claim 16 wherein, in step (b), the cobalt metal values are extracted with an oxime selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxy-4-nonyl-benzophenoxime, 5,8-diethyl-7-hydroxy-6-dodecanoneoxime and 2-hydroxy-4-dodecyl-benzophenoxime.

Claim 26

The process as set forth in claim 16 wherein, in step (e), the copper metal values are extracted with an oxime selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxy-4-nonyl-benzophenoxime, 5,8-diethyl-7-hydroxy-6-dodecanoneoxime and 2-hydroxy-4-dodecyl-benzophenoxime.

Claim 27

The process as set forth in claim 16 wherein the same extractant is used to extract cobalt metal values in step (b) and copper values in step (e).

Claim 28

The process as set forth in claim 16 wherein the aqueous ammoniacal leach solution contains copper, nickel and cobalt and wherein cobalt and nickel are extracted in step (b).

Claim 29

The process as set forth in claim 22 wherein, in step (b), the cobalt and nickel metal values are extracted with an oxime.

Claim 30

The process as set forth in claim 22 wherein, in step (b), the cobalt and nickel metal values are extracted with an oxime selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxy-4-nonylbenzophenoxime, 5,8-diethyl-7-hydroxy-6-dodecanoeoxime and 2-hydroxy-4-dodecylbenzophenoxime.

Claim 31

In a process in which manganese nodules are treated with an ammoniacal leach solution containing cuprous ions to reduce the manganese oxides in the nodules to enable copper, nickel and cobalt values contained therein to be leached and thereafter recovered by solvent extraction wherein the improvement comprises: (a) extracting cobalt and nickel metal values with an organic extractant from said ammoniacal leach solution while said cobalt values are in a divalent state and said copper values are in a monovalent state, said extractant exhibiting low selectivity for copper values when the copper is in the monovalent state and high selectivity for cobalt and nickel metal values when the cobalt and nickel metal values are in a divalent state; (b) separating the organic extractant used in step (a) which is loaded with cobalt and nickel metal values from the aqueous ammoniacal leach solution to produce a raffinate containing copper values; (c) oxidizing the copper values in the raffinate to place the monovalent copper in the divalent state; (d) contacting the raffinate containing the divalent copper values with an ion extractant which is capable of extracting copper ions when in the divalent state; (e) separating the copper loaded ion extractant used in step (d) from the aqueous ammoniacal solution; (f) recovering copper from the copper loaded ion extractant separated in step (e); (g) oxidizing the organic extractant separated in step (b) to place the cobalt values in the trivalent state; (h) stripping the nickel values from the oxidized extractant of step (g) with a dilute mineral acid; and, (i) contacting the extractant stripped of nickel in step (h) with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing a metal selected from the group consisting of Cu +2 , Ni +2 and mixtures thereof while the cobalt is in a reduced divalent state and in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to crowd the cobalt off the organic extractant.

Claim 32

In a process in which manganese nodules are treated with an ammoniacal leach solution containing cuprous ions to reduce the manganese oxides in the nodules to enable copper, nickel and cobalt values contained therein to be leached and thereafter recovered by solvent extraction wherein the improvement comprises: (a) extracting cobalt and nickel metal values with an organic extractant from said ammoniacal leach solution while said cobalt values are in a divalent state and said copper values are in a monovalent state, said extractant exhibiting low selectivity for copper values when the copper is in the monovalent state and high selectivity for cobalt and nickel metal values when the cobalt and nickel metal values are in a divalent state; (b) separating the organic extractant used in step (a) which is loaded with cobalt and nickel metal values from the aqueous ammoniacal leach solution to produce a raffinate containing copper values; (c) oxidizing the copper values in the raffinate to place the monovalent copper in the divalent state; (d) contacting the raffinate containing the divalent copper values with an ion extractant which is capable of extracting copper ions when in the divalent state; (e) separating the copper loaded ion extractant used in step (d) from the aqueous ammoniacal solution; (f) recovering copper from the copper loaded ion extractant separated in step (e); (g) oxidizing the organic extractant separated in step (b) to place the cobalt values in the trivalent state; (h) stripping the nickel values from the oxidized extractant of step (g) with a dilute mineral acid; and, (i) contacting the extractant stripped of nickel in step (h) with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing a metal selected from the group consisting of Cu +2 , Ni +2 and mixtures thereof while the cobalt is in a reduced divalent state and in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to crowd the cobalt off the organic extractant.

Claim 33

The process as set forth in claim 25 wherein, in step (a), the cobalt and nickel metal values are extracted with an organic extractant selected from the group consisting of oximes and 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives.

Claim 34

The process as set forth in claim 26 wherein, in step (d), the copper metal values are extracted with an organic extractant selected from the group consisting of oximes and 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives.

Claim 35

The process as set forth in claim 25 wherein, in step (a), the cobalt and nickel metal values are extracted with an oxime selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxy-4-nonylbenzophenoxime, 5,8-diethyl-7-hydroxy-6-dodecanoneoxime, 2-hydroxy-4-dodecylbenzophenoxime and mixtures thereof.

Claim 36

The process as set forth in claim 28 wherein, in step (d), the copper metal values are extracted with an oxime selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxy-4-nonyl-benzophenoxime, 5,8-diethyl-7-hydroxy-6-dodecanoneoxime and 2-hydroxy-4-dodecyl-benzophenoxime and mixtures thereof.

Claim 37

The process as set forth in claim 25 wherein the same extractant is used to extract cobalt and nickel metal values in step (a) and copper values in step (d).

Claim 38

A process for extracting cobalt from an aqueous ammoniacal leach solution containing cobalt and non-cobalt metal values comprising the following steps: (a) oxidizing the ammoniacal leach solution to place the metal values in the leach solution in their highest oxidation state, the cobalt values being oxidized to the trivalent state; (b) extracting non-cobalt metal values with an organic extractant, said organic extractant exhibiting low selectivity for cobalt values when the cobalt is in the trivalent state and high selectivity for non-cobalt metal values when the non-cobalt metal values are in a high oxidation state; (c) separating the organic extractant used in step (b) which is loaded with non-cobalt metal values from the aqueous ammoniacal leach solution to produce a raffinate containing cobalt values; (d) reducing the cobalt values in the raffinate to place the trivalent cobalt in the divalent state; (e) contacting the raffinate containing the divalent cobalt values with an ion extractant which is capable of extracting cobalt ions when in the divalent state; (f) separating the cobalt loaded ion extractant used in step (e) from the aqueous ammoniacal solution; and, (g) crowding cobalt from the cobalt loaded ion extractant separated in step (f) by contacting the extractant while in a non-oxidizing atmosphere with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing a metal ion selected from the group consisting of Cu +2 Ni +2 and mixtures thereof.

Claim 39

A process for extracting cobalt from an aqueous ammoniacal leach solution containing cobalt and non-cobalt metal values comprising the following steps: (a) oxidizing the ammoniacal leach solution to place the metal values in the leach solution in their highest oxidation state, the cobalt values being oxidized to the trivalent state; (b) extracting non-cobalt metal values with an organic extractant, said organic extractant exhibiting low selectivity for cobalt values when the cobalt is in the trivalent state and high selectivity for non-cobalt metal values when the non-cobalt metal values are in a high oxidation state; (c) separating the organic extractant used in step (b) which is loaded with non-cobalt metal values from the aqueous ammoniacal leach solution to produce a raffinate containing cobalt values; (d) reducing the cobalt values in the raffinate to place the trivalent cobalt in the divalent state; (e) contacting the raffinate containing the divalent cobalt values with an ion extractant which is capable of extracting cobalt ions when in the divalent state; (f) separating the cobalt loaded ion extractant used in step (e) from the aqueous ammoniacal solution; and, (g) crowding cobalt from the cobalt loaded ion extractant separated in step (f) by contacting the extractant while in a non-oxidizing atmosphere with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing a metal ion selected from the group consisting of Cu +2 Ni +2 and mixtures thereof.

Claim 40

The process as set forth in claim 31 wherein, in step (d), the trivalent cobalt values are reduced to the divalent state with cobalt metal.

Claim 41

The process as set forth in claim 32 wherein, in step (b), the non cobalt metal values are extracted with an organic extractant selected from the group consisting of oximes and 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives.

Claim 42

The process as set forth in claim 32 wherein, in step (b), the non cobalt metal values are extracted with an oxime selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxy-4-nonylbenzophenoxime, 5,8-diethyl-7-hydroxy-6-dodecanoneoxime and 2-hydroxy-4-dodecylbenzophenoxime.

Claim 43

The process as set forth in claim 32 wherein the same extractant is used to extract non cobalt metal values in step (b) and cobalt values in step (e).

Claim 44

The process as set forth in claim 32 wherein the aqueous ammoniacal leach solution contains copper, nickel and cobalt and wherein copper and nickel are extracted in step (b).

Claim 45

The process as set forth in claim 31 wherein, in step (b), the non cobalt metal values are extracted with an organic extractant selected from the group consisting of oximes and 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives.

Claim 46

The process as set forth in claim 31 wherein, in step (b), the non cobalt metal values are extracted with an oxime selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxy-4-nonyl-benzophenoxime, 5,8-diethyl-7-hydroxy-6-dodecanoneoxime and 2-hydroxy-4-dodecylbenzophenoxime.

Claim 47

The process as set forth in claim 31 wherein the same extractant is used to extract non cobalt metal values in step (b) and cobalt values in step (e).

Claim 48

The process as set forth in claim 31 wherein the aqueous ammoniacal leach solution contains copper, nickel and cobalt and wherein copper, and nickel are extracted in step (b).

Claim 49

In a process in which manganese nodules are treated with an ammoniacal leach solution containing cuprous ions to enable copper, nickel and cobalt values contained therein to be leached and thereafter recovered by solvent extraction wherein the improvement comprises: (a) oxidizing the ammoniacal leach solution containing copper, nickel and cobalt values to place these metal values in their highest oxidation state, the cobalt values being oxidized to the trivalent state; (b) extracting copper and nickel metal values with an organic extractant, said extractant exhibiting low selectivity for cobalt values when the cobalt is in the trivalent state and high selectivity for copper and nickel metal values when the copper and nickel metal values are in a high oxidation state; (c) separating the organic extractant used in step (b) which is loaded with copper and nickel metal values from the aqueous ammoniacal leach solution to produce a raffinate containing cobalt values; (d) reducing the cobalt values in the raffinate to place the trivalent cobalt in the divalent state; (e) contacting the raffinate containing the divalent cobalt values with an ion extractant which is capable of extracting cobalt ions when in the divalent state; (f) separating the cobalt loaded ion extractant used in step (e) from the aqueous ammoniacal solution; and (g) crowding cobalt from the cobalt loaded ion extractant separated in step (f) by contacting the extractant while in a non-oxidizing atmosphere with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing a metal ion selected from the group consisting of Cu +2 , Ni +2 and mixtures thereof.

Claim 50

In a process in which manganese nodules are treated with an ammoniacal leach solution containing cuprous ions to enable copper, nickel and cobalt values contained therein to be leached and thereafter recovered by solvent extraction wherein the improvement comprises: (a) oxidizing the ammoniacal leach solution containing copper, nickel and cobalt values to place these metal values in their highest oxidation state, the cobalt values being oxidized to the trivalent state; (b) extracting copper and nickel metal values with an organic extractant, said extractant exhibiting low selectivity for cobalt values when the cobalt is in the trivalent state and high selectivity for copper and nickel metal values when the copper and nickel metal values are in a high oxidation state; (c) separating the organic extractant used in step (b) which is loaded with copper and nickel metal values from the aqueous ammoniacal leach solution to produce a raffinate containing cobalt values; (d) reducing the cobalt values in the raffinate to place the trivalent cobalt in the divalent state; (e) contacting the raffinate containing the divalent cobalt values with an ion extractant which is capable of extracting cobalt ions when in the divalent state; (f) separating the cobalt loaded ion extractant used in step (e) from the aqueous ammoniacal solution; and (g) crowding cobalt from the cobalt loaded ion extractant separated in step (f) by contacting the extractant while in a non-oxidizing atmosphere with an aqueous ammoniacal solution containing a metal ion selected from the group consisting of Cu +2 , Ni +2 and mixtures thereof.

Claim 51

The process as set forth in claim 41 wherein, in step (d), the trivalent cobalt values are reduced to the divalent state with cobalt metal.

Claim 52

The process as set forth in claim 42 wherein, in step (b), the non cobalt metal values are extracted with an organic extractant selected from the group consisting of oximes and 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives.

Claim 53

The process as set forth in claim 42 wherein, in step (b), the copper and nickel metal values are extracted with an oxime selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxy-4-nonylbenzophenoxime, 5,8-diethyl-7-hydroxy-6-dodecanoneoxime and 2-hydroxy-4-dodecylbenzophenoxime.

Claim 54

The process as set forth in claim 42 wherein the same extractant is used to extract copper and nickel metal values in step (b) and cobalt values in step (e).

Claim 55

The process as set forth in claim 41 wherein, in step (b), the copper and nickel metal values are extracted with an organic extractant selected from the group consisting of oximes and 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives.

Claim 56

The process as set forth in claim 41 wherein, in step (b), the copper and nickel metal values are extracted with an oxime selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxy-4-nonylbenzophenoxime, 5,8-diethyl-7-hydroxy-6-dodecanoneoxime and 2-hydroxy-4-dodecylbenzophenoxime.

Claim 57

The process as set forth in claim 41 wherein the same extractant is used to extract copper and nickel metal values in step (b) and cobalt values in step (e).